## THERMA FOREMEN'S SAFETY BINDER
Safety Inspections page 2
Incident Reporting and Investigation page 4
Accident Exposure Investigation Report page 10
Mold Action Plan page 12
Toolbox Meeting Policy page 23
Fit for Duty Program page 25
Stop Work Authority (SWA) page 29
Hazard Communication Program page 32
Pretask Hazard Plan page 47
Heat Related Illness Safety Program page 49
Daily Supervisor Heat Illness Prevention Checklistpage 57
Respiratory Protection Program revised page 60
Fall Protection Program page 66
Ladder Safety Program page 80
Therma Forklift Safety page 85
Forklift Gradall Operator Daily Inspection Checklistpage 95
Self-Propelled Aerial Lift Safety page 96
Scissor Boom Lift Daily Inspection Checklist page 113
Non-Electrical Hot Work (NEHW) Program page 114
Trench And Excavation Safety Program page 122
Trench Inspection and Entry Aut Form page 132
Soil Analysis Checklist page 133
Skid Steer Loader Daily Inspection Checklist page 135
Excavator Daily Inspection Checklist page 136
Lockout Tagout Program page 137
Lockout Tagout Checklist page 148
Confined Space Program page 150
Mobile Crane Safety Policy page 184
Rigging Material Handling page 188
Qualified Rigger for Hoisting Activities page 192
Silica Exposure Control Plan page 202
Prepared by:
---
| Safety Manual
Safety Inspections | |
| --- | --- |
| | Effective:06-99 |
| Policy Section No.:05 | Revision Date:01-16 |
| Revision No.:2 | Page No.:1 of 2 |
## SAFETY INSPECTIONS
## 1.
## Purpose:
1.1 The purpose of this section is to ensure that comprehensive,
documented inspections are being completed at Therma work sites
including office locations.
## 2.
## Scope:
2.1 This procedure applies to all Therma jobsites.
## 3.
## Responsibility:
3.1 Each supervisor will be responsible for making a daily informal tour
of the area(s) under his/her supervision.
3.2 A Safety Coordinator will make a formal documented safety and
health inspection weekly
## 4.
## Inspection Procedures:
4.1 The supervisor and/or safety coordinator should pay close attention
to observing work methods as well as work conditions. Prior to
the inspection, the supervisor should review past accidents to
determine specific causes and high hazard areas or operations.
Such areas need to be given special attention during each
inspection.
4.2 The supervisor and/or safety coordinator should watch for the
following unsafe acts of employees:
• Using equipment without authority.
• Insecure or disorderly piling or arranging of material.
• Operating equipment at an unsafe speed.
• Using defective tools or equipment.
• Unsafe loading or unloading of trucks, skids, racks, etc.
• Lifting improperly, or handling loads that are too heavy.
• Using improper tools, equipment, or vehicles.
• Using tools, equipment, or vehicles improperly.
THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS PROPRIETARY INFORMATION OF THERMA
LLC. ALL INFORMATION SHALL (A) BE RETAINED IN CONFIDENCE; (B)
NOT BE REPRODUCED IN WHOLE OR IN PART; AND (C) NOT BE USED OR
INCORPORATED IN ANY PRODUCT EXCEPT UNDER EXPRESSED
WRITTEN AGREEMENT WITH THERMA LLC.
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2 | 05 | 2 of 2 |
• Making guards or safety devices inoperative.
• Failure to use personal protective equipment.
• Repairing or adjusting machinery in motion or equipment
that is under pressure or energized.
• Horseplay.
## 5.
## Documentation:
5.1 Safety Inspection Checklists will be completed by the safety
coordinator from a mobile tablet.
5.2 Once the checklist is completed it will be forwarded to the Project
Manager/General Foremen. An additional copy will be forwarded
to the Safety Department for record keeping.
## 6.
## Corrective Action and Follow Up:
6.1 Whenever possible, the supervisor will correct unsafe work
methods and conditions immediately upon recognition.
6.2 Each Safety Inspection Checklist will be updated during the next
scheduled tour. **Items not yet corrected will be repeated on the*
*new checklist with a note indicating a "repeat" item and a notation*
*of the date originally identified.*
6.3 Hazardous conditions or procedures detected during inspections
for which no corrective action can be determined by the supervisor
will be brought to the attention of the Safety Coordinator. The
Safety Coordinator will consult with the supervisor,
maintenance/engineering, immediate manager, and outside
consultants, as appropriate to determine suitable corrective action.
6.4 Recommendations submitted by insurance company
representatives and/or outside consultants will be handled in the
same manner as the Safety Inspection Checklists.
THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS PROPRIETARY INFORMATION OF THERMA
LLC. ALL INFORMATION SHALL (A) BE RETAINED IN CONFIDENCE; (B)
NOT BE REPRODUCED IN WHOLE OR IN PART; AND (C) NOT BE USED OR
INCORPORATED IN ANY PRODUCT EXCEPT UNDER EXPRESSED
WRITTEN AGREEMENT WITH THERMA LLC.
---
| Safety ManualIncident Reporting and Investigation | |
| --- | --- |
| | Effective:06-99Revision Date:10-10Revision No.:4Page No.:1of6 |
## INCIDENT REPORTING AND INVESTIGATION
## 1.
## Purpose:
1.1 Provide procedures and guidelines for reporting and investigating
occupational incidents/accidents. Provide an effective tool for
identifying and communicating root causes of accidents/incidents,
and implement corrective actions to prevent re-occurrences.
1.2 Ensure that every incident is investigated, reported appropriately
and evaluated for potential lessons learned. An incident is defined
as: “any event that requires investigation, either due to the harm it
caused to people, the environment, property, or due to the potential
harm that it could have caused”.
1.3 These procedures cover three types of work-related incidents:
• Life-threatening injuries or illnesses.
• Non-life-threatening injuries or illnesses / first aid.
• Non-injury incidents, including close calls and near misses.
1.4 Injuries shall be recorded and reported as required by 29 CFR Part
1904
## 2.
## Scope:
2.1 This applies to all Therma employees, employees of all
subcontractors and sub-tier contractors.
## 3.
## Reporting Requirements:
3.1 The local Cal-OSHA District Office shall be notified when a serious
injury occurs, it is defined as: “Any injury or illness occurring in a
place of employment which requires hospitalization for a period in
excess of 24 hours for other than medical observation or in which
an employee suffers a loss of any member of the body or suffers
any serious degree of permanent disfigurement”.
3.2 All serious injuries and deaths must be reported immediately to the
nearest Cal-OHSA office by telephone, in person, or by telegraph,
as soon as practicably possible or within eight (8) hours of having
knowledge.
3.3 Each report shall include:
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2 | 06 | 2 of 6 |
• Time and date of accident.
• Employee’s name, address, and phone number.
• Name and title of person reporting the accident.
• Address of site accident.
• Name, phone number and person to contact at site of
accident.
• Name and address of injured employee
• Nature of injury
• Location where injured employee was moved to.
• List and identity of other law enforcement agencies present
at the site of accident.
• Description of the accident and whether the accident scene
or instrumentality has been altered.
## 4.
## Reporting Sequence:
4.1 Life Threatening injuries or illnesses. (*Immediate notification
required.)
• Call 911
• Call Site Security (if applicable)
• Notify supervision
• Notify owner/client
• Notify Therma Safety Department
• Therma Safety Department will notify Cal-OSHA, insurance
carrier, company management, if applicable.
4.2 Non-Life threatening injuries / illness / first aid. (*Immediate
notification required.)
• Notify supervision
• Supervision to determine and ensure appropriate first aid
provided is conducted
• Notify owner/client
• Notify Therma Safety Department
4.3 Non-injury incidents, including close calls, and near misses**.**
(*****Immediate notification required.)
• Notify Supervision
• Advise owner/client
• Contact Therma Safety Department
## 5.
## Investigation Responsibilities:
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2 | 06 | 3 of 6 |
5.1 Immediate supervisors of injured/ill employee(s) are responsible for
collecting and preserving information that will be used to complete
the investigation report.
5.2 All information including written data, diagrams, witness
statements, and/or pictures shall be forwarded to the safety
department within 24 hours and will be included in the final report.
5.3 The safety department shall prepare the final investigation report.
5.4 The completed report shall be submitted for management review
within 72 hours.
5.5 In the event of a near-miss incident, the employee’s immediate
supervisor shall complete the incident report and forward the report
to the safety department for review.
## 6.
## Investigation Evidence:
6.1 The employee’s immediate supervisor shall identify any evidence
that might include; a listing of people, equipment, materials
involved, and a recording of environmental factors such as
weather, illumination, temperature, noise, ventilation, etc.
6.2 The employee’s immediate supervisor shall collect and preserve
evidence such as people, positions of equipment, parts and
papers. Notes, photographs, and witness statements shall be
secured and forwarded to the safety department.
6.3 If applicable, collected evidence shall be reviewed and
incorporated into the final report.
## 7.
## Investigation Witness Statements:
7.1 Witness statements from interviews shall be collected and
incorporated into the final report.
7.2 Should follow-up interviews be required, they will be conducted by
members of the safety department.
## 8.
## Investigation Equipment and Supplies:
8.1 The company shall make available all necessary investigation
equipment and supplies.
8.2 Equipment and supplies may include but not limited to:
• Pens/paper clipboard
• Measuring equipment
• Camera
• Audio recorder for witness interviews
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2 | 06 | 4 of 6 |
• Marking devices such as flags
## 9.
## Investigation Report:
9.1 All possible questions regarding the accident should be answered,
and the corrective actions to prevent a recurrence should be listed.
The following questions should be helpful in completing the report:
## Ø Who was involved:
Accidents usually affect more than just the injured person,
and very often, more than just the injured person contributed
to the cause. **Who,** therefore, should go beyond who was
injured and **who** was present. Who supervised the injured
employee? Who failed to report the unsafe condition? All of
those people involved are important to the underlying cause
of the accident. Get the names of everyone involved!
## Ø Where Did the Accident Occur?
Again, we must look beyond the obvious answer to this
question. The name of the department or general area is not
enough. A detailed description of the accident site should be
included. Also, determine if the people involved were where
they were supposed to be. Was the equipment in its proper
location?
## Ø What Happened?
The question can be further broken down to uncover the
following acts:
1. What was being done? (The answer to this question
describes an action or procedure.)
2. What things are involved? (A description of the tool or
equipment that was involved answers this question.)
3. What was the result? (This is answered by a description
of the actual injury, including the nature of the injury and
the part of the body injured.)
## Ø When:
The answer to this question requires more than just the
date. The time of day, the day of the week, and did the
accident occur at the beginning or end of a shift can also be
very important.
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2 | 06 | 5 of 6 |
## Ø
## How Did the Accident Occur?
The answer to this question brings together all the facts of
the accident. The answer to how is a description of the
people, things, places, and times, as they all combine into a
complete event. The exact sequent of events that led to the
accident should be reported.
## Ø Why Did the Accident Occur? (Root Cause)
In order to determine or recommend what corrective action
should be initiated, it must be determined exactly why the
accident occurred. Under no circumstances should
carelessness be considered the cause of any accident. The
word carelessness does not describe the reasons for a
person’s behavior. What contributed to the accident may
have been inattention, inadequate training, failure to report a
hazard, etc. To determine root cause, the following types of
questions need to be answered:
• **Why** was the injured person inattentive?
• **Why** he/she was poorly trained?
• **Why** did someone fail to report an unsafe
condition/procedure?
• **Why** did what happened produce an accident?
• **Why** did the combination of all the factors that made
up the event result in an injury?
• **Why** did the event result in anything other than an
ordinary, everyday occurrence?
These questions and others you can think of will help you
determine **IF** and **WHY** an unsafe act occurred.
## 10. Recommend Corrective Action:
10.1 After evaluating the facts of an accident, you will most likely find
that the accident was caused by a combination of unsafe acts
and/or unsafe conditions. Recommendations to prevent a
recurrence should be directed toward correcting all contributing
factors leading to an unsafe condition and/or unsafe act.
10.2 NOTE: It is important to remember that an accident investigation is
not a trial to find fault or blame. The purpose is to find accident
causes so that similar accidents may be prevented by physical or
mechanical improvement or employee training and motivation.
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2 | 06 | 6 of 6 |
10.3 During the safety department review of the incident report,
corrective action responsibilities will be assigned. Tracking and
closure will be the responsibility of the safety department.
## 11. “Lessons Learned”:
11.1 Incident reports shall be reviewed during management safety
meetings. “Lessons learned” shall be established from each
incident. The information will be communicated to the appropriate
department manager and passed on to the department’s
employees.
11.2 Changes to processes or procedures will be made to prevent reoccurrence or similar events from occurring.
## 12. Training:
12.1 Employees involved in the incident reporting and investigation
process shall be trained in their responsibilities and incident
investigation techniques.
12.2 Training shall be performed when those responsibilities are first
assigned.
## 13. First Response / Loss Control:
13.2 After immediate rescue and treatment of injured workers and if
building structural damage has occurred, Therma may be required
to initiate with the owner/client post incident loss control activities.
13.3 Activities may include:
• Notifying building maintenance of the building damage.
• Notifying engineering personnel for structural integrity
assessment.
• Assisting with coordination of structural bracing.
• Assist with contacting appropriate agencies for nonemergency chemical containment and clean up.
13.4 Personnel responsible for initiating first response / loss control
activities during the immediate post-incident phase shall be trained
prior to the assignment of those duties.
---
# THERMA
# ACCIDENT/EXPOSURE
# INVESTIGATION REPORT
| Job Site: | Date: |
| --- | --- |
| Investigation Team: | Job Number: |
| Employee Name: | Employee ID #: |
| Sex: | Job Description: |
| Department: | Time of Work (Start): |
| Project Manager: | Foreman: |
| General Foreman: | Journeymen/Leadsman: |
| Accident Date: | Time of Accident: |
| Date Reported to Supervisor: | Time Reported: |
| Date of Investigation: | Time of Investigation: |
| Nature of Incident: | |
| Type of Injury: | |
| Referred to Medical Facility/Doctor: Yes No Medical Facility/Doctor: | |
| Did Employee Return to Work? Yes No Date/Time: | |
| Injured Employee Interview/Statement: | |
| | |
| | |
| Witnesses Interviews/Statements (Explain): | |
| | |
| Photograph(s) of Site:(attach) Yes No Diagram(s) of Site:(attach) Yes No | |
| Equipment Records Reviewed: Yes No Attached | |
| Accident/Exposure Incident Description: | |
| | |
| | |
| Root Cause: | |
| Corrective Action Plan and Responsibility: | |
| | |
| | |
| PPE's Used/Needed: | |
***Please use back side for any additional information.***
---
**Additional Information:**
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---
## THERMA
## M OLD A CTION P LAN
## RESPONSE
## CONTENTS – RESPONSE TO MOLD PROBLEMS
**1. Introduction To Response Plans**
**2. Pre-Event Preparation**
**3. Response During Construction**
**4. Response Post-Construction**
**5. Reference Internet Links**
**6. Reference Documents**
**a) Checklist For Mold Remediation, From Epa Guidelines**
**b) Water Damage Response Guidelines (Table 1) From Epa Guidelines**
**c) Record Document**
---
# Mold Action Plan Response
## 1. INTRODUCTION TO RESPONSE PLANS
There are two distinct situations where a response plan is required. The situations are:
## 1. During Construction
## 2. Post Construction
Given the unique conditions existing in each situation, Therma has produced two distinct
response plans. The response plan during construction is much more general beyond the point of
cleaning up the excess moisture and documentation. In the post construction situation, our
response plan is more specific and driven by the degree of water/mold intrusion. We utilized a
flow chart with references to documents and links that cite specific government guidelines.
## 2. PRE-EVENT PREPARATION
By definition, water intrusion events will be addressed as quickly as possible to minimize
damage and possible mold growth. Below is a list of equipment that is kept in order to prepare
for potential water intrusions. Preparation also includes the identification of potential resources,
i.e. water cleanup/restoration specialists, certified industrial hygienists, mold remediation
specialists, etc. that may be called upon to assist in all aspects of this response plan. These
resources may assist in all phases of the plan from the initial water intrusion to the final report.
## Equipment List
• Moisture Meter
• Dehumidifiers
• Floor blowers/dryers
• Wet/Dry Vacuum
---
# Mold Action Plan Response
## Notification Procedures
Notification to one or more of the following parties should be seriously considered:
1. Insurer
2. Legal Department
3. All parties affected by the water intrusion
## 3. DURING CONSTRUCTION
The flow chart below details steps for responding to a water intrusion event that takes place
during construction.
Figure 1: Water Intrusion Response Plan Flow Chart – During Construction
## Guiding Principles
If large-scale water intrusion occurs, it may be beneficial to hire an outside Restoration
Contractor to assist in the drying and cleanup if Therma does not have the necessary resources.
Emphasis should be to dry salvageable materials and remove other materials immediately after
water intrusion, prior to any potential mold growth. Refer to Table 1 of EPA Guidelines for
reference (attached)
After drying, cleanup, and repair of leak, affected areas should be periodically checked for
moisture or mold to ensure problem does not reappear.
---
# Mold Action Plan Response
## 4. POST CONSTRUCTION
The response plan for a finished structure (post construction) has three governing parameters,
listed below:
1. How long since the water intrusion occurred?
2. Has visible mold growth occurred?
3. Size of the water damage or mold growth.
The attached flow chart addresses these issues. While the flow chart is a basic blue print for
managing a response plan, judgment will be required for some decisions, such as whether to
obtain a Hygienist or Remediation Contractor for relatively minor damage. **Specific instructions**
**for remediation work are detailed in the EPA guidelines (web link below)**.
The response plan flowchart has also been linked to Checklist for Mold Remediation, from EPA
402-K-01-001: Mold Remediation in Schools and Commercial Buildings.
## Figure 2: Water Intrusion Response Plan Flow Chart – Post Construction
* Requirement for Remediation Contractor varies by case and by Therma’s capabilities. Outside
specialists may be necessary for larger events, where Therma may not have resources to
completely dry the building materials quickly.
** Requirement varies by size and occupancy.
---
# Mold Action Plan
## Response
**0a-Identify Water Source**
**0b-Stop / Limit Water Intrusion 0c-Notify Applicable Parties**
**0e-Remove Excess Water /** **0d-Photograph / Document** **Dehumidify**
**0f-Assess Need for Outside** **0g-Assess Need for Hygienist**** **Remediation ***
**1 - Less than 2 - Greater than 48 Hours** **3 - Visible growth** **24-48 Hours + no visible growth**
**1a-Remove impacted materials, 3a-If required, contact Hygienist** **`2a - Not Occupied, see “1” for protocol** **Use moisture meter**
**1b-If growth discovered, go to 3b-If required, contact** **2b - Occupied** **“3” above Remediation Contractor**
**1c-Potential further damage? 2c Remove impacted materials w/** **3c - Do not use fans** **Reassess need for Hygienist EPA Containment/PPE**
**1d-Photograph / Document / 2d-If growth discovered, go to 3d - If work in-house, use EPA,** **Keep Records “3” above And refer to “2b” above**
**2e-Potential further damage?** **1e-Check for return of Reassess need for Hygienist 3e-Obtain “Clearance” Letter moisture or mold from IH**
**2f-Photograph / Document /** **Keep Records**
**2g-Check for return of moisture or mold**
### 5. REFERENCE LINKS
EPA: Mold Remediation in Schools and Commercial Buildings (EPA 402-K-01-001, March
2001):
PDF Format: [http://www.epa.gov/iaq/molds/graphics/moldremediation.pdf](http://www.epa.gov/iaq/molds/graphics/moldremediation.pdf) HTML: [http://www.epa.gov/iaq/molds/](http://www.epa.gov/iaq/molds/)
C:\Documents and Settings\mfisher\Desktop\Health and Safety\Policies and Procedures\Mold Action Plan.doc Page 5 of 11 Date: 9/11/2015 7:39 AM Last Modified by: mfisher
---
## 6. REFERENCE DOCUMENTS
## CHECKLIST FOR MOLD REMEDIATION, FROM EPA 402-K-01-001: MOLD
## REMEDIATION IN SCHOOLS AND COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS:
## CHECKLIST FOR MOLD REMEDIATION*
## Investigate and Evaluate Moisture and Mold Problems
q Assess size of moldy area (square feet).
q Consider the possibility of hidden mold.
q Clean up small mold problems and fix moisture problems before they become
large problems.
q Select remediation manager for medium or large size mold problem.
q Investigate areas associated with occupant complaints.
q Identify source(s) or cause of water or moisture problem(s).
q Note type of water-damaged materials (wallboard, carpet, etc.).
q Check inside air ducts and air handling unit.
q Throughout process, consult qualified professional if necessary or desired.
## Communicate with Building Occupants at All Stages of Process, as Appropriate
Designate contact person for questions and comments about medium or large-scale
remediation as needed.
---
# Mold Action Plan Response
## Plan Remediation
q Adapt or modify remediation guidelines to fit your situation; use professional
judgment.
q Plan to dry wet, non-moldy materials within 48 hours to prevent mold growth.
q Select cleanup methods for moldy items.
q Select Personal Protection Equipment – protect remediators.
q Select Containment Equipment – protect building occupants
q Select remediation personnel who have the experience and training needed to
implement the remediation plan and use Personal Protection Equipment and
containment as appropriate.
## Remediate Moisture and Mold Problems
q Fix moisture problem, implement repair plan and/or maintenance plan.
q Dry wet, non-moldy materials within 48 hours to prevent mold growth.
q If mold is detected, contact a company designated hygienist for remediation
procedures.
---
## Mold Action Plan Response
## WATER DAMAGE RESPONSE GUIDELINES, FROM EPA 402-K-01-001: MOLD
## REMEDIATION IN SCHOOLS AND COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS:
| Guidelines for Response to Clean Water Damage Within 24-48 Hours to Prevent Mold Growth* | |
| --- | --- |
| Water-Damaged Material¹ | Actions |
| Books and papers | For non-valuable items, discard books and papers.
Photocopy valuable/important items; discard originals.
Freeze (in frost-free freezer or meat locker) or freeze-dry. |
| Carpet and backing – dry within 24-48 hours² | Remove water with water extraction vacuum.
Reduce ambient humidity levels with dehumidifier.
Accelerate drying process with fans. |
| Ceiling titles | Discard and replace. |
| Cellulose insulation | Discard and replace. |
| Concrete or cinder block surfaces | Remove water with water extraction vacuum.
Accelerate drying process dehumidifiers, fans, and/or heaters. |
| Fiberglass insulation | Discard and replace. |
| Hard surface, porous flooring²(Linoleum, ceramic tile, vinyl) | Vacuum or damp wipe with water and mild detergent and allow to dry; scrub if necessary.
Check to make sure underflooring is dry; dry underflooring if necessary. |
| Non-porous, hard surfaces(Plastics, metals) | Vacuum or damp wipe with water and mild detergent and allow to dry; scrub if necessary. |
| Upholstered furniture | Remove water with water extraction vacuum.
Accelerate drying process dehumidifiers, fans, and/or heaters.
May be difficult to completely dry within 48 hours. If the piece is valuable, you may wish to consult a restoration/water damage professional who specializes in furniture. |
---
# Mold Action Plan Response
| Guidelines for Response to Clean Water Damage Within 24-48 Hours to Prevent Mold Growth* | |
| --- | --- |
| Water-Damaged Material¹ | Actions |
| Wallboard(Drywall and gypsum board) | May be dried in place if there is no obvious swelling and the seams are intact. If not, remove, discard, and replace.Ventilate the wall cavity, if possible. |
| Window drapes | Follow laundering or cleaning instructions recommended by the manufacturer. |
| Wood surfaces | Remove moisture immediately and use dehumidifiers, gentle heat, and fans for drying.(Use caution when applying heat to hardwood floors.)Treated or finished wood surfaces may be cleaned with mild detergent and clean water and allowed to dry.Wet paneling should be pried away from wall for drying. |
| $\textcircled{*} $Even if materials are dried within 48 hours,mold growth may have occurred.Items may be tested by professionals if there is doubt.Note that mold growth will not always occur after 48 hours;this is only a guideline.
These guidelines are for damage caused by clean water.If you know or suspect that the water source is contaminated with sewage,or chemical or biological pollutants,then Personal Protective Equipment and containment are required by OSHA.An experienced professional should be consulted if you and/or your remediators do not have expertise remediating in contaminated water situations.Do not use fans before determining that the water is clean or sanitary. | |
| 1 If a particular item(s) has high monetary or sentimental value,you may wish to consult a restoration/water damage specialist. | |
| 2 The subfloor under the carpet or other flooring material must also be cleaned and dried.See the appropriate section of this table for recommended actions depending on the composition of the subfloor. | |
---
# Mold Action Plan Response
## RECORD DOCUMENT
## Contractor Abatement/Mitigation Record
## Post Flood Or Water Intrusion Event Contractor(s):
| Date | Location* | Describe How The Area Was Selected Pre-Abatement | | | | Describe the Nature and Extent of Abatement | | | | | | | Describe How The Area Was Cleared Post-Abatement | | | Assigned/Responsible Subcontractors | | | | | | Date Release To Owner | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Date | Location* | Date | Date | Visual | Instrument | % Moisture | Drywall Removed(SF) | Describe Equipment Used | | | | | Date | Air Samples | Visual | | | #1 | | | #2 | | | #3 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | Instrument | % Moisture | Drywall Removed(SF) | % Moisture | Date(s) | | | Assigned | | | Visual | | | Cleared | | | Cleared | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Wet/Dry Vacuum(Hs) | Dehumidify | Date | Date | Visual | Instrument | % Moisture | Drywall Removed(SF) | % Moisture | HVAC or HEPA | (Hs) | Mach. ID | | Date | Air Samples | Visual | | | | Assigned | | | Cleared | | | Cleared | | | | | | | | | | |
| Wet/Dry Vacuum(Hs) | Dehumidify | Date | Date | Visual | Instrument | % Moisture | Drywall Removed(SF) | % Moisture | HVAC or HEPA | (Hs) | Mach. ID | | Date | Air Samples | Visual | | | | Mach. ID | | | Assigned | | | Cleared | | | Cleared | | | | | | | |
| Wet/Dry Vacuum(Hs) | Dehumidify | Date | Date | Visual | Instrument | % Moisture | Drywall Removed(SF) | % Moisture | HVAC or HEPA | (Hs) | Mach. ID | | Date | Air Samples | Visual | | | | Mach. ID | | | | | Assigned | | | Cleared | | | Cleared | | | | | |
| Wet/Dry Vacuum(Hs) | Dehumidify | | | Assigned | | | Cleared | | | (Hs) | Mach. ID | | Cleared | | | | | | Mach. ID | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Superintendent/Project Manager:___________________________________________
Date:_____________
Key:
+ - Record date of first discovery
---
# Mold Action Plan
## Response
* - Any method maybe used, i.e. room number, assigned designations letters, numbers, etc
C:\Documents and Settings\mfisher\Desktop\Health and Safety\Policies and Procedures\Mold Action Plan.doc Page 11 of 11 Date: 9/11/2015 7:39 AM Last Modified by: mfisher
---
| Standard Operating Procedure
Toolbox Meeting Policy | |
| --- | --- |
| | Effective:06-99
Revision Date:11-16
Page No.:1of2 |
| Policy Section No.:08
Revision No.:2 | |
## TOOLBOX MEETING POLICY
## 1.
## Purpose:
1.1 To establish a policy as it pertains to weekly safety meetings.
## 2.
## Responsibility:
2.1 It shall be the responsibility of the Project Managers and Foremen
to follow this procedure.
## 3.
## Procedure:
3.1 All Project Managers must ensure their project staff attends weekly
safety meetings.
3.2 All Foremen must conduct the weekly meeting.
3.2.1 The topic and outline will be sent out at the beginning of
each month.
3.2.2 After discussing the weekly topic, site specific
issues/concerns will be discussed.
3.3 Each employee attending the meeting must print and sign their
name on the safety meeting sheet.
3.4.1 If requested, copies shall be made and sent to general
contractor/owner.
3.4 After the meeting, copies shall be sent to Therma's main office with
time cards.
## 4.
## Records:
4.1 Training records will be maintained in accordance with Therma’s
Injury Illness Prevention Program (3 years).
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2 | 08 | 2 of 2 |
## 5.
## Tips for Successful Meetings:
5.1 Limit each talk to between 10 and 15 minutes. Don't let the
meetings turn into a gripe session about unrelated topics. STAY
FOCUSED!
5.2 Give recognition. Start each meeting by complimenting the
workers for some recent good work by saying something in a
positive sense.
5.3 Give the talk in your own words. Each of the safety topics gives
general information and should only be a reference for your
discussions. You should always customize your talks to fit your
own operations.
5.4 Get your people to participate. The purpose is to get workers to
think about safety problems. Make the talk a discussion and have
the workers identify hazards and explain what to do about them.
Encourage suggestions for improving jobsite safety.
5.5 Reinforce the positive points brought out during the discussion at
the end of the meeting.
---
| Safety ManualFit for Duty | |
| --- | --- |
| | Effective:02-16Revision Date:Revision No.:Page No.:1 of4 |
## Fit for Duty
## 1.
## Purpose and Scope:
1.1. Therma employees are expected to report for work fit
for duty, which means able to perform their job duties
in a safe, appropriate and an effective manner free
from the adverse effects of physical, mental,
emotional and personal problems.
1.2. It is the goal of Therma to provide a safe workplace for all
employees. To accomplish this goal we have adopted the
following fitness for duty policy requirements. Supervisors will
work with the H.R. Department when they have a concern about
an employee’s fitness for duty.
## 2.
## Responsibility:
2.1. Management personnel are responsible for monitoring the
attendance, performance and behavior of their employees. When
an employee’s performance and/or behavior(including the odor of
alcohol or possible use of any illegal substance) appears to be
unsafe, ineffective and/or inappropriate, it is every manager’s
responsibility to challenge the employee’s behavior and the ability
to function, remove the employee from the job and contact the H.R.
Department.
2.2. Supervisors have a special responsibility to implement this policy in
a consistent and fair manner.
## 3.
## Training and Safe Work Requirements (Skills and Knowledge):
3.1. Employees need to have the required skills to perform their
assigned tasks. This is evaluated and documented by any or all of
the following for evaluation of the employee’s required skills:
• Certifications, licenses or other documentation verification
• Task testing
• On the job monitoring
• Performance evaluations
• Training and training retention
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | 14 | 2 of 4 |
3.2. Employees are properly trained for their assigned tasks.
Employees must receive training specific to their assigned task.
• Examples might be hot work, scaffold use, equipment
operator qualifications; respirator fit test, etc. or based on a
training matrix that reflects the job description and/or tasks
being performed. All training is to be documented.
3.3. Safe work practices and procedures must be followed. Safe work
procedures must be in place prior to work beginning. Employees
shall follow our and our client’s safety requirements.
• Examples may include hot work permitting, confined space,
lockout tag out, process safety management, electrical
safety, operator safety and other standard work practices,
safety rules or procedures.
## 4.
## Personal Medical Reporting Requirements:
4.1. Employees need to report all medications to their supervisor they
are taking that could impair their ability to work safely. Over-thecounter medications such as allergy or cold and flu medications
could also impair one's ability to perform safely and must also be
reported to their
## 5.
## Client and Drug and Alcohol Testing Requirements:
5.1. Drug and alcohol testing for pre-employment and post-accident as
prescribed by the host facility shall be implemented. Procedures
must include and be implemented for drug and alcohol testing as
prescribed by DOT or the host client facilities.
## 6.
## Confidentiality:
6.1. Medical Records and other related records are protected by state
and federal confidentiality laws and Therma’s policy. Medical
records will be maintained in the employee’s medical file at the
corporate office. Employee medical records will not be released to
unauthorized personnel without the employee’s written consent or
subpoena in accordance with state and federal laws.
## 7.
## Self-Reporting:
7.1. Employees are responsible for notifying their supervisor if they are
fatigued to the point of not being able to perform their duties safely.
Employees must be responsible for ensuring they are physically
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | 14 | 3 of 4 |
and mentally fit to perform their job functions safely. Employees
must take responsibility for their own safety as well as not reporting
to work in a condition as to endanger the safety of their fellow
workers.
7.2. Disciplinary action may occur for an employee reporting to work in
a condition which could endanger their safety or the safety of any
other person(s). See below for Management Referral in case there
is a question of the employee’s ability to work safely.
## 8.
## Management Referral:
8.1. When any manager or their designee observes an employee who is
not performing his/her job safely, appropriately, and effectively, or
an odor of alcohol is present, or whose behavior is inappropriate,
that manager is to remove the employee from her/his duty
immediately and call the H.R. Director or local safety team leader.
The employee may be referred to a medical provider for a fitness for
duty exam.
8.2. The Fitness for Duty evaluation may include testing for chemical
(e.g. alcohol and drug) levels, referral for psychiatric evaluation or
any other evaluation or follow-up deemed necessary.
8.3. The manager or designee must document the reasons for the
fitness for duty request by recording the employee's behavior and
noting the names of any witnesses who observed that behavior.
Documentation must be submitted to the H.R. Director.
8.4. The employee is required to cooperate fully with the manager and
medical personnel. The employee must sign consent forms for both
the fitness examination and communication of its results in
confidence to the H.R. Director. Refusal will be grounds for
disciplinary action.
8.5. Medical personnel will advise the H.R. Director if the employee is fit
or not fit for duty.
8.6. If medical personnel determine that the employee is FIT FOR
DUTY, the employee must contact the H.R. Director and provide a
return to work authorization. The H.R. Director and the employee’s
supervisor will determine if discipline is required in situations where
misconduct may have occurred.
8.7. If medical personnel determine that the employee is NOT FIT FOR
DUTY:
• The supervisor shall ensure the employee has safe
transportation home.
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | 14 | 4 of 4 |
• The employee may not be permitted to return to work until a
return to work authorization has been provided by medical
personnel.
• The supervisor and the H.R. Director will determine
discipline in situations where misconduct has occurred.
---
| Safety Manual
Stop Work Authority(SWA) | |
| --- | --- |
| | Effective:02-16 |
| Policy Section No.:15 | Revision Date: |
| Revision No.: | Page No.:1 of3 |
## Stop Work Authority (SWA)
## 1.
## Purpose:
1.1 Stop Work Authority (SWA) is a program designed to
provide employees with the responsibility and
obligation to stop work when a perceived unsafe
condition or behavior may result in an unwanted
event
## 2.
## Scope:
2.1 Stop Work Authority should be initiated for conditions or behaviors
that threaten danger or imminent danger to person(s), equipment
or the environment. Situations that warrant a SWA may include, but
are not limited to the following:
• Alarms
• Change in condition
• Changes to scope of work or work plan
• Emergency situation
• Equipment used improperly
• Lack of knowledge, understanding or information
• Near-miss incident
• Unsafe conditions
## 3.
## Responsibility:
3.1 Senior Management: Creates a culture that promotes SWA,
establishes clear expectations and responsibilities. Demonstrates
support for using SWA without the potential for retribution.
Resolves SWA conflicts when they arise. Holds employees and
contractors accountable for full compliance with the SWA program.
3.2 Supervisors and Managers: Promotes a culture where SWA is
freely exercised, SWA requests are honored and resolved before
resuming operations. Ensures necessary stop work follow-up is
completed.
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | 15 | 2 of 3 |
3.3 Safety Department: Provides training, support, documentation and
monitors compliance of the SWA program.
3.4 Company employees and contractors: Initiate stop work (in good
faith) and support stop work initiated by others.
## 4.
## Procedure:
## 4.1 Stop
• When an employee or contractor perceives condition(s) or
behavior(s) that pose imminent danger to person(s),
equipment or environment he or she must immediately
initiate a stop work intervention with the person(s) potentially
at risk.
• If the supervisor is readily available and the affected
person(s), equipment or environment is not in imminent
danger, coordinate the stop work action through the
supervisor. The stop work action should be clearly identify
as a stop work action and initiated in a non-combative
manner.
## 4.2 Notify
• Notify affected personnel and supervision of the stop work
action. If necessary, stop work activities that are associated
with the work area in question. Make the area(s) as safe as
possible by removing personnel and stabilizing the situation.
## 4.3 Investigate
• Affected personnel will discuss the situation and come to an
agreement on the stop work action.
• If all parties come to an agreement the condition or behavior
is safe to proceed without modifications, (e.g. the initiator
was unaware of certain information or circumstances), the
affected persons should show appreciation to the SWA
initiator for their concern and then resume work. The SWA is
complete at this point and no further steps are needed.
• If it is determined and agreed the SWA is valid, A Stop Work
Issuance Form will be completed. The condition(s) or
behavior(s) that pose threats or imminent danger to
person(s), equipment or the environment must be resolved
before restarting work. Work will be suspended until a
proper resolution is achieved.
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | 15 | 3 of 3 |
## 4.4 Correct
• Modifications to the affected area(s) will be made and the
affected area(s) will then be inspected by qualified
employee(s) to verify completeness of the modifications and
to verify all safety issues have been properly resolved.
## 4.5 Resume
• The affected area(s) will be reopened for work by personnel
with restart authority. All affected employees and contractors
will be notified of what corrective actions were implemented
and that work will recommence.
• In the event an employee still believes it is unsafe, they will
be assigned to another job with absolutely no retribution.
## 4.6 Follow up
• The supervisor will provide the root cause analysis to the
stop work action and identify any potential opportunities for
improvement. The Safety Department publishes the incident
details regarding the stop work action to all managers and
employees outlining the issue, corrective action and lessons
learned. Management will promptly review all stop work
reports in order to identify any additional investigation or
required follow-up.
---
| Safety Manual
Hazard Communication Program | |
| --- | --- |
| Policy Section No.:23 | Effective:06-99 |
| Revision No.:3 | Revision Date:08-15 |
| | Page No.:1 of 15 |
## HAZARD COMMUNICATION PROGRAM
## 1
## Purpose and Scope:
1.1 To ensure information about the dangers of all hazardous chemicals used
by Therma is known by all affected employees, the following hazardous
information program has been established. Under this program, you will
be informed of the contents of the OSHA Hazard Communication
standard, the hazardous properties of chemical with which you work, safe
handling procedures, and measures to protect yourself from these
chemicals.
1.2 This program applies to all work operations in our company where you
may be exposed to hazardous chemical under normal working conditions
or during an emergency situation. All work units of this company will
participate in the Hazard Communication Program. Copies of the
program are contained in the EHS Manual and in each SDS Binder and
are available upon request from the Safety Department.
1.3 This program is in accordance with Hazard Communication Standard, 29
CFR 1910.1200.
## 2
## Responsibility:
2.1 The Safety Department Manager is the program coordinator, with overall
responsibility for the program, including reviewing and updating this plan
as necessary.
2.2 It is the responsibility of the Safety Department Manager to obtain
updates of Proposition 65 listed chemicals and provide new information
that may affect any employee.
2.3 It is the responsibility of all Project Managers and/or Superintendents to
ensure that a list of hazardous substances and all Safety Data Sheets
(SDS) are obtained prior to any required work.
2.4 In the event of any new introduced and potential health and safety
exposure, it is the responsibility of the Project Manager and/or
Superintendent to inform their crew and the Safety Department Manager
of this information.
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 3 | 23 | 2 of 15 |
2.5 It is the responsibility of the Project Manager to inform the Safety
Department Manager where additional safety and health training may be
necessary on a job site.
2.6 It is responsibility of the Facilities Manager to ensure all outside
contractors work safely in our campus and to protect our employees from
chemicals used by outside contractors' procedures.
2.7 It is the responsibility of the supervisor to ensure all employees on site
are trained regarding the presence of hazardous chemicals.
## 3
## Policy:
## 3.1 Safety Data Sheet (SDS):
3.1.1 The supervisor shall obtain legible copies of all SDSs from the
Safety Department for those hazardous substances that
employees may be exposed to. These copies shall be in a
location where employees may easily read them, during all work
shifts.
3.1.2 If SDSs are missing or new hazardous substances(s) in use do
not have an SDS, or if an SDS is incomplete, contact the Facilities
Manager of the customer site or the Safety Department Manager
immediately to request a new SDS.
3.1.3 If a particular location requires an SDS and/or the data sheet can
not be obtained, no employee shall be permitted in that location.
3.1.4 SDS for new chemicals introduced into the work site shall be
forwarded to the Safety Department.
3.1.5 The Safety Department shall review new SDSs for carcinogenic or
extremely hazardous chemicals and shall inform employees how
they will be protected.
3.1.6 The Safety Department shall manage the listings of chemicals.
3.1.7 The Safety Department shall maintain the SDS Master.
3.1.8 When new chemicals are received, or new information has
become obtained for an existing SDS, the Safety Department will
update the SDS Master (including date the chemicals that were
introduced or updated).
## 3.2 List of Hazardous Substances:
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 3 | 23 | 3 of 15 |
## 3.2.1 It is the responsibility of the supervisor/project manager to obtain any/all SDSs from these resources:
3.2.1.1 Subcontractor.
3.2.1.2 General Contractor.
3.2.1.3 Customer.
3.2.1.4 Hazardous Substance list used by Therma.
3.2.2 It is the responsibility of the supervisor to ensure all employees
are informed of all known hazardous substances.
3.2.3 It is the responsibility of the supervisor to complete a hazardous
substance inventory prior to starting any job.
3.2.3.1 The List of Hazardous Substances will be kept in a
location that is accessible to all employees.
## 3.3 Labels and Other Forms of Warning:
3.3.1 Before hazardous substance containers are released to the work
area, verify that all primary and secondary containers are labeled.
3.3.2 The Primary Container shall address the following: Identity of the
hazardous substance(s), applicable hazard warnings, and
name/address of the manufacturer.
3.3.3 The Secondary Container shall address the following: Identity of
the hazardous substance(s), and applicable hazard warnings.
3.3.4 To address exposure to Proposition 65 chemicals, the Safety
Department Manager will provide clear and reasonable warnings
to individuals prior to exposure by means of posting signs
conspicuously, labeling consumer products, and training
employees.
3.3.5 Labels shall be legible and in English. For non-English speaking,
provisions shall be made to provide information in the native
language.
3.3.6 Container labels shall not be defaced or removed.
3.4 Employee Information and Training:
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 3 | 23 | 4 of 15 |
3.4.1 All new employees shall receive hazard communication training at
the time of their initial assignment and whenever a new chemical
is introduced into their work area.
3.4.2 Prior to starting work in a location which contains hazardous
chemicals, all employees shall attend a health and safety-training
The training will provide information on the following:
3.4.2.1 The requirements of the hazard communication
regulation, including the employees’ rights under the
regulation.
3.4.2.2 The location and availability of the written hazard
communication program.
3.4.2.3 Any operation in the work area, including non-routine
tasks, where hazardous substances or
carcinogens/reproductive toxins are present and
exposures are likely to occur.
3.4.2.4 Method and observation techniques used to determine
the presence or release of hazardous substances in
the work area.
3.4.2.5 Protective practices the company will take to minimize
or prevent exposure to these substances.
3.4.2.6 How to read labels and review SDSs in order to obtain
hazard information.
3.4.2.7 Information of the physical and health effects of the
potential hazardous substances exposure.
3.4.2.8 Symptoms of overexposure.
3.4.2.9 Measures employees need to put into practice to
reduce or prevent exposure to hazardous substances
by engineering controls, work practices, and use of
personal protective equipment (PPE).
3.4.2.10 Emergency and first aid procedures to follow if
employees are exposed to hazardous substances.
3.4.2.11 The location and interpretation, if needed, of warning
signs or placards to communicate that a chemical
known to cause cancer or reproductive toxicity is used
in the workplace.
3.4.3 Employee training documentation shall be maintained by the
Safety Department Manager. Documentation shall include the
employee’s name, a brief description of the training and trainer’s
name. Copies of documentation shall be maintained in the
employee’s individual training file.
3.5 Hazardous Non-routine Tasks:
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 3 | 23 | 5 of 15 |
3.5.1 If an employee is required to perform a hazardous non-routine
task, the affected employee shall be given information by their
supervisor on hazards to which they may be exposed during such
an activity.
3.5.2 The non-routine task shall address the following information:
3.5.2.1 Specific hazards.
3.5.2.2 Measures the company has taken to reduce the risk of
these hazards, such as providing respiratory protection
program, and establishing emergency procedures.
3.5.3 The supervisor shall complete a Pre-task Hazard Plan for all
hazardous non-routine tasks.
3.5.3.1 Pre-task Hazard Plan shall be reviewed with all
affected employees prior to starting the task.
## 3.6 Labeled/Unlabeled Pipes (if applicable):
3.6.1 Above-ground pipes transporting hazardous substances (gages,
vapors, liquids, semi-liquids, or plastics) shall be identified in
accordance with T8 CCR, Section 3321, and the Identification of
Piping.
3.6.2 Other above-ground pipes that do not contain hazardous
substances but may have associated hazards if disturbed or cut
(i.e., steam lines, oxygen lines) shall be addressed as follows:
3.6.2.1 The location of the pipe system or other known safety
hazard.
3.6.2.2 The substance in the pipe.
3.6.2.3 Potential hazards.
3.6.2.4 Safety precautions.
## 3.7 Outside Contractors:
3.7.1 Contractors will be informed of our Hazard Communication Policy
to ensure they work safely in our campus and to protect our
employees from chemicals brought onsite by outside contractors.
3.7.2 Outside contractors shall be informed of hazardous substances,
including Proposition 65 chemicals, to which they may be
exposed while on the job site.
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 3 | 23 | 6 of 15 |
3.7.3 Outside contractors shall have available SDSs of
chemical/substances brought onto our campus.
3.7.4 Outside contractors shall be informed of protective measures the
employees should take to minimize the possibility of exposure.
## 4
## Identification Systems:
4.1 Global Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of
Chemicals (GHS)
Specific sections of GHS labels include the following:
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 3 | 23 | 7 of 15 |
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| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 3 | 23 | 8 of 15 |
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| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 3 | 23 | 9 of 15 |
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| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 3 | 23 | 10 of 15 |
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 3 | 23 | 11 of 15 |
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 3 | 23 | 12 of 15 |
# 4.2 NFPA – National Fire Protection Association Labeling System
| | Health Hazard | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 4 | Very short exposure could cause death or serious residual injury even though prompt medical attention was given. | |
| 3 | Short exposure could cause serious temporary or residual injury even though prompt medical attention was given. | |
| 2 | Intense or continued exposure could cause temporary incapacitation or possible residual injury unless prompt medical attention is given. | |
| 1 | Exposure could cause irritation but only minor residual injury even if no treatment is given. | |
| 0 | Exposure under fire conditions would offer no hazard beyond that of ordinary combustible materials. | |
---
|Revision No. 3||Policy Section No. Page 13 of 15 23|
|---|---|---|
||4 3 2 1 0 4 3 2 1 0|Flammability Will rapidly or completely vaporize at normal pressure and temperature, or is readily dispersed in air and will burn readily. Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all ambient conditions. Must be moderately heated or exposed to relatively high temperature before ignition can occur. Must be preheated before ignition can occur. Materials that will not burn. 1 Instability Readily capable of detonation or of explosive decomposition or reaction at normal temperatures and pressures. Capable of detonation or explosive reaction, but requires a strong initiating source or must be heated under confinement before initiation, or reacts explosively with water. Normally unstable and readily undergo violent decomposition but do not detonate. Also: may react violently with water or may form potentially explosive mixtures with water. Normally stable, but can become unstable at elevated temperatures and pressures or may react with water with some release of energy, but not violently. Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and are not reactive with water.|
|1||Prior to 1996, this section was titled "Reactivity". The name was changed because many people did not understand the distinction between a "reactive hazard" and the "chemical reactivity" of the material. The numeric ratings and their meanings remain unchanged. Special Hazards This section is used to denote special hazards. There are only three NFPA 704 approved symbols: THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS PROPRIETARY INFORMATION OF THERMA LLC. ALL INFORMATION SHALL (A) BE RETAINED IN CONFIDENCE; (B) NOT BE REPRODUCED IN WHOLE OR IN PART; AND (C) NOT BE USED OR INCORPORATED IN ANY PRODUCT EXCEPT UNDER EXPRESSED WRITTEN AGREEMENT WITH THERMA LLC.|
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 3 | 23 | 14 of 15 |
| OX | This denotes an oxidizer,a chemical which can greatly increase the rate of combustion/fire. |
| --- | --- |
| SA | This denotes gases which are simple asphyxiants.The only gases for which this symbol is permitted are nitrogen,helium,neon,argon,krypton,and xenon. The use of this hazard symbol is optional. |
| W | Unusual reactivity with water. This indicates a potential hazard using water to fight a fire involving this material. When a compound is both water-reactive and an oxidizer,the W/bar symbol should go in this quadrant and the OX warning is placed immediately below the NFPA diamond. |
Some organizations use other symbols, abbreviations, and words in the white
Special Hazards section. NFPA 704 permits the use of additional symbols, but
they must be placed **outside** of the NFPA diamond. The following symbols are
**not** compliant with NFPA 704, but we present them here in case you see them
on an MSDS or container label.
| ACID | This indicates that the material is an acid, a corrosive material that has a pH lower than 7.0 |
| --- | --- |
| ALK | This denotes an alkaline material, also called a base. These caustic materials have a pH greater than 7.0 |
| COR | This denotes a material that is corrosive (it could be either an acid or a base). |
| | This is another symbol used for corrosive. |
| | The skull and crossbones are used to denote a poison or highly toxic material. See also: CHIP Danger symbols. |
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 3 | 23 | 15 of 15 |
| The international symbol for radioactivity is used to denote radioactive hazards; radioactive materials are extremely hazardous when inhaled. |
| --- |
| Indicates an explosive material. This symbol is somewhat redundant because explosives are easily recognized by their Instability Rating. |
---
| Safety Manual
Pre-Task Hazard Plans | |
| --- | --- |
| | Effective:01/01/09 |
| Policy Section No.:25 | Revision Date: |
| Revision No.: | Page No.:1 of 2 |
## PRE-TASK HAZARD PLANS
## 1
## Purpose and Scope:
1.1 A Pre-task Hazard plan is a safety planning tool which consists of
a safety checklist and a job hazard analysis
1.2 Pre-task Hazard Plans are to be used when performing nonroutine work which presents unusual risks or hazards to workers,
public and/or property. This work may include but not limited to the
following:
• Confined Space Entry.
• Critical Lifts.
• Trenching / Excavating.
• Line Breaking.
• Equipment / Building Demo.
• Elevated work or work which poses unique fall hazards.
• Chemical Hazards.
1.3 Pre-task Hazard Plans are a supplemental planning tool and are
not to be used in lieu of job specific permits, (E.g. LOTO Checklist,
Crane Lift Checklist, Confined Space Permit, etc.)
## 2
## Responsibility:
2.1 It is the responsibility of the supervisor to determine when a Pretask Hazard Plan is to be used.
2.2 It is the supervisor’s responsibility to develop the Pre-task Hazard
Plan.
2.3 It is the responsibility of all employees to review and follow the
requirements detailed in the Pre-task Hazard Plan.
2.4 It is the safety department’s responsibility to train supervisors in
the preparation of Pre-task Hazard Plans.
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 25 | 2 of 2 |
## 3
## Procedure:
3.1 Identify Project/Equipment/System Description.
3.2 Identify and obtain task specific work plans or permit.
3.3 Complete PPE, Fall Protection and Safe Plan of Action Checklist.
3.4 Break down job steps and complete Job Hazard Analysis.
3.4.1 Conduct a walk-through of work area, inspecting for
hazards.
3.4.2 Write the steps of the task.
3.4.3 Note possible hazards involved in each step as well as
contingencies.
3.4.4 In the Safe Plan column, provide the corrective actions that
will be taken to mitigate the hazards.
3.4.5 List tools needed to do the job, additional safety equipment,
etc.
3.5 Review the Pre-task Hazard Plan with each team member and
obtain signatures.
3.6 The supervisor is to sign the plan and forward to the Safety
Department for review, if required.
3.7 **If conditions change, STOP the job, identify control measures,**
**update the plan and communicate changes with team**
**members.**
---
| Safety Manual
Heat Related Illness Safety Program | |
| --- | --- |
| | Effective:09-05 |
| Policy Section No.:26 | Revision Date:05-15 |
| Revision No.:5 | Page No.:1 of8 |
## HEAT RELATED ILLNESS SAFETY PROGRAM
## 1.
## Purpose:
1.1 To provide a safe and healthful working environment and protect
Therma employees who are exposed to temperature extremes,
radiant heat, humidity, or limited air movement while working from
heat related illnesses.
## 2.
## Policy:
2.1 The workplace will be evaluated to determine if Therma employees
are at high risk from heat related illnesses during temperature
extremes and hot weather while working. If it is determined
employees are at risk they will be Trained to be aware of the heat
related illnesses, and procedures to take if symptoms are present.
2.2 This program shall be made available to all employees.
2.3 *Therma shall develop and maintain a Heat Illness Prevention Plan.*
*The plan shall, at a minimum, consist of; procedures for the*
*provision of water and access to shade; high heat procedures;*
*emergency response procedures; acclimatization methods; training*
*requirements. The plan shall be available to employees at the*
*worksite, as well as to representatives of Cal/OSHA upon request.*
*The plan will be considered available at the worksite if, it can be*
*displayed for employees on a cell phone or other electronic device*
*upon request.*
## 3.
## Implementation of Therma Heat Stress Program:
3.1 Therma will implement this Heat Stress Program when employees
are at risk of heat related illnesses while they are working and are
exposed to a combination of environmental risk factors such as
temperature extremes, radiant heat, humidity, limited air
movement, protective clothing, workload severity and duration.
## 4.
## Training:
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 5 | 26 | 2 of 8 |
## 4.1 Training will be provided prior to job assignment.
4.2 Employee training: Training in the following topics will be provided
to all supervisory and non-supervisory employees:
4.2.1 Environmental and personal risk factors for heat illness.
4.2.2 Procedures for identifying, evaluating, and controlling
exposures to the environmental and personal risk factors for
heat illness.
4.2.3 The importance of frequent consumption of water.
4.2.4 The *concept*, importance, and *method* of acclimatization.
4.2.5 The different types of heat illness and the common signs
and symptoms or signs of heat illness.
4.2.6 The importance of immediately reporting to the employer or
designee symptoms or signs of heat illness.
4.2.7 Procedure for responding to symptoms of possible heat
illness, including how emergency services will be provided
should they become necessary.
4.2.8 Procedure for contacting emergency medical services, and if
necessary, for transporting employees to a point where they
can be reached by medical service personnel.
4.2.9 How to provide clear and precise directions to the work site.
4.2.10 *Therma’s responsibility to provide water, shade, cool-down*
*rests, and access to first aid as well as the employees’ right*
*to exercise their rights without retaliation.*
4.3 Supervisor training: Prior to assignment to supervision of
employees working in the heat, training on the following topics will
occur:
4.3.1 The information provided for employee training.
4.3.2 Procedures the supervisor will follow to implement controls
as determined by the employer.
4.3.3 Procedures the supervisor will follow when an employee
exhibits symptoms consistent with possible heat illness,
including emergency response procedures.
4.4 *Training records shall be maintained for a period of no less than 3*
*years*
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 5 | 26 | 3 of 8 |
## 5.
## Controls for reducing heat exposure:
5.1 Therma’s supervisors will evaluate the potential for heat stress. If
environmental conditions are present the supervisor will implement
controls, such as; work/rest regimen, starting jobs earlier and
ending earlier to avoid hot times of the day, and/or, provisions for
gaining access to shade.
5.2 Acclimatization: Acclimatization means temporary adaptation of the
body to work in the heat that occurs gradually when a person is
exposed to it. Acclimatization peaks in most people within four to
fourteen days of regular work for at least two hours per day in the
heat. In fully acclimatized individuals, sweating starts faster and the
sweat carries less salt and other minerals out of the body. As a
result, by sweating more efficiently the body cools down faster.
Also there is less demand on the heart and cardiovascular system.
For the reasons given above, *being fully acclimatized can allow*
*workers to continue working in warm or hot conditions and*
*decreases the risk of heat illness and unsafe acts*.
In general, physically fit individuals become acclimatized about
50% faster than those individuals who are not physically fit.
Overweight individuals may retain more body heat and therefore
may be more prone to developing heat illness.
5.2.1 Methods to acclimatize employees who are working in hot
environments:
• If they are not accustomed to working in warm or hot
environments, they should start work slowly and pick up
the pace gradually.
• Assign employees to less physically demanding tasks
during their first 14 days of working in a warm or hot
environment.
• Schedule and provide frequent breaks. Supply sufficient
amounts of drinking water
• *All employees shall be closely observed by a supervisor*
*or designee during a heat wave. “Heat wave” means any*
*day in which the predicted high temperature for the day*
*will be at least 80 degrees Fahrenheit and at least ten*
*degrees Fahrenheit higher than the average high daily*
*temperature in the preceding five days*
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 5 | 26 | 4 of 8 |
• *An employee who has been newly assigned to a high*
*heat area shall be closely observed by a supervisor or*
*designee for the first 14 days of the employee's*
*employment*
## 6.
## Provisions for water:
6.1 An adequate supply of *fresh, pure, and clean* potable drinking
water *shall be located as close as practicable to the areas where*
*employees are working* and will be supplied to employees per
safety standards. Employees will be notified of the location of
potable water and encouraged to drink. Where it is not plumbed or
otherwise continuously supplied, it shall be provided in sufficient
quantity at the beginning of the work shift to provide one quart per
employee per hour for drinking for the entire shift.
## 7.
## Access to Shade:
*7.1* The company shall provide access to shade when the temperature
exceeds *80* degrees. Shade can be in the form of “pop-ups”,
umbrellas, or tree-covered areas*. Employees shall be allowed and*
*encouraged to take a preventative cool down rest in the shade*
*when they feel the need to do so to protect them from overheating.*
*7.2 An individual employee who takes a preventative cool-down rest (A)*
*shall be monitored and asked if he or she is experiencing symptoms*
*of heat illness; (B) shall be encouraged to remain in the shade; and*
*(C) shall not be ordered back to work until any signs or symptoms*
*of heat illness have abated. If an employee exhibits signs or reports*
*symptoms of heat illness while taking a preventative cool-down*
*rest, the employer shall provide appropriate first aid or emergency*
*response.*
7.3 Access shall be permitted at all times.
7.4 Locate the shade structure as close as practicable to the areas
where employees are working.
7.5 “Rule of Thumbs”: The amount of shade present should be at least
enough to accommodate *the number of employees on recovery or*
*rest periods. The amount of shade present during meal periods*
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 5 | 26 | 5 of 8 |
*shall be at least enough to accommodate the number of employees*
*on the meal period who remain onsite.*
## 8.
## High Heat Procedures:
8.1 In the event temperatures *equal or* exceed 95 degrees Fahrenheit,
the following procedures shall be implemented:
• Ensure communication methods are available so
employees can contact their supervisors when
necessary.
• Supervisors shall observe employees for alertness and
sign / symptoms of heat illness *by implementing one or*
*more of the following:*
o *Supervisor or designee observation of 20 or*
*fewer employees, or*
o *Mandatory buddy system, or*
o *Regular communication with sole employee*
*such as by radio or cellular phone, or*
o *Other effective means of observation.*
• *Pre-shift meetings before the commencement of work to*
*review the high heat procedures, encourage employees*
*to drink plenty of water, and remind employees of their*
*right to take a cool-down rest when necessary.*
• *Designating one or more employees on each worksite*
*as authorized to call for emergency medical services,*
*and allowing other employees to call for emergency*
*services when no designated employee is available.*
• Reminding employees throughout the work shift to drink
plenty of water.
• Closely supervise new employees for their first 14 days
of employment.
**9. First Aid awareness and actions in the event of a heat related illness:**
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 5 | 26 | 6 of 8 |
9.1 Procedures for contacting emergency responders for heat illness
emergencies shall be established in the Site Medical Plan. This
plan shall be posted and clearly communicated to employees prior
to the start of work.
9.2 Remote Locations: The beginning of each day the supervisor shall
evaluate his/her work site to determine if transportation from a
remote location to a location where they could be reached by an
emergency medical responder if an emergency occurs. These
procedures shall be included in the Site Medical Plan.
9.3 The following chart helps employees recognize the main type of
heat related illnesses, symptoms, and the appropriate treatment to
reduce the effects of the heat related illness.
| | Symptoms | Treatment |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Heat Cramps | muscle spasms in legs or abdomen | move person to a cooler location stretch muscles for cramps give cool water or electrolyte-containing fluid to drink |
| Heat exhaustion | headaches clumsiness dizziness/fainting weakness/exhaustion heavy sweating/clammy skin confusion rapid breathing rapid/weak pulse seizures | move person to a cooler location(do not leave alone) loosen and remove heavy clothing that restricts evaporative cooling if conscious, provide small amounts of cool water to drink fan person, spray with cool water,or apply a wet cloth to skin to increase evaporative cooling call 911 if not feeling better within a few minutes |
---
| Revision No. | | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 5 | | 26 | 7 of 8 |
| Heat stroke | sweating may or may not be present red/flushed, hot dry skin bizarre behavior mental confusion or loss of consciousness panting/rapid breathing rapid/weak pulse seizures | | call 911 move person to a cooler location(do not leave alone) loosen and remove heavy clothing that restricts evaporative cooling cool worker rapidly fan person, spray with cool water,or apply a wet cloth to skin to increase evaporative cooling |
## 10. Definitions
10.1 “Heat Related Illness” – means a serious medical condition
resulting for the body’s inability to cope with a particular heat load,
and includes heat cramps, heat exhaustion, heat syncope (fainting)
and heat stroke.
10.2 “Environmental risk factors for heat illness” – means working
conditions that create the possibility that heat illness could occur,
including air temperature, relative humidity, radiant heat from the
sun and other sources, conductive heat sources such as ground,
air movement, workload severity and duration, protective clothing
and personal protective equipment worn by employees. These
conditions will be considered when determining that Therma is
implementing controls and methods to reduce the potential for heat
related illness.
10.3 “Personal risk factors for heat illness” – means factors such as
individual’s age, degree of acclimatization, health, water
consumption, alcohol consumption, caffeine consumption, and use
of prescription medications that affect the body’s water retention or
other physiological responses to heat.
10.4 “Shade” – *means blockage of direct sunlight. One indicator that*
*blockage is sufficient is when objects do not cast a shadow in the*
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 5 | 26 | 8 of 8 |
*area of blocked sunlight. Shade is not adequate when heat in the*
*area of shade defeats the purpose of shade, which is to allow the*
*body to cool. For example, a car sitting in the sun does not provide*
*acceptable shade to a person inside it, unless the car is running*
*with air conditioning. Shade may be provided by any natural or*
*artificial means that does not expose employees to unsafe or*
*unhealthy conditions and that does not deter or discourage access*
*or use.*
10.5 *“Heat wave” - Any day in which the predicted high temperature for*
*the day will be at least 80 degrees Fahrenheit and at least ten*
*degrees Fahrenheit higher than the average high daily temperature*
*in the preceding five days*
*Note: Italicized text added to comply with the HIP Regulation Amendments,*
*March 23, 2015*
---
# Daily Supervisor Heat Illness Prevention Checklist
**Job Site:** ______________________________________________ **Today’s Date:** __________________
| | YES | NO |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. Has the designated person received HIP training? | $\Box$ | $\Box$ |
| 2. Do you have a readily available copy of Therma's HIPP (may be written or electronic)? | $\Box$ | $\Box$ |
| 3. Have you reviewed the HIP with your employees? | $\Box$ | $\Box$ |
| 4.*Have you evaluated the weather and determined to the possibility of high heat potential (+95 degrees)? | $\Box$ | $\Box$ |
| 5.Do you have provisions for accessible, adequate(1 qt.per hr.per employee), fresh/cool water for your employees? | $\Box$ | $\Box$ |
| 6.Have you encouraged your employees to drink water frequently, especially,during high heat? | $\Box$ | $\Box$ |
| 7.Have you provided your employees with access to shade? | $\Box$ | $\Box$ |
| 8.Have you encouraged your employees to take"cool down"breaks(min 5 minutes)if they feel they need to protect themselves from overheating? | $\Box$ | $\Box$ |
| 9.Have you determined an effective method to contact emergency services ifthey are needed? | $\Box$ | $\Box$ |
| *High Heat Procedures(+95 degrees) | | |
| 10.Is it possible to reschedule outdoor activities during non-high heat hours? | $\Box$ | $\Box$ |
| 11.Do you and your employees have an effective method to communicateduring the work shift? | $\Box$ | $\Box$ |
| 12.Have they been encouraged to contact you if needed? | $\Box$ | $\Box$ |
| 13.Do you have a method to actively monitor temperature(e.g.dry bulbthermometer)throughout the work shift? | $\Box$ | $\Box$ |
| 14.Can you effectively observe your employees during the work shift?If not,have you implementeda"buddy system"? | $\Box$ | $\Box$ |
| 15.Do you have newly assigned employees that will be closely monitored/work modified for the first14 days of work? | $\Box$ | $\Box$ |
| 16.Have you conducted a daily training briefing(prior to work)which coversweather forecast,frequent drinking of water,access to shade,signs/symptoms/treatment of heat illness,cool down breaks,communication,and contacting emergency services? | $\Box$ | $\Box$ |
| 17.Have you designated a trained employee as the person responsible forresponding to and providing treatment until emergency services arrive? | $\Box$ | $\Box$ |
---
# Daily Supervisor Heat Illness Prevention Checklist
**Job Site:** __________________________________________ **Today’s Date:** _______________
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---
New Foremen's Safety Binder May 2017
Daily Supervisor Heat Illness Prevention Checklist.docx
---
| Safety Manual
Respiratory Protection Program | |
| --- | --- |
| | Effective:06-99 |
| Policy Section No.:27 | Revision Date:01-09 |
| Revision No.:2 | Page No.:1 of 6 |
## Respiratory Protection Program
## 1.
## Purpose and Scope:
1.1 The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) General
Industry standard for respiratory protection 29 CFR 1910.134 requires
that a written respiratory protection program be established by an
employer. The following procedures are based on the requirements
established by OSHA.
## 2.
## Responsibilities:
## 2.1 Management:
2.1.1 It is management’s responsibility to determine what specific
applications require the use of respiratory protective equipment.
Management must also provide proper respiratory protective
equipment to meet the needs of each specific application.
Employees must be provided with adequate training and
instructions on all equipment.
## 2.2 Management/Supervisory:
2.2.1 Superintendents of each area are responsible for ensuring that
all personnel under their control are completely knowledgeable
of the respiratory protection requirements for the areas in which
they work. They are also responsible for ensuring that their
subordinates comply with all facets of this respiratory protection
program, including respirator inspection and maintenance. They
are responsible for implementing disciplinary procedures for
employees who do not comply with respirator requirements.
## 2.3 Employees:
2.3.1 It is the responsibility of the employee to have an awareness of
the respiratory protection requirements for their work areas (as
explained by management). Employees are also responsible for
wearing the appropriate respiratory protective equipment
according to proper instructions and for maintaining the
equipment in a clean and operable condition.
THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS PROPRIETARY INFORMATION OF THERMA
CORPORATION. ALL INFORMATION SHALL (A) BE RETAINED IN
CONFIDENCE; (B) NOT BE REPRODUCED IN WHOLE OR IN PART; AND (C)
NOT BE USED OR INCORPORATED IN ANY PRODUCT EXCEPT UNDER
EXPRESSED WRITTEN AGREEMENT WITH THERMA CORPORATION.
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2 | 27 | 2 of 6 |
## 2.4 Program Administration:
2.4.1. The following individual has total and complete responsibility
for the administration of the respiratory protection program:
## Name: Fred Mulgrew
Title: Construction Safety Manager
2.4.2. This individual has the authority to act on any and all matters
relating to the operation and administration of the respiratory
protection program. All employees, operating departments,
and service departments will cooperate to the fullest extent.
This person is referred to as the Respiratory Protection
Program Administrator in this program.
2.4.3. This individual is responsible for monitoring or conducting an
exposure assessment of the respiratory hazard, developing
standard operating procedures for this program, maintaining
records, and conducting program evaluations.
2.4.4. This individual is responsible for contaminant identification and
measurement, including technical support, air sampling and
laboratory analysis.
2.4.5. This individual is responsible for evaluating the health of the
company employees via a comprehensive medical and health
program.
2.4.6. This individual is responsible for directing and coordinating
engineering projects that are directly related to respiratory
protection.
2.4.7. This individual is responsible for selection, issuance, training,
and fit testing of all respirators used in this company, including
record keeping.
## 3.
## Policy:
3.1 It is the policy of this company to provide its employees with a safe and
healthful work environment. The guidelines in this program are designed
to help reduce employee exposure to occupational air contaminants and
oxygen deficiency. The primary objective is to prevent excessive
exposure to these contaminants. This is accomplished as far as feasible
by accepted engineering and work practice control measures. When
effective engineering controls are not feasible, or while they are being
implemented or evaluated, respiratory protection may be required to
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2 | 27 | 3 of 6 |
achieve this goal. In these situations, respiratory protection is provided at
no cost to the employees.
## 3.2 Medical Evaluation:
3.2.1 Every employee who is being considered for inclusion in the
Respiratory Protection Program must participate in a medical
evaluation. A determination of the employee’s ability to wear a
respirator while working is made initially before fit testing.Future
evaluations are made when there is a change in workplace
conditions or information indicating a need for reevaluation.
3.2.2 Medical evaluation prior to fit-testing will be confidential, during
normal working hours, convenient, understandable, and the
employee will be given a chance to discuss the results with the
physician or other licensed health care professional (PLHCP).
## 3.3 Work Area Monitoring:
3.3.1. Exposure assessment will be done to ensure proper respirator
selection. In order to determine the exposure level, air samples
of the work-place representative of the work period, exposure
assessment based on analogous processes, or professional
judgment will be used. Personal sampling equipment may be
used in accordance with accepted industrial hygiene standards
to sample each work area. Results of these samples will
pinpoint areas where respiratory protection is required.
3.3.2. Working in IDLH atmospheres is not allowed.
3.3.3. The exposure assessment will be performed prior to the task
requiring respiratory protection. Periodically thereafter, as
required by OSHA substance specific standards or at least
every twelve (12) months, ** a review of the exposure
assessment will be made to determine if respiratory protection is
still required. If respiratory protection is still necessary,
respirator selections will be reviewed to assure their continued
suitability.
## 3.4 Respirator Selection:
3.4.1 Respirators are selected and approved for use by management.
The selection is based upon the physical and chemical
properties of the air contaminants and the concentration level
likely to be encountered by the employee. The Respiratory
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2 | 27 | 4 of 6 |
Protection Program Administrator will make a respirator
available immediately to each employee who is assigned to a
job that requires respiratory protection. Replacement
respirators/cartridges and filters will be made available as
required.
3.4.2 The selection of the proper respirator type will be made
following the procedures that are attached.
3.4.3 All respirators will be NIOSH approved.
## 3.5 Use of Respirators:
3.5.1 All tight-fitting respirators (both negative and positive pressures)
shall not be used with beards or other facial hair or any other
condition that prevents direct contact between the face and the
edge of the respirator or interferes with valve function.
3.5.2 Employees will be required to leave the contaminated area:
• Upon malfunction of the respirator
• Upon detection of leakage of contaminant into the
respirator.
• If increased breathing resistance of the respirator is noted.
• If severe discomfort in wearing the respirator is detected.
• Upon illness of the respirator wearer, including: sensation
of dizziness, nausea, weakness, breathing difficulty,
coughing, sneezing, vomiting, fever and chills.
• To wash face to prevent skin irritation
• To change filter/cartridge elements or replace respirators
whenever they detect the warning properties of the
contaminant or increased breathing resistance.
## 3.6 Respirator Training and Fitting:
## 3.6.1 Training:
• Employees assigned to jobs requiring respirators will be
instructed by their supervisor relative to their
responsibilities in the respiratory protection program. They
will also be instructed in the need, use, limitations, and
care of their respirator
• Retraining is given at least every 12 months ** after initial
training.
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2 | 27 | 5 of 6 |
## 3.7 Fit Testing:
3.7.1 Employees will be properly fitted and tested for a face seal prior
to use of the respirator in a contaminated area. Qualitative fit
testing will be the preferred method of fit testing.
3.7.2 Fit testing will be done initially upon employee assignment to an
area where respirators are required. Fit testing will be repeated
at least every 12 months ** thereafter. All Tight-fitting respirators
(negative and positive pressure) will be fit tested. Positive
pressure tight-fitting respirators will be fit tested in the negative
pressure mode.
3.7.3 Fit testing will not be done on employees with facial hair that
passes between the respirator seal and the face or interferes
with valve function. Such facial hair includes stubble, beards
and long sideburns.
3.7.4 **Note**: If it is determined that an individual cannot obtain an
adequate fit with any tight-fitting respirator, a loose fitting
powered air purifying or supplied air respirator may be required
instead.
3.8 Respirator Inspection, Maintenance and Storage:
3.8.1 Respirators must be properly maintained to retain their original
effectiveness. The maintenance program will consist of periodic
inspection, repair, cleaning and proper storage.
3.8.2 Inspection: The wearer of a respirator will inspect it daily
whenever it is in use. The safety department will periodically
spot respirators for fit, usage and condition. The use of
defective respirators is not permitted. If a defective respirator is
found during inspection, it must be returned to the safety
department.
3.8.3 Repair: During cleaning and maintenance, respirators that do
not pass inspection will be removed from service and will be
discarded or repaired. Repair of the respirator must be done
with parts designed for the respirator in accordance with the
manufacturer’s instructions before reuse. No attempt will be
made to replace components or make adjustments,
modifications or repairs beyond the manufacturer’s
recommendations.
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2 | 27 | 6 of 6 |
3.8.4 Cleaning: Respirators not discarded after one shift use, except
filtering face-piece type, will be cleaned on a daily basis (or after
each use if not used daily), according to the manufacturer’s
instructions, by the assigned employee or other person
designated by the Respiratory Protection Program
Administrator. Facilities and supplies for cleaning these
respirators will be made available.
3.8.5 Storage: Respirators not discarded after one shift use will be
stored in a location where they are protected from sunlight, dust,
heat, cold, moisture and damaging chemicals. They shall be
stored in a manner to prevent deformation of the face piece and
exhalation valve. Whenever feasible, respirators not discarded
after one shift use will be marked and stored in such a manner
to assure that they will be worn only by the assigned employee.
If use by more than one employee is required, the respirator will
be cleaned between uses.
3.8.6 Compressed Air System: Special precautions will be taken to
assure breathing quality air when an air line respirator of SCBA
is to be used. This air will meet the specifications for Grade D
Air established by the Compressed Gas Association as stated
in Commodity Specification for Air (ASNSI/CGAG-7.1), 1989.
Cylinders of purchased breathing air must have a certificate of
analysis from the supplier that the air meets Grade D
requirements. The moisture content in the cylinder must not
o
exceed a dew point of -50 F at 1 atmosphere pressure. For air
from compressors, the moisture content must be minimized so
o
that the dew point at l atmosphere pressure is at least 10 F
below the ambient temperature.
## 3.9 Program Evaluation:
3.9.1 The workplace will be reviewed and evaluated at least every 12
months (the program administrator can establish more frequent
evaluations/assessments) to ensure that the written respiratory
protection program is being properly implemented and to consult
employees to ensure that they are using the respirators
properly.
3.9.2 A written report will be made of each evaluation, summarizing
the findings. For each deficiency identified, corrective action
taken will be noted.
---
| Safety Manual
Therma Fall Protection Program | |
| --- | --- |
| | Effective:06-99 |
| Policy Section No.:35 | Revision Date:08-15 |
| Revision No.:3 | Page No.:1 of 14 |
## Fall Protection Program
## 1.
## OBJECTIVE:
1.2 The objective of the Therma’s Fall Protection Program is to identify
and evaluate fall hazards to which employees will be exposed, and to
provide specific training as required by the Occupational Safety and
Health Administration (OSHA) Fall Protection Standard, 29 CFR 1926,
Subpart M**.**
## 2.
## POLICY:
2.1 It is the policy of **Therma’s to** protect its employees from occupational
injuries by implementing and enforcing safe work practices and appointing
a competent person(s) to manage the Fall Protection Program. The
***Therma*** Fall Protection Program shall comply with the OSHA
requirements. A copy of the OSHA Fall Protection Standard shall be made
available to all employees, and may be obtained from the Safety
Department.
*2.2* Fall Protection is required when ever employees are exposed to any fall
from heights of (6) six feet or greater to lower levels. This includes work
near and around excavations.
**3. ASSIGNMENT OF RESPONSIBILITY:**
## 3.1 Employer:
3.1.1 It is the responsibility of Therma to provide fall protection to
affected employees, and to ensure that all employees understand
and adhere to the procedures of this plan.
## 3.2 Program Manager:
3.2.1 The Safety Department Manager is responsible for implementation
of the Fall Protection Program.
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3.2.2 The Safety Department Manager or his/her designated
representative is responsible for the following:
a. Performing routine safety checks of work operations.
b. Enforcing Therma safety policy and procedures.
c. Correcting any unsafe practices or conditions immediately.
d. Training employees and supervisors in recognizing fall
hazards and the use of fall protection systems.
e. Maintaining records of employee training, equipment issue,
and fall protection systems used at Therma jobsites.
f. Investigating and documenting all incidents that result in
employee injury.
3.2.3 The EH & S Manager and/or his/her representative shall be
adequately trained in Fall Protection Systems use, care and
inspection.
## 3.3 Supervisors:
3.3.1 It is the responsibility of all supervisors to:
a. Inspect jobsites daily for fall hazards.
b. Ensure field compliance with the written program.
c. Enforcement of program requirements.
d. Ensuring employees are working in a safe manner when
exposed to any and all fall hazards.
## 3.4 Employees:
3.4.1 It is the responsibility of all employees to:
a. Understand and adhere to the procedures outlined in this
Fall Protection Program.
b. Bring to management’s attention any unsafe or hazardous
conditions or practices that may cause injury to either
themselves or any other employees.
c. Report any incident that causes injury to an employee,
regardless of the nature of the injury.
## 4.
## TRAINING:
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4.1 All employees who may be exposed to fall hazards are required to receive
training on how to recognize such hazards, and how to minimize their
exposure to them. Employees shall receive training as soon after
employment as possible, and before they are required to work in areas
where fall hazards exist.
4.2 A record of employees who have received training and training dates shall
be maintained by the Safety Department. Training of employees by the
Safety Department shall include:
4.2.1 Nature of the fall hazards employees may be exposed to.
4.2.2 Correct procedures for erecting, maintaining, disassembling, and
inspecting fall protection systems.
4.2.3 Use and operation of controlled access zones, guardrails, personal
fall arrest systems, safety nets, warning lines, and safety
monitoring systems.
4.2.4 Role of each employee in the Safety Monitoring System (if one is
used).
4.2.5 Correct procedures for equipment, materials handling, storage, and
erection of overhead protection.
4.2.6 Role of each employee in alternative Fall Protection Plans (if
used).
4.2.7 Requirements of the OSHA Fall Protection Standard, 29 CFR
1926, Subpart M.
4.2.8 ***Therma’s*** requirements for reporting incidents that cause injury to
an employee.
4.3 Additional training shall be provided on an annual basis, or as needed
when changes are made to this Fall Protection Program, an alternative Fall
Protection Plan, or the OSHA Fall Protection Standard.
4.4 Retraining of the employee shall be conducted when:
4.4.1 Deficiencies in the original training has been noted, changes in the
work places occur, and/or, fall protection systems or equipment
change that render previous training obsolete.
4.5 Fall protection training documentation shall include:
4.5.1 Who was trained, training dates and instructor signature.
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4.6 Training certification(s) expire after (3) years from the original training
date.
## 5
## CONTROLLED ACCESS ZONES:
5.1 Therma employees are prohibited from entering controlled access zones.
5.2 Controlled access zones shall be defined by control lines consisting of
ropes, wires, tapes, or equivalent material with supporting stanchions, and
shall be:
5.3.1 Flagged with a high-visibility material at six (6) foot intervals.
5.3.2 Rigged and supported so that the line is between 30 and 50 inches
(including sag) from the walking / working surface.
5.3.3 Strong enough to sustain stress of at least 200 pounds.
5.3.4 Extended along the entire length of an unprotected or leading edge.
5.3.5 Parallel to the unprotected or leading edge.
5.3.6 Connected on each side to a guardrail system or wall.
5.3.7 Erected between six (6) feet and 25 feet from an unprotected edge,
except in the following cases:
a. When working with precast concrete members, between
six (6) feet and 60 feet from the leading edge, or half the
length of the member being erected, whichever is less.
b. When performing overhand bricking or related work,
between ten (10) feet and 15 feet from the working edge.
## 6.
## EXCAVATIONS:
6.1 Fall protection will be provided to employees working at the edge of an
excavation that is six (6) feet or deeper. Employees in these areas are
required to use the fall protection systems as designated in this program.
6.1.1 Excavations that are six (6) feet or deeper shall be protected by
guardrail systems, fences, barricades, or covers.
6.1.2 Walkways that allow employees to cross over an excavation that is
six (6) feet or deeper shall be equipped with guardrails.
## 7.
## FALL PROTECTION SYSTEMS:
## 7.1 Covers:
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7.1.1 All covers shall be secured to prevent accidental displacement.
7.1.2 Covers shall be color-coded or bear the markings “HOLE” or
“COVER”.
7.1.3 Covers located in roadways shall be able to support twice the axle
load of the largest vehicle that might cross them.
7.1.4 Covers shall be able to support twice the weight of employees,
equipment, and materials that might cross them.
## 7.2
## Guardrail Systems:
7.2.1 Guardrail systems shall be erected at unprotected edges, ramps,
runways, or holes where it is determined that erecting such systems
will not cause an increased hazard to employees. The following
specifications will be followed in the erection of guardrail systems.
Toprails shall be:
a. At least ¼ inch in diameter (steel or plastic banding is
unacceptable).
b. Flagged every six (6) feet or less with a high visibility
material if wire rope is used.
c. Forty-two (42) inches (plus or minus three (3) inches)
above the walking/working level.
d. Adjusted to accommodate the height of stilts, if they are in
use.
7.2.2 Midrails, screens, mesh, intermediate vertical members, and solid
panels shall be erected in accordance with the OSHA Fall
Protection Standard.
7.2.3 Gates or removable guardrail sections shall be placed across
openings of hoisting areas or holes when they are not in use to
prevent access.
## 7.3 Personal Fall Arrest Systems:
7.3.1 Personal fall arrest systems shall be issued to and used by
employees and may consist of an ANSI certified full-body
---
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harness, anchorage, connectors, deceleration device, lifeline, or
suitable combinations. Personal fall arrest systems shall:
a. Limit the maximum arresting force to 1800 pounds.
b. Be rigged so an employee cannot free fall more than six (6)
feet or contact any lower level and, where practicable, the
anchor end of the lanyard shall be secured at a level not
lower than the employee's waist.
c. Bring an employee to a complete stop and limit the
maximum deceleration distance traveled to three and a half
(3 ½) feet.
d. Be strong enough to withstand twice the potential impact
energy of an employee free falling six (6) feet (or the free
fall distance permitted by the system, whichever is less).
e. Be inspected prior to each use for damage and
deterioration.
f. Be removed from service if any damaged components are
detected.
7.3.2 All components of a fall arrest system including descent control,
and rescue equipment shall meet the specifications of the OSHA
Fall Protection Standard, and shall be used in accordance with the
manufacturer’s recommendations.
a. The use of non-locking snaphooks is prohibited.
b. Dee-rings and locking snaphooks shall:
1. Have a minimum tensile strength of 5000 pounds.
2. Be proof-tested to a minimum tensile load of 3600
pounds without cracking, breaking, or suffering
permanent deformation.
c. Lifelines shall be:
1. Designed, installed, and used under the supervision
of the Safety Department:
## of the Safety Department:
2. Protected against cuts and abrasions.
3. Equipped with horizontal lifeline connection
devices capable of locking in both directions on the
lifeline when used on suspended scaffolds or similar
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work platforms that have horizontal lifelines that
may become vertical lifelines.
d. Self-retracting lifelines and lanyards must have ropes and
straps (webbing) made of synthetic fibers, and shall:
1. Sustain a minimum tensile load of 3600 pounds if
they automatically limit free fall distance to two (2)
feet.
2. Sustain a minimum tensile load of 5000 pounds
(includes ripstitch, tearing, and deforming lanyards).
e. Anchorages must support at least 5000 pounds per person
attached and shall be:
1. Capable of supporting twice the weight expected to
be imposed on it.
2. Independent of any anchorage used to support or
suspend platforms.
## 7.4 Positioning Device Systems:
7.4.1 Body belt or body harness systems shall be set up so that an
employee can free fall no farther than two (2) feet, and shall be
secured to an anchorage capable of supporting twice the potential
impact load or 3000 pounds, whichever is greater. Requirements
for snaphooks, dee-rings, and other connectors are the same as
detailed in this Program under ***Personal Fall Arrest Systems****.*
## 7.5 Safety Monitoring Systems:
7.5.1 In situations when no other fall protection can be implemented, the
safety monitor shall be appointed to monitor the activities of
employees in the hazard area. The safety monitor shall be:
a. Competent in the recognition of fall hazards.
b. Capable of warning workers of fall hazard dangers.
c. Operating on the same walking / working surfaces as the
employees and able to see them.
d. Close enough to work operations to communicate orally
with employees.
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e. Free of other job duties that might distract them from the
monitoring function.
7.5.2 No employees other than those engaged in the work being
performed under the Safety Monitoring System shall be allowed in
the area. All employees under a Safety Monitoring System are
required to promptly comply with the fall hazard warnings of the
EH & S Manager.
## 7.6 Safety Net Systems:
7.6.1 Safety net systems must be installed no more than 30 feet below
the walking / working surface with sufficient clearance to prevent
contact with the surface below, and shall be installed with
sufficient vertical and horizontal distances as described in the
OSHA Fall Protection Standard.
7.6.2 All nets shall be inspected at least once a week for wear, damage,
or deterioration by a competent person. Defective nets shall be
removed from use and replaced with acceptable nets.
7.6.3 All nets shall be in compliance with mesh, mesh crossing, border
rope, and connection specifications as described in the OSHA Fall
Protection Standard.
7.6.4 When nets are used on bridges, the potential fall area from the
walking / working surface shall remain unobstructed.
7.6.5 Objects that have fallen into safety nets shall be removed as soon
as possible and at least before the next working shift.
## 7.7 Warning Line Systems:
7.7.1 Warning line systems consisting of supporting stanchions and
ropes, wires, or chains shall be erected around all sides of roof
work areas.
7.7.2 Lines shall be flagged at no more than six (6) foot intervals with
high-visibility materials.
7.7.3 The lowest point of the line (including sag) shall be between 34
and 39 inches from the walking / working surface.
7.7.4 Stanchions of warning line systems shall be capable of resisting at
least 16 pounds of force.
7.7.5 Ropes, wires, or chains must have a minimum tensile strength of
500 pounds.
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7.7.6 Warning line systems shall be erected at least six (6) feet from the
edge, except in areas where mechanical equipment is in use. When
mechanical equipment is in use, warning line systems shall be
erected at least six (6) feet from the parallel edge, and at least ten
(10) feet from the perpendicular edge.
## 8 TASKS AND WORK AREAS REQUIRING FALL PROTECTION:
8.1 Unless otherwise specified, Safety Department shall evaluate the
worksite(s) and determine the specific type(s) of fall protection to be used
in the following situations.
## 8.1.1 Framework and Reinforcing Steel:
a. Fall protection will be provided when an employee is
climbing or moving at a height of over 24 feet when
working with rebar assemblies.
## 8.1.2 Hoist Areas:
a. Guardrail systems or personal fall arrest systems will be
used in hoist areas when an employee may fall six (6) feet
or more. If guardrail systems must be removed for hoisting,
employees are required to use personal fall arrest systems.
## 8.1.3 Holes:
a. Covers or guardrail systems shall be erected around holes.
**8.1.4 Leading Edges:**
a. Guardrail systems, safety net systems, or personal
fall arrest systems shall be used when employees are
constructing a leading edge that is six (6) feet or more
above lower levels. An alternative Fall Protection
Plan shall be used if the Safety Department
determines that the implementation of conventional
fall protection systems is infeasible or creates a
greater hazard to employees. All alternative Fall
Protection Plans for work on leading edges shall:
1. Be written specific to the particular jobsite needs.
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2. Include explanation of how conventional fall
protection is infeasible or creates a greater hazard to
employees.
3. Explain what alternative fall protection will be used
for each task.
4. Be maintained in writing at the jobsite.
5. Meet the requirements of 29 CFR 1926.502(k).
## 8.1.5 Steep Roofs:
a. Guardrail systems with toeboards, safety net systems, or
personal fall arrest systems will be provided to employees
working on a steep roof with unprotected sides and edges
six (6) feet or more above lower levels.
## 8.1.6 Wall Openings:
a Guardrail systems, safety net systems, or a personal fall
arrest system will be provided to employees working on, at,
above or near wall openings when the outside bottom edge
of the wall opening is six (6) feet or more than 39 inches
above the walking / working surface.
## 8.1.7 Runways, and Other Walkways:
a. Employees using ramps, runways, and other walkways six
(6) feet or more above the lower level shall be protected by
guardrail systems.
## 9.
## PROTECTION FROM FALLING OBJECTS:
9.1 When guardrail systems are in use, the openings shall be small enough to
prevent potential passage of falling objects. The following procedures
must be followed by all employees to prevent hazards associated with
falling objects.
9.1.1 No materials (except masonry and mortar) shall be stored within
four (4) feet of working edges.
9.1.2 Excess debris shall be removed regularly to keep work areas clear.
9.1.3 Stacked materials must be stable and self-supporting.
9.1.4 Canopies shall be strong enough to prevent penetration by falling
objects.
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9.1.5 Toeboards erected along the edges of overhead walking / working
surfaces shall be:
a. Capable of withstanding a force of at least 50 pounds; and
solid with a minimum of three and a half (3 ½) inches tall
and no more than one quarter (1/4) inch clearance above
the walking /working surface.
9.2 Equipment shall not be piled higher than the toeboard unless sufficient
paneling or screening has been erected above the toeboard.
## 10. RESCUE:
10.1 A rescue plan shall be developed when employees are exposed to fall
hazards and the possibility exists for the deployment personal fall arrest
systems. Prompt rescue is critical in order to minimize the risk of serious
injury to fallen personnel.
10.1.1 Employees shall be instructed in the methods self rescue. These
methods may include:
a. Rescues from ladder.
b. Rescues from scissor lift.
c. Rescues from boom lift.
10.1.2 The rescue plan shall also include the method to summons external
emergency medical services for assistance in the event self rescue
is not effective or appropriate should the employee become injured
during the fall.
## 11. ACCIDENT INVESTIGATIONS:
11.1 All incidents that result in injury to workers, as well as near misses,
regardless of their nature, shall be reported and investigated. Investigations
shall be conducted by the EH & S Manager as soon after an incident as
possible to identify the cause and means of prevention to eliminate the risk
of reoccurrence.
11.2 In the event of such an incident, the Fall Protection Program (and alternative Fall
Protection Plans, if in place) shall be re-evaluated by the EH & S
Manager *to* determine if additional practices, procedures, or training are
necessary to prevent similar future incidents.
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## 12. CHANGES TO THE PLAN:
12.1 Any changes to the Fall Protection Program (and alternative Fall
Protection Plans, if in place) shall be approved by the EH & S Manager,
and shall be reviewed by a qualified person as the job progresses to
determine additional practices, procedures or training needs necessary to
prevent fall injuries. Affected employees shall be notified of all procedure
changes, and trained if necessary. A copy of this plan, and any additional
alternative Fall Protection Plans, shall be maintained at the jobsite.
## 13. GLOSSARY:
**13.1** Anchorage: a secure point of attachment for lifelines, lanyards, or
deceleration devices.
**13.2** Body belt: a strap with means both for securing it about the waist and for
attaching it to a lanyard, lifeline, or deceleration device.
**13.3** Body harness: straps that may be secured about the person in a manner
that distributes the fall-arrest forces over at least the thighs, pelvis, waist,
chest, and shoulders with a means for attaching the harness to other
components of a personal fall arrest system.
**13.4** Connector: A device that is used to couple (connect) parts of a personal
fall arrest system or positioning device system together.
**13.5** Controlled access zone: a work area designated and clearly marked in
which certain types of work (such as overhand bricklaying) may take place
without the use of conventional fall protection systems (guardrail, personal
arrest, or safety net) to protect the employees working in the zone.
**13.6** Deceleration device: any mechanism, such as a rope, grab, ripstitch
lanyard, specially-woven lanyard, tearing lanyard, deforming lanyard, or
automatic self-retracting lifeline/lanyard, which serves to dissipate a
substantial amount of energy during a fall arrest, or otherwise limits the
energy imposed on an employee during fall arrest.
**13.7** Deceleration distance: the additional vertical distance a falling person
travels, excluding lifeline elongation and free fall distance, before
stopping, from the point at which a deceleration device begins to operate.
**13.8** Guardrail system: a barrier erected to prevent employees from falling to
lower levels.
**13.9** Hole: a void or gap two (2) inches (5.1 centimeters) or more in the least
dimension in a floor, roof, or other walking/working surface.
**13.10** Lanyard: a flexible line of rope, wire rope, or strap that generally has a
connector at each end for connecting the body belt or body harness to a
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deceleration device, lifeline, or anchorage**.**
**13.11** Leading edge: the edge of a floor, roof, or formwork for a floor or other
walking/ working surface (such as a deck) which changes location as
additional floor, roof, decking, or formwork sections are placed, formed,
or constructed.
**13.12** Lifeline: a component consisting of a flexible line for connection to an
anchorage at one end to hang vertically (vertical lifeline), or for connection
to anchorages at both ends to stretch horizontally (horizontal lifeline), that
serves as a means for connecting other components of a personal fall arrest
system to an anchorage.
**13.13** Low slope roof: a roof having a slope less than or equal to 4 in 12
(vertical to horizontal).
**13.14** Opening: a gap or void 30 inches (76 centimeters) or more high and 18
inches (46 centimeters) or more wide, in a wall or partition through which
employees can fall to a lower level.
**13.15** Personal fall arrest system: a system including but not limited to an
anchorage, connectors, and a body harness used to arrest an employee in a
fall from a working level.
**13.16** Positioning device system: a body belt or body harness system rigged to
allow an employee to be supported on an elevated vertical surface, such as
a wall, and work with both hands free while leaning backwards.
**13.17** Rope grab: a deceleration device that travels on a lifeline and
automatically, by friction, engages the lifeline and locks to arrest a fall.
**13.18** Safety monitoring system: a safety system in which a competent person
is responsible for recognizing and warning employees of fall hazards.
**13.19** Self-retracting lifeline/lanyard: a deceleration device containing a drumwound line which can be slowly extracted from, or retracted onto, the
drum under minimal tension during normal employee movement and
which, after onset of fall, automatically locks the drum and arrests the fall.
**13.20** Snaphook: a connector consisting of a hook-shaped member with a
normally closed keeper, or a similar arrangement, which may be opened to
permit the hook to receive an object and, when released automatically,
closes to retain the object.
**13.21 Steep roof**: a roof having a slope greater than 4 in 12 (vertical to
horizontal).
**13.22** Toeboard: a low protective barrier that prevents material and equipment
from falling to lower levels and which protects personnel from falling.
**13.23** Unprotected sides and edges: any side or edge (except at entrances to
points of access) of a walking / working surface (e.g., floor, roof, ramp, or
runway) where there is no wall or guardrail system at least 39 inches (1 meter)
high.
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**13.24** Walking/working surface: any surface, whether horizontal or vertical, on
which an employee walks or works, including but not limited to floors,
roofs, ramps, bridges, runways, formwork, and concrete reinforcing steel.
Does not include ladders, vehicles, or trailers on which employees must be
located to perform their work duties.
**13.25** Warning line system: a barrier erected on a roof to warn employees that
they are approaching an unprotected roof side or edge and which
designates an area in which roofing work may take place without the use
of guardrail, body belt, or safety net systems to protect employees in the
area.
---
| Safety Manual
Ladder Safety Program | |
| --- | --- |
| | Effective:06-99 |
| Policy Section No.:42 | Revision Date:01-16 |
| Revision No.:3 | Page No.:1 of5 |
## Ladder Safety Program
## 1
## Purpose and Scope:
1.1 The purpose and scope of this document is to put forth the regulations
regarding Ladder Safety procedures and training at Therma. CFR
1926. 1950-1960 Subpart X contains specific information on these
rules. All employees who might be expected to use a ladder during the
course of work should be familiar with this document. This policy
covers all types of ladders, including step, extension, and fixed
ladders. Ladder users must be able to recognize and avoid ladder
hazards and be aware of safe practices in setting up, storing, moving
and working from this equipment.
## 2
## Responsibility:
2.1 It is the responsibility of all Supervisors to assure that all employees
that may use a ladder read and understand this document. This
document is included in new hire orientation training material.
2.2 It is the responsibility of all Supervisors to provide basic ladder training
safety information to those employees who have not been previously
trained.
2.3 It is the responsibility of all Supervisors to assure that all ladders being
used at Therma are free from defects and all moving parts are working
properly.
2.4 It is the responsibility of all Safety Department to maintain records on
ladder training.
## 3
## Policy:
3.1 Only Class 1A (rated 300 pounds) fiberglass step and extension
ladders shall be used.
3.2 All Therma employees who use ladders shall have Ladder Safety
Training during New Employee Orientation.
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3.3 Ladder Safety Training will consist of recognition of possible hazards
associated with ladder use, inspection, proper maintenance and safety
precautions to be taken when using ladders.
3.4 Ladders shall only be used for the purpose in which they were
designed.
3.5 Ladders shall be inspected by the Tool Room before dispatched to the
field.
3.6 All employees who use ladders at Therma must inspect them for
defects or possible hazards before the ladders are used. Ladders must
be maintained free of grease, oil, and other slipping hazards. Ladders
with loose parts or faulty rungs should be taken out of service
immediately.
3.7 Ladders shall be inspected on an annual basis by the company’s
designated “competent” person.
3.8 Ladders that are taken out of service should be tagged "Defective" and
removed from the work area and sent to the Tool Room for repair or
disposal.
3.9 In the event a ladder is involved in an incident that may affect safe
operation, it shall be immediately removed from service and sent to the
tool room for inspection. Only after it has been inspected by the
company’s competent person shall it be placed back into service.
3.10 Therma employees shall only work from step ladders, extension
ladders and fixed ladders that are vendor supplied. Job-made ladders
are not approved for use. Ladders rungs, cleats, and steps shall be
uniformly spaced when the ladder is in position for use.
3.11 Safety Ladder Setup:
3.11.1 Inspect ladders for defects. Ensure the ladder is rated for
the intended use.
3.11.2 Ensure the ladder shall not be loaded beyond its rated
weight capacity.
3.11.3 All ladders must be placed on a stable level surface.
3.11.4 Do not set ladders on boxes, blocks or other objects that
might move.
3.11.5 Do not lean or reach out while standing on ladders.
3.11.6 Secure ladders whenever a danger of slippage might
occur.
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3.11.7 Do not use ladders in high wind or during inclement
weather conditions.
3.11.8 Never set up ladders in front of or around doors, unless
the door is posted or locked.
3.11.9 Do not sit on ladders.
3.11.10 Use safety boots when climbing a ladder.
3.12 Climbing and Standing on Ladders Safely:
3.12.1 Always face a ladder when climbing up or down.
3.12.2 Do not carrying materials or tools when climbing a ladder.
Climb the ladder first then pull up the materials with a rope.
Maintain “3-point contact” rule.
3.12.4 Do not climb onto a ladder from the side.
3.12.3 Rungs and steps should be clear of grease, oil, wet paint,
snow, and ice before climbing.
3.12.5 Do not slide down a ladder.
3.12.6 Climb or stand on a ladder with your feet in the center of
the rung.
3.12.7 Do not stand on the top two rungs or top of a stepladder.
## 3.13
## Proper Use and Care of Ladders:
3.13.1 Never use metal ladders near exposed electrical wires.
3.13.2 Place warning signs or setup barriers around a ladder
before use.
3.13.3 Do not move a ladder while someone is on it.
3.13.4 Never use a ladder when under the influence of alcohol or
prescription medications.
3.13.5 Do not leave tools or materials on top of ladders.
3.13.6 Only one person should be on a ladder at a time.
3.13.7 Do not use a ladder on a scaffold.
3.13.8 Do not try to rock a ladder to move it.
3.13.9 Store wood ladders where they will not be exposed to the
elements.
3.13.10 Make sure ladders are properly secured when transported.
3.13.11 Do not paint ladders. Painting could hide potentially
dangerous defects.
3.13.12 Remove defective ladders from service.
## 3.14
## Step Ladder Safety:
3.14.1 Never use a stepladder over 20 feet in length.
3.14.2 Always open a stepladder completely and make sure the
spreader is locked before use.
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 3 | 42 | 4 of 5 |
3.14.3 Do not stand higher than the second step from the top of a
step ladder.
3.14.4 Do not straddle a stepladder.
## 3.15
## Extension Ladder Safety:
3.15.1 The sections of an extension ladder should overlap
enough to retain the strength of the ladder.
3.15.2 Never splice or tie two short ladders together.
3.15.3 When using a ladder for access to a landing, it must
extend 3 rungs or 3 feet above the landing. If the ladder
can not be extended above the landing surface, it shall be
secured at its top to a rigid support that will not deflect.
3.15.4 To establish the proper climbing angle, use the 4:1 ratio.
For every 4’ of vertical height, the ladder based shall be 1’
from the face of the building (climbing surface).
3.15.5 The top of an extension ladder should rest against a flat,
firm surface.
3.15.6 Elevate and extend these extension ladders only from the
ground.
3.15.7 When practical, secure extension ladders at both the base
and the top.
## 3.16
## Extension Ladder Setup:
3.16.1 Inspect the area for overhead obstruction. Be sure there
are no electrical wires present.
3.16.2 Lay the ladder on the ground when it is collapsed.
3.16.3 Have someone foot the ladder or make sure it is braced
against something.
3.16.4 Pick up the ladder and walk it to an upright position,
making sure it will not be obstructed by trees or wires.
3.16.5 Slide the bottom of the ladder outwards to the proper
angle and set the feet correctly.
3.16.6 Then extend the ladder by pulling the extension line.
3.16.7 Make sure the rungs on the upper half of the ladder are
properly secured by the locking mechanism.
3.16.8 Secure the rungs from the fly section to the rungs of the
bed section with the lanyard or separate rope prior to
climbing.
3.16.9 Tie the ladder off or have someone steady the ladder as
you climb it.
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 3 | 42 | 5 of 5 |
## 3.17
## Fixed Ladder Safety:
3.17.1 Fixed ladders must be secured to the object they are
attached to.
3.17.2 Fixed ladders over 20 feet must have a safety cage
surrounding the ladder.
3.17.3 The safety cage should have 15" clearance to all points
from the center.
$$
15^{n}
$$
3.17.4 Defects in fixed ladders should be repaired as soon as
possible.
3.17.5 When a defect is not repairable the ladder must be taken
out of service.
---
Policy Section No.:43
Revision No.:
**Effective**: 06-99
Revision Date:
Page No.: **1 of 10**
## THERMA
## FORKLIFT
## SAFETY TRAINING
**OUR PRIORITIES:**
**1. SAFETY**
**2. QUALITY**
**3. SCHEDULE**
“No job is so important that it may be performed without
regard for safety, health and the environment.”
GOLIATH/L:/SAFETY/WINWORD/FORKLIFT.DOC*,REVISION2,9/99*
**SAFETY, A THERMA WAY OF LIFE:**
As with all job functions at THERMA, equipment operation is an important part of
the service we provide to our customers. Because the operation of powered
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | 34 | 2 of 10 |
industrial fork lift equipment is inherently dangerous, it’s important to be sure that
safety is first and foremost in our minds any time we climb onto a piece of
machinery.
## DANGEROUS AT ANY SPEED:
Operating equipment in an unsafe manner is one of the major causes of injury
and death in the construction industry. Fork lift machines account for a large
number of these accidents.
## 1. SAFETY, 2. QUALITY, 3. SCHEDULE:
In our business our customers expect, and should receive, only the *best, most*
*professional* work available. The safest possible methods and professionalism go
hand in hand. A professional that knows how to operate a fork lift safely also
knows that the **safe** operation of any piece of equipment is also the **fastest**,
most professional way to work. Unsafe operations and short cuts are a sure way
to increase accidents, injuries, and costs on a job. A remarkable thing occurs
when safety is thought of **first**. The job is always of the best quality and is
completed in the fastest, most economical way!
## SAFETY IS JOB #1:
The long-standing commitment of THERMA to safety extends to certification of
operators of fork lift equipment. THERMA personnel must realize that as leaders
in our industry, it’s imperative that we continue to lead in the field of safety.
## PERSONNAL COMMITMENT:
The commitment of THERMA to safety is meaningless unless each individual is
at least equal in his or her commitment. As an equipment operator you are one
of the most highly visible people on any job site. Others on the job will look to
you as an example of how safe or unsafe a company is. When others see you
operating safely they will know that you are a professional, working for a
professional company.
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | 34 | 3 of 10 |
## CONTENTS
SUBJECT .....SECTION
Responsibilities ..... 1
Types of Machines ..... 2
Lifting Capacities ..... 3
Inspections ..... 4
Operation ..... 5
Fueling/Charging ..... 6
**1.** RESPONSIBILITIES: **Responsibilities** for the safe operation of these
machines lie in three categories:
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| --- | --- | --- |
| | 34 | 4 of 10 |
• **Manufacturer.**
• **Employer.**
• **Operator.**
**1.1 Manufacturer:** The manufacturer is required to produce a machine that
meets all safety rules and regulations. The **dealer** provides
a machine that is safe to operate and meets all laws, rules
and regulations.
**1.2 Employer:** The employer provides the safest possible work site,
enforces the rules and regulations covering the site and
the type of work done, and makes sure that all personnel
are trained for the type of work they are performing,
including the operation of equipment.
**1.3 Operator:** The operator is responsible for the operating condition of
the equipment, and insures that the operation of the
equipment will not endanger personnel on and around the
equipment. Before the operator uses an unfamiliar
machine for the first time, he/she will read and understand
the operator’s manual. The operator is responsible for a
pre-operation inspection of his/her equipment and the
work site. When confronted with an unsafe condition or the
unsafe actions of personnel on or around the equipment,
the operator is to cease operations at once, and only
resume when the unsafe conditions or actions are
corrected.
***It is a violation of company policy for any employee to operate equipment***
***they are not certified for!***
**2.** TYPES OF MACHINES: There are several different types of **powered**
**industrial fork lifts** designed to lift materials to different work heights. These
are:
• **STANDARD FORK LIFT.**
• **“GRADALL” LIFT.**
• **SPECIALIZED LIFT.**
**2.1 STANDARD FORK LIFT.** This machine is the one we visualize when
we think of a fork lift. It has several distinctive characteristics:
**2.1.1** Tilt-able mast assembly with lifting forks.
**2.1.2** Four wheel design.
**2.1.3** Rear wheel steering.
**2.1.4** Driver Overhead Protection Service (OPS).
**2.1.5** Automobile-like controls.
**2.1.6** Conventional operator seating position.
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**2.1.7** Smooth, hard wheels, designed for hard surface operation.
## 2.2 “GRADALL”-TYPE FORK LIFT. This machine differs from the standard fork lift machines in that:
**2.2.1** The Boom that supports the lifting forks allows the material
handling portion of the lift to extend beyond the support chassis.
**2.2.2** The forks will reach over obstructions on the working surface.
**2.2.3** It has a sophisticated suspension system that allows operation on
uneven ground.
**2.3 SPECIALIZED FORK LIFT.** These machines are very similar to the
standard lift truck with these additional features:
**2.3.1** They have specialized attachments for handling specific types of
materials (rolled steel, pipe, barrels, etc).
**2.3.2** They have characteristics that allow them to operate in unique
environments (cold storage, explosive atmospheres, etc).
**2.3.3** The driver position is different from the conventional seated
position on standard trucks (the operator may stand or even raise
up with the work platform).
**2.4 SIMILARITIES.** Because the basic safe operating characteristics of these
machines are the same, they will be combined for the purposes of this
training:
**2.4.1 STANDARD FORK LIFTS** and **SPECIALIZED FORK LIFTS** will
be referred to as fork lifts.
**2.4.2 “GRADALL”-TYPE LIFTS** will be called gradalls.
**3.** INSPECTIONS. Prior to operating one of these machines **2 inspections** must
first be conducted: **JOB SITE AND EQUIPMENT.**
**3.1 JOB SITE.** This inspection should take place at the **beginning of each**
**shift**, or more often if conditions change during a shift. Operators should
look for any object or condition, which will inhibit the **safe operation** of
his/her machine. These include:
**3.1.1 Housekeeping.** The job site shall be reasonably clear of **trash**
and **debris**.
**3.1.2 Holes/Trenches.** Any **openings** in the floor should be covered
with bridge material capable of supporting 4 times the anticipated
weight that may pass over it. When openings are not covered, the
operator may not approach closer than 18” to the edge of the
opening.
**3.1.3 Floors.** Inspect for bumps, obstructions, and uneven conditions
that **could effect** the machine.
**3.1.4 Lighting.** The operator should be able to see well enough to
**safely operate** his machine. OSHA Regulations State that the
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minimum general lighting acceptable on construction sites is 5
foot candles. This is not much light to operate by, therefore
extreme caution is needed under these conditions. “Task”, or work
lighting is provided by THERMA and will be sufficient for the type
of work performed.
**3.1.5 Weather.** Wet floors, high wind and other weather related
conditions can be very **hazardous.** Always check for these
conditions before operating a lift.
**3.1.6 Overhead obstructions.** Never move a lift when there is danger
of striking an **overhead obstruction**. This can cause the machine
to turn over, and/or can cause damage to the object being struck.
**3.1.7 High voltage lines.** The minimum clearance for high voltage
lines of 50 kilovolts is 10’. Make sure you have **clearance** around
all electrical lines while operating.
**3.1.8 Foot traffic.** Watch for people **at all times**. On some machines
the driver can’t see people if they are directly behind them or are
obscured with a large load. Shouted warnings such as, “Coming
down!” will help make the job safer.
***Note: Remember that the operator is ultimately responsible for the***
***safe operation of their machines.***
**3.1.9 Any other condition** of the work site that might **adversely**
**impact** the safe operation of a fork lift will also cause the
immediate halt of operations until the unsafe conditions can be
eliminated or controlled.
**3.2 Machine inspection.** This inspection shall be conducted prior to the
**start** of the shift. *Any problems or malfunctions that could affect the safe*
*operation of the lift will be corrected prior to the operation of the lift.* The
pre-shift inspection shall include:
**3.2.1 Parking Brake:** The parking brake must be able to **hold** the
machine still on any surface the machine is capable of climbing.
**3.2.2 Service Brake:** Any condition of the service brake system that
effects the smooth operation of the lift will be cause to
immediately halt operations.
**3.2.3 Hydraulics/Batteries/Fuel:**
a. Leaks. Fluid levels. ***Note: Control and clean up any***
***leaks.***
b. Corrosion. ***Note: Acid is corrosive and precautions***
***must be taken.***
c. Cracked/split/frayed hoses.
**3.2.4 Operating controls:**
a. Operator controls – up, down, extend, retract, side shift,
forward, backward, turns, emergency stop.
**3.2.5 Chassis assembly:**
a. Cracks.
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| | 34 | 7 of 10 |
b. Loose parts.
c. Suspension.
*d.* Tires/wheels/lug nuts.
***NOTE: Tires on an axle must be of the same size and tread design, and are***
***foam filled.***
## 3.2.6 Lift mechanism/forks:
a. Leaks. ***Note: Control and clean up any leaks.***
b. Loose/worn parts.
c. Smooth operation.
d. Uneven forks.
**3.2.7 Labels/Operating Manuals:**
e. Loose/uneven hoist chains.
a. Placards.
b. Pinch points.
c. Warnings.
d. Manuals.
e. Identification plate.
f. Control markings.
3.3 Once it has been determined by job site and machine inspection that it is
safe to operate the machine, proceed.
**4.** LIFTING CAPACITIES. These vehicles are designed to do one thing:
## 4.1 TRANSPORT MATERIALS.
**4.1.1** Whether it’s loading or unloading trucks, moving a stack from one
spot to the next, or setting equipment in place, these machines
will do it. There are some things they are not designed for:
a. Lifting/Transporting people.
b. Towing/Pulling other vehicles.
c. Opening/Closing sliding doors, particularly railroad car
doors.
**4.2** In order to properly lift a load the operator will first determine:
**4.2.1** The weight of materials being lifted does not exceed the rated
capacity of the machine.
**4.2.2** The load is evenly distributed and properly secured.
**4.2.3** The ground the machine will be operated on meet the
requirements for that machine.
**4.2.4** The machine has been inspected prior to operation on that shift.
**4.3** At least one of the workers is an operator certified for the machine he/she
is on.
**4.4** The rated capacity may be found in the **operator’s manual** and the **load**
**capacity plate**. If either of these are missing, the machine may not be
operated.
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | 34 | 8 of 10 |
## 4.5 MATERIALS.
**4.5.1 Materials** that do not overload the machine when combined with
**personnel** and **tools** may be lifted.
**4.5.2 Materials** that interfere with the safe operation of the machine
may not be lifted.
**4.5.3 Materials** must be secured from tipping, spilling, or falling.
**4.5.4** Avoid lifting **materials** on the railings.
**4.5.5** Never exceed the **rated capacity** of the railings.
**4.5.6** Remember that load capacities may be found in the **operator’s**
**manual** and on the **load capacity plate**.
**4.5.7** “**High-Jacks**” or other equipment designed to lift material should
be used for lifting **materials**.
**4.5.8** Only manufacturer approved **attachments** may be used on a
machine.
## 4.6 TOOLS.
**4.6.1 Tools** that do not overload the machine when combined with
**materials** and **personnel** may be lifted.
**4.6.2 Tools** that interfere with the safe operation of the lift may not be
lifted.
**4.6.3** Never **throw** tools or materials up to or down from a lift.
**4.6.4** Potentially **hazardous equipment** (such as gas bottles on
welding rigs) must be secured prior to the operation of the
machine.
**4.6.5** When using **extension cords** and/or **gas hoses**, such as those
used on cutting and wielding rigs, exercise extreme caution to
prevent them from becoming entangled in the moving and
pinching parts of the machine.
**4.6.6** When using tools that throw or drop **sparks** or **hot material**,
protect the lower portions of the machine that could be damaged
such as batteries, hydraulic hoses, etc. ***Note: Batteries produce***
***hydrogen gas.*** (fire blankets can be used for shielding)
**4.6.7** When using tools that throw or drop sparks or hot material that
could possibly cause a fire, always use a “**fire watch**” person
down below.
***Note: The fire watch must extend ½ hour past the last “spark” or hot***
***work point.***
**4.6.8** Always check with your Foreman about “**Hot Work Permits**” on
your job site.
**5.** FUELING. The rules for fueling are as follows:
**5.1** Fuel machines in **designated** areas.
**5.3** Never fuel a machine with the engine running.
**5.2** Make sure your using the **proper** fuel for your machine.
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| | 34 | 9 of 10 |
**5.4** Never smoke or allow open **flame** around a machine that’s being
refueled.
**5.5** If acid or fuel gets into eyes, **rinse** thoroughly and obtain medical
attention.
**5.6** Gas and Diesel:
**5.6.1** Be sure the machine is properly grounded, and no static
electricity exists between the fuel filler and the tank.
**5.6.2 Ground** the nozzle to the fuel tank filler neck.
**5.6.3** Avoid **sparks.**
**5.6.4** Don’t **overfill** the tank. Clean up any spills immediately.
**5.7** Be sure the tank you’re filling is the **fuel tank!** Many times the hydraulic
tank is mistaken for the fuel tank. ***If this occurs, do not operate the***
***machine.***
## 5.8 Propane:
**5.8.1** If a machine will not be used an hour or more, **shut off** the
propane tank valve.
**5.8.2** Propane is **explosive**! Use extreme caution.
**5.8.3** Propane can cause **frostbite.** Use proper protective equipment.
**5.8.4** Propane gas is heavier than air and can **accumulate** in low areas.
**5.8.5** Only trained and **authorized** personnel are allowed to refill
propane tanks.
**5.8.6** Tanks are under extreme **pressure.** A ruptured tank becomes a
lethal rocket! Secure tanks when transporting them.
**5.9 Battery power**:
**5.9.1** If your machine is battery powered, charge the batteries in a well
**ventilated** area.
**5.9.2** Remember that charging batteries produces **explosive** gases.
**5.9.3** If battery acid or fuel gets on your skin or clothes, **rinse** off
thoroughly at once.
**6.** Congratulation! By completing this training session you are well on your way to
becoming a safe equipment operator. By applying what you have learned you will
be doing your part to control one of the main causes of accident and death on
construction sites.
**7.** These rules and regulations are a compilation of federal, state, and local, rules
and regulations. They are considered THERMA Company policy. They are
intended to insure the safest possible operation of aerial lift machines.
**8. Failure to follow these policies will be cause for disciplinary action up to**
**and including termination.**
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | 34 | 10 of 10 |
---
# FORKLIFT/GRADALL DAILY
# INSPECTION CHECKLIST
## To be completed DAILY by the operator or authorized person BEFORE each use.
| Make: | | Model: | | | Unit#: | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | Monday | Tuesday | Wednesday | Thursday | Friday | Saturday | Sunday |
| Date: | | | | | | | |
| Hour Meter Reading: | | | | | | | |
| Operator/Inspector: | | | | | | | |
## For each “Inspection Item,” indicate one of the following: P=Pass F=Fail N/A=Not Applicable M
| INSPECTION ITEM | M | T | W | Th | F | S | Su | Comments Explain F' |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Labels/Operator Manual | | | | | | | | |
| Chassis/Mast: Cracks, Welds, Deformation | | | | | | | | |
| Seatbelt Function | | | | | | | | |
| Wheels/Tires: Pressure, Cracks, Splits, Missing Lugs | | | | | | | | |
| Fluid Levels/Leaks: Oil, Fuel, Water, Battery(s), Hoses | | | | | | | | |
| Lights, Alarms, Horn, Backup Bell, Warning Lights | | | | | | | | |
| Mirrors, Gauges | | | | | | | | |
| Brakes: Operational, Parking | | | | | | | | |
| Steering, Lift Controls | | | | | | | | |
| Site: Holes/Drop-offs, Slopes, Grades, Uneven Surfaces | | | | | | | | |
| Site: Electrical, Water, Sprinkler, Chemical Lines | | | | | | | | |
| Site: Overhead Obstructions | | | | | | | | |
| Equipment and site are safe for operation | | | | | | | | |
Note: Any item not checked requires the unit be taken out of service until the problem is corrected.
**REPORT ALL DEFECTS TO YOUR SUPERVISOR/FOREMAN IMMEDIATLEY**
**General Comments:**
---
Standard Operating Procedure
Therma Self-Propelled Aerial Lift
Policy Section No.: 44
Revision No.:
**Effective**: 06-99
Revision Date:
Page No.: **1 of 17**
**THERMA**
**SELF-PROPELLED**
**AERIAL LIFT**
# INJURIES
## OUR PRIORITIES:
**1. SAFETY**
**2. QUALITY**
**3. SCHEDULE**
“No job is so important that it may be performed without
regard for safety, health and the environment.”
As with all job functions at THERMA, equipment operation is an important part of
the service we provide to our customers. Because the operation of self propelled
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | 44 | 2 of 17 |
aerial lift equipment is inherently dangerous, it’s important to be sure that safety
is first and foremost in our minds any time we climb onto a piece of machinery.
## DANGEROUS AT ANY SPEED:
Operating equipment in an unsafe manner is one of the major causes of injury
and death in the construction industry. Aerial lift machines account for a large
number of these accidents.
## 1. SAFETY, 2. QUALITY, 3. SCHEDULE:
In our business our customers expect, and should receive, only the *best, most*
*professional* work available. The safest possible methods and professionalism go
hand in hand. A professional that knows how to operate an aerial lift safely also
knows that the **safe** operation of any piece of equipment is also the **fastest**,
most professional way to work. Unsafe operations and short cuts are a sure way
to increase accidents, injuries, and costs on a job. A remarkable thing occurs
when safety is thought of **first**. The job is always of the best quality and is
completed in the fastest, most economical way!
## SAFETY IS JOB #1:
The long-standing commitment of THERMA to safety extends to certification of
operators of aerial lift equipment. THERMA personnel must realize that as
leaders in our industry, it’s imperative that we continue to lead in the field of
safety.
## PERSONAL COMMITMENT:
---
Revision No. Policy Section No. Page 44 **3 of 17** **CONTENTS**
## SUBJECT …………………………………………………………………SECTION
Responsibilities …………………………………………………………………. 1 Types of Machines ……………………………………………………………… 2 Lifting Capacities ……………………………………………………………….. 3 Inspections ………………………………………………………………………. 4 Operation ………………………………………………………………………… 5 Fueling/Charging ………………………………………………………………… 6
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | 44 | 4 of 17 |
## 1. RESPONSIBILITIES:
**Responsibilities** for the safe operation of these machines lie in three
categories:
• **Manufacturer.**
• **Employer.**
• **Operator.**
*It is a violation of company policy for any employee to operate equipment they*
*are not certified for!*
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | 44 | 5 of 17 |
2. TYPES OF MACHINES: There are several different types of **self propelled**
**platform lifts** designed to lift personnel and materials to different work heights.
These are:
• **SCISSORLIFT.**
• **BOOM SUPPORTED VERTICLE LIFT.**
• **BOOM TRUCK.**
• **ARTICULATED BOOM TRUCK.**
## 2.1 SCISSORLIFT/BOOM SUPPORTED VERTICLE LIFT. While they use
different lifting mechanisms, these lifts have several similar characteristics:
• Platform with guardrails.
• The platform raises vertically to operating height.
• The platform remains stationed over the lower chassis at all heights.
• Designed to operate on smooth, level surface.
**2.2 BOOM TRUCK.** This machine differs from the previous machines in that:
• The Boom that supports the lift allows the working platform to extend beyond
the support chassis.
• The work platform will reach over obstructions on the working surface.
• This type of truck will reach overhead areas a regular platform lift will not.
**2.3ARTICULATED BOOM TRUCK.** This machine is very similar to a Boom
Truck with these additional features:
• Because the support boom is hinged in several sections, it is able to reach
over obstacles that even the **BOOM TRUCK** won’t reach.
• It is also referred to as a **KNUCKLE BOOM TRUCK.**
**2.4SIMILARITIES.** Because the basic safe operating characteristics of these
machine are the same, they will be combined for the purposes of this training:
• **SCISSORLIFT** and **BOOM SUPPORTED VERTICLE LIFT** type machines will
be referred to, as **PLATFORM LIFTS**.
• **BOOM TRUCKS** and **ARTICULATED BOOM TRUCKS** will be referred to as
**BOOM TRUCKS**.
• Unless the selection specifies, the safe operation rules will apply to both
groups of machines.
## 3. LIFTING CAPACITIES. These vehicles are designed to lift three things:
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| | 44 | 6 of 17 |
• **WORKERS (primarily).**
• **TOOLS.**
• **MATERIALS**.
**3.1 WORKERS.** Any combination of workers may be lifted as long as:
**3.1 (a)** Their combined weight is evenly distributed over the platform.
**3.1 (b)** Their combined weight added to the weight of materials and tools also
being lifted does not exceed the rated capacity of the machine.
**3.1 (c)** At least one of the workers is an operator certified for the machine he/she
is on.
**3.1 (d)** The rated capacity may be found in the **operator’s manual** and the **load**
**capacity plate**. If either of these are missing, the machine may not be
operated.
**3.2 MATERIALS.**
**3.2 (a) Materials** that do not overload the machine when combined with
**personnel** and **tools** may be lifted.
**3.2 (b) Materials** that interfere with the safe operation of the machine may not
be lifted.
**3.2 (c) Materials** must be secured from tipping, spilling, or falling.
**3.2 (d)** Avoid lifting **materials** on the railings.
**3.2 (e)** Never exceed the **rated capacity** of the railings.
**3.2 (f)** Remember that load capacities may be found in the **operator’s manual**
and on the **load capacity plate**.
**3.2 (g)** “**High-Jacks**” or other equipment designed to lift material should be used
for lifting **materials**.
**3.2 (h)** Only manufacturer approved **attachments** may be used on a machine.
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | 44 | 7 of 17 |
## 3.3 TOOLS.
**3.3 (a) Tools** that do not overload the machine when combined with **materials**
and **personnel** may be lifted.
**3.3 (b) Tools** that interfere with the safe operation of the lift may not be lifted.
**3.3 (c)** Never **throw** tools or materials up to or down from a lift.
**3.3 (d)** Potentially **hazardous equipment** (such as gas bottles on welding rigs)
must be secured prior to the operation of the machine.
**3.3 (e)** When using **extension cords** and/or **gas hoses**, such as those used on
cutting and wielding rigs, exercise extreme caution to prevent them from
becoming entangled in the moving and pinching parts of the machine.
**3.3 (f)** When using tools that throw or drop **sparks** or **hot material**, protect the
lower portions of the machine that could be damaged such as batteries,
hydraulic hoses, etc. ***Note: Batteries produce hydrogen gas.*** (fire blankets
can be used for shielding)
**3.3 (g)** When using tools that throw or drop sparks or hot material that could
possibly cause a fire, always use a “**fire watch**” person down below.
***Note: The fire watch must extend ½ hour past the last “spark” or hot***
***work point.***
**3.3 (h)** Always check with your Foreman about “**Hot Work Permits**” on your job
site.
---
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| --- | --- | --- |
| | 44 | 8 of 17 |
4. INSPECTIONS. Prior to operating one of these machines **2 inspections** must
first be conducted:
• **JOB SITE.**
• **EQUIPMENT.**
**4.1 JOB SITE.** This inspection should take place at the **beginning of each shift**,
or more often if conditions change during a shift. Operators should look for any
object or condition, which will inhibit the **safe operation** of his/her machine.
These include:
**4.1 (a) Housekeeping.** The job site shall be reasonably clear of **trash** and
**debris**.
**4.1 (b) Holes/Trenches.** Any **openings** in the floor should be covered with
bridge material capable of supporting 4 times the anticipated weight that may
pass over it. When openings are not covered, the operator may not approach
closer than 18” to the edge of the opening.
**4.1 (c) Floors.** Inspect for bumps, obstructions, and uneven conditions that
**could effect** the machine.
**4.1 (d) Lighting.** The operator should be able to see well enough to **safely**
**operate** his machine. OSHA Regulations State that the minimum general
lighting acceptable on construction sites is 5 foot candles. This is not much
light to operate by, therefore extreme caution is needed under these
conditions. “Task”, or work lighting is provided by THERMA and will be
sufficient for the type of work performed.
**4.1 (e) Weather.** Wet floors, high wind and other weather related conditions can
be very **hazardous.** Always check for these conditions before operating a lift.
**4.1 (f) Overhead obstructions.** Never move a lift when there is danger of
striking an **overhead obstruction**. This will cause the machine to turn over.
Overhead obstructions can also crush workers. One of the most common
injuries is smashed fingers from holding onto the side rails while rising.
**4.1 (g) High voltage lines.** The minimum clearance for high voltage lines of 50
kilovolts is 10’. Make sure you have **clearance** around all electrical lines
while operating.
---
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| --- | --- | --- |
| | 44 | 9 of 17 |
**4.1 (h) Foot traffic.** Watch for people **at all times**. On some machines the driver
can’t see people if they are very close. Shouted warnings such as, “Coming
down!” will help make the job safer.
***Note: Remember that the operator is ultimately responsible for the safe***
***operation of their machines.***
**4.1 (i) Any other condition** of the work site that might **adversely impact** the
safe operation of a lift will also cause the immediate halt of operations until
the unsafe conditions can be eliminated or controlled.
**4.2 Machine inspection.** This inspection shall be conducted prior to the **start** of
the shift. *Any problems or malfunctions that could affect the safe operation of*
*the lift will be corrected prior to the operation of the lift.* The pre-shift
inspection shall include:
**4.2 (a) Automatic brake:** The brake must be able to **hold** the machine still on
any surface the machine is capable of climbing.
**4.2 (b) Hydraulics/Batteries/Fuel:**
• Leaks. Fluid levels. ***Note: Control and clean up any leaks.***
• Corrosion. ***Note: Acid is corrosive and precautions must be taken.***
• Cracked/split/frayed hoses.
**4.2 (c) Operating and Emergency controls:**
• Upper controls – up, down, extend, rotate, forward, backward, turns,
emergency stop.
• Upper controls must be designed or guarded so that they may not be
inadvertently operated. CAL-OSHA says toggle type switches must have side
guards on each toggle switch.
• Lower emergency controls may only be used with **consent of the operator**,
in an **emergency,** or for routine maintenance and **inspections**.
**4.2 (d) Chassis/lower frame:**
• Cracks.
• Loose parts.
• Suspension.
• Tires and wheels.
***NOTE: Tires on an axle must be of the same size and tread design, and are***
***foam filled.***
• Outriggers/Stabilizers/Extendible axles.
---
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| --- | --- | --- |
| | 44 | 10 of 17 |
## 4.2 (e) Lift mechanism/Boom:
• Leaks. ***Note: Control and clean up any leaks.***
• Loose/worn parts.
• Smooth operation.
## 4.2 (f) Work platform/Bucket.
• Guardrail/ Toeboard.
• Gate/Chain.
• Fall Protection.
• Platform extension.
## 4.2 (g) Cables/Wiring harness.
• Loose cables.
• Frayed cables.
• Cracked harness.
• Exposed wiring.
## 4.2 (h) Labels/Operating Manuals:
• Placards.
• Pinch points.
• Warnings.
• Manuals.
• Load capacity plate.
• Control markings.
5. OPERATION. The **operation** of the machine will be addressed in five
sections:
• **GENERAL SAFETY RULES.**
• **MOVING.**
• **RAISING/LOWERING.**
• **BOOM TRUCKS.**
• **FUELING.**
**5.1 General Safety Rules.** These rules will apply during **all** operations of
powered Aerial Platform Vehicles:
**5.1 (a)** No alteration, disabling, or otherwise rendering **inoperable** of safety
devices or interlocks is permitted. Operating a machine with disabled safety
interlocks will be cause for immediate termination.
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| | 44 | 11 of 17 |
**5.1 (b)** Never **alter** or **modify** an aerial lift without permission from the
manufacturer.
**5.1 (c)** Never operate a lift from a truck, trailer, railway car, floating vessel,
scaffold, or other similar construction without **written permission** of the
manufacturer.
**5.1 (d)** No devices of any kind may be used to add to the **height** of the platform.
The maximum operating height of a lift is the fully raised height of the
platform plus 6 feet.
**5.1 (e)** All gates, chains, or other safety enclosure devices must be properly
**fastened** prior to the operation of any equipment, regardless of planned
operational height.
**5.1 (f)** Never **exceed** the weight capacity of the equipment.
**5.1 (g)** When operating around **high voltage** lines maintain the following
clearances:
• 0 to 300V ------------------avoid contact.
• 300V to 50KV -------------10’
• 50KV to 200KV -----------15’
• 200KV to 350KV ----------20’
• 350KV to 500KV ----------25’
• 500KV to 750KV ----------35’
• 750KV to 1000KV --------45’
**5.1 (h)** The **lower controls** on a machine may only be used:
• In **emergencies.**
• For **inspections** and/or **servicing**.
• With the operator’s **permission.**
**5.1 (i)** When doing **hot-work** on a lift, be sure the batteries, hydraulic systems,
and wiring cables are protected from sparks, heat, and flame. Always use a
**fire watch** when performing hot-work on a lift.
**5.1 (j)** The operator shall always be aware of **changing conditions** of the job
site. These can be weather related, or may be specific to the site. When
changes occur operation may need to be altered as needed to maintain safe
operation. If an unsafe condition exists that can’t be corrected, the operator
---
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| | 44 | 12 of 17 |
will cease operation of the machine until the unsafe condition can be
rendered safe.
***Remember, The operator is responsible for the safe operation of his/her***
***machine.***
**5.1 (k)** If personnel working around a machine endanger themselves by unsafe
actions, the operator shall **warn** them of the potential results of their actions.
If the unsafe practices persist the operator will immediately cease operation
of the machine and inform his/her supervisor of the circumstances.
**5.1 (l)** Watch for other equipment. Never allow the operation of your machine to
**endanger** the safe operation of another machine.
**5.1 (m)** Once a machine is positioned and raised to it’s working height, engage
the **emergency stop** switch. This will prevent the inadvertent operation of the
machine should the controls get bumped.
**5.2 Moving.** Whenever a machine is **moved** the operator will follow these safety
rules:
**5.2 (a)** Make sure the machine can be moved without striking or endangering
any objects or people around the machine. This means if vision is limited,
the operator needs to walk to the back of the platform to check **clearance**
prior to movement.
**5.2 (b)** If the machine is operating around a dock, trench, or other **opening** in the
floor that could cause it to turn over, the machine may not come closer than
18”:
**5.2 (c)** Ground speed will be **limited** to conditions of the travel surface.
**5.2 (d)** The floor will be **free** of debris, objects, bumps, or openings in the floor
that will cause the machine to tip over.
**5.2 (e)** Check for overhead **clearance** prior to movement.
**5.2 (f)** Bridge plates, dock plates, floor opening covers, ramps, or any other
device the machine will pass over must be able to safely **support** the full
weight of the machine and it’s contents. **Dismount** all personnel except the
driver when crossing these areas.
---
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| | 44 | 13 of 17 |
**5.2 (g)** All personnel on the lift must maintain firm **footing** on the work platform
at all times.
**5.2 (h)** The machine must be at its **lowest** height while moving. These machines
may only be moved while raised for the purpose of final positioning.
**5.2 (i)** Never **pass** another machine traveling in the same direction until given the
go-ahead signal from the other driver.
**5.2 (j)** Never turn a machine around on a **grade** or **slope.** Drive the machine to
level ground and turn around there.
**5.2 (k)** Avoid wrapping **fingers** or **hands** around railings while traveling.
**5.2 (l)** When **visibility** is a problem, a ground guide shall be used to insure safe
movement.
**5.3 RAISING/LOWERING.** When **raising** or **lowering** the platform of a machine,
the operator must follow these safety rules:
**5.3 (a)** Be sure all safety chains and gates are **closed** and locked prior to
operation.
**5.3 (b)** Never wrap fingers or hands around **railings** while the machine is in
operation.
**5.3 (c)** Keep all parts of the body **inside** the railings while the machine is in
operation.
**5.3 (d)** All materials and tools must be placed so they will **not impede** the safe
operation of the machine or obstruct the controls in any way.
**5.3 (e)** Never move the machine with the platform raised except for **final**
positioning
**5.3 (f)** When at raised levels, the work you do may endanger those on the
ground or around you. Always set up **exclusion zones** when this condition
exists.
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | 44 | 14 of 17 |
**5.3 (g)** These machines are designed to operate on flat, level ground. Never
operate a machine on a grade or slope that **exceeds** the manufacturer’s
specifications. Grade and slope are defined as the following:
• **Grade -** A fore and aft surface condition causing one **end** of a machine to be
lower or higher than the other .
• **Slope -** A side to side surface condition causing one **side** of a machine to be
lower or higher than the other.
Consult the manufacturer’s **manual** on the machine for slope and grade
limitations.
**5.3 (h)** Make sure all devices designed to **stabilize** the machine are engaged
and operable prior to raising the platform. These devices include:
• **Automatic stabilizers.**
• **Outriggers.**
• **Extendible axles.**
**5.3 (i)** Some machines may have **reduced** lifting capacities when stabilizing
devices can’t be used. Consult the manufacturer’s manual prior to operation.
**5.3 (j)** Prior to lifting or lowering, the operator is to check for overhead,
underneath and side to side clearance. The machine must be able to rise or
lower **unobstructed.**
**5.3 (k)** If any part of the machine becomes snagged, entangled, jammed, or
otherwise is unable to move due to obstruction of any kind, the operator will
**stop** the machine, instruct the occupants to **cease** movement, and call for
help. The platform must be **evacuated** of all personnel prior to attempts to
free the machine using the lower controls. ***NOTE: This is an extremely***
***dangerous situation and must never be underestimated!***
**5.3 (l)** Some machines have platform **extensions** to extend the reach of the
working surface. Never exceed the weight capacities of these extensions.
Consult the manufacturer’s manual prior to operation.
**5.3 (m)** Occupants of the platform must maintain firm **footing** on the platform at
all times.
**5.3 (n)** No **height** adding devices or materials are to be used on lifts at any time.
---
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| | 44 | 15 of 17 |
**5.3 (o)** In the event personnel must climb out of the platform for any reason, and
if the platform is higher than 6’ off the ground, they must first be properly **tied**
**off** with a full body harness and appropriate lanyard(s). ***Always tie-off 100%!***
**5.3 (p)** Once the platform is at working height, engage the **emergency** stop. This
will insure the controls will not be inadvertently engaged while work is taking
place.
**5.4 BOOM TRUCK.** Boom trucks have their own unique operating
**characteristics.** In addition to the rules already mentioned, Boom truck
operators must also follow these rules:
**5.4 (a) Speed Control.** Most machines have a dial on them to adjust the speed
of the machine’s reaction to control input. By adjusting this control to a lower
number, the machine will move slowly and safely. Consult the manufacturer’s
manual for information prior to operating a Boom truck.
**5.4 (b) Capacities.** Weight capacities are extremely important in these
machines. Never exceed the rated weight capacity for the vehicle.
**5.4 (c) Obstructions:** it’s very easy to “jack” the wheels off the ground with one
of these machines. When swinging a boom in close to obstructions, reduce
the approach speed and use extreme caution.
**5.4 (d)** Never place any part of a Boom truck **against** another object to “steady
it”.
**5.4 (e)** Never use a Boom truck as a **crane.**
**5.4 (f)** Boom trucks, even when fully lowered, can “oscillate” while traveling over
uneven ground, causing the operator to be thrown from the machine. Drive
slow and use caution when driving Boom trucks over **uneven ground**.
**5.4 (g)** When operating a Boom or Knuckle Boom truck the operator and anyone
in the bucket must be wearing a **harness and lanyard**, and must be properly
**tied off** while in the bucket.
**5.4 (h)** Boom truck directional controls will operate in **reverse** when the boom is
positioned at the other end the machine.
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| | 44 | 16 of 17 |
**5.4 (i)** When fully retracted, the bucket portion of a Boom truck extends well to
the rear of the axle. This will cause the bucket to **swing** in the opposite
direction when the truck is turned sharply. Maintain adequate clearance for
this effect.
6. FUELING. The rules for fueling are as follows:
**6.1** Fuel machines in **designated** areas.
**6.2** Make sure your using the **proper** fuel for your machine.
**6.3** Never fuel a machine with the engine running.
**6.4** Never smoke or allow open **flame** around a machine that’s being refueled.
**6.5** If acid or fuel gets into eyes, **rinse** thoroughly and obtain medical attention.
**6.6** Gas and Diesel:
**6.6 (a)** Be sure the machine is properly grounded, and no static electricity exists
between the fuel filler and the tank.
**6.6 (a) Ground** the nozzle to the fuel tank filler neck.
**6.6 (b)** Avoid **sparks.**
**6.6 (c)** Don’t **overfill** the tank. Clean up any spills immediately.
**6.7** Be sure the tank you’re filling is the **fuel tank!** Many times the hydraulic tank
is mistaken for the fuel tank. ***If this occurs, do not operate the machine.***
**6.8** Propane:
**6.8 (a)** If a machine will not be used an hour or more, **shut off** the propane tank
valve.
**6.8 (b)** Propane is **explosive**! Use extreme caution.
**6.8 (c)** Propane can cause **frostbite.** Use proper protective equipment.
**6.8 (d)** Propane gas is heavier than air and can **accumulate** in low areas.
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| | 44 | 17 of 17 |
**6.8 (e)** Only trained and **authorized** personnel are allowed to refill propane
tanks.
**6.8 (f)** Tanks are under extreme **pressure.** A ruptured tank becomes a lethal
rocket! Secure tanks when transporting them.
**6.9** Battery power:
**6.9 (a)** If your machine is battery powered, charge the batteries in a well
**ventilated** area.
**6.9 (b)** Remember that charging batteries produces **explosive** gases.
**6.9 (c)** If battery acid or fuel gets on your skin or clothes, **rinse** off thoroughly at
once.
Congratulation! By completing this training session you are well on your way to
becoming a safe equipment operator. By applying what you have learned you will
be doing your part to control one of the main causes of accident and death on
construction sites.
These rules and regulations are a compilation of federal, state, and local, rules
and regulations. They are considered THERMA Company policy. They are
intended to insure the safest possible operation of aerial lift machines.
Failure to follow these policies will be cause for disciplinary action up to and
including termination.
---
# SCISSOR/BOOM LIFT DAILY
# INSPECTION CHECKLIST
**To be completed DAILY by the operator or authorized person BEFORE each use.**
## For each “Inspection Item,” indicate one of the following: P=Pass F=Fail N/A=Not Applicable M
| INSPECTION ITEM | M | T | W | Th | F | S | Su | Comments Explain 'F' |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Labels/Operator Manual | | | | | | | | |
| Chassis/Mast: Cracks, Welds, Deformation | | | | | | | | |
| Seatbelt Function | | | | | | | | |
| Wheels/Tires: Pressure, Cracks, Splits, Missing Lugs | | | | | | | | |
| Fluid Levels/Leaks: Oil, Fuel, Water, Battery(s), Hoses | | | | | | | | |
| Lights, Alarms, Horn, Backup Bell, Warning Lights | | | | | | | | |
| Mirrors, Gauges | | | | | | | | |
| Brakes: Operational, Parking | | | | | | | | |
| Steering, Lift Controls | | | | | | | | |
| Site: Holes/Drop-offs, Slopes, Grades, Uneven Surfaces | | | | | | | | |
| Site: Electrical, Water, Sprinkler, Chemical Lines | | | | | | | | |
| Site: Overhead Obstructions | | | | | | | | |
| Equipment and site are safe for operation | | | | | | | | |
| Railings/Safety Chains/Extensions | | | | | | | | |
| Stabilizers/Outriggers | | | | | | | | |
| Operating/Emergency Controls: Upper, Lower, Guards | | | | | | | | |
| General Comments: |
| --- |
---
| Safety Manual
Non-Electrical Hot Work(NEHW)Program | |
| --- | --- |
| | Effective:06-99 |
| Policy Section No.:47 | Revision Date:08-15 |
| Revision No.:3 | Page No.:1 of8 |
## Non-Electrical Hot Work (NEHW) Program
## 1 Purpose and Scope:
1.1 This program provides guidance for developing an effective process to
manage hot work operations. All property losses caused by hot work as
an ignition source are preventable. Under the right conditions, hot work
heat sources with the lowest temperature ratings can easily ignite
products that seem most difficult to burn.
## 2 Responsibility:
2.1 It is the responsibility of all supervisors to ensure employees involved in
hot operations are trained in the requirements of the NEHW program.
This includes the safe operation of their equipment and safe operation of
the process.
2.2 It is the responsibility of the supervisor (foreman) to inspect the work area
and authorize the NEHW.
2.3 It is the responsibility of the supervisor (foreman) to notify the safety
department if NEHW is to be conducted in a confined space.
2.4 It is the responsibility of all employees involved in NEHW to follow the
requirements of the NEHW program.
2.5 The Safety Department Manager is responsible for reviewing and
updating the NEHW program annually.
2.6 The safety department is responsible for authorizing NEHW in a confined
space.
## 3 Policy:
## 3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 NEHW is any operation involving open flames or producing heat
and/or sparks. This includes but is not limited to: brazing,
cutting, soldering, welding, heat guns and grinding.
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| 3 | 47 | 2 of 8 |
3.1.2 NEHW Permit is the document required when any temporary or
non-routine operation involving open flame or spark-producing
work consistent with Article 49 of the California Fire Code.
3.1.3 Fire Watch is a person who is trained in the use of fire
extinguishing equipment and maintains constant watch during
NEHW operations and initiates incipient level fire suppression
when fire occurs.
## 3.2 Planning:
3.2.1 Avoid hot work whenever possible. Consider alternative
methods to hot work. Some alternatives include:
a. Manual hydraulic shears vs. saw/torch cutting.
b. Mechanical bolting vs. welding.
c. Screw or flanged pipe vs. sweat soldering.
d. Reciprocating saw vs. radial saw.
3.2.2 Prohibit hot work in areas where hot work cannot be conducted
safely under any conditions or where extensive preparation and
planning are required to make the area/equipment fire safe.
These areas may include:
a. Areas/equipment that contain/handle flammable liquids,
flammable gases, combustible dusts or combustible
metals.
b. Partitions, walls, ceilings or roofs with combustible plastic
coverings or cores (e.g. expandable plastic insulation,
sandwich cores).
c. Oxygen enriched atmosphere.
d. Areas which handle/store oxidizer materials.
e. Areas which handle/store explosive materials.
3.2.3 Fire extinguishing equipment shall be readily available during all
hot work operations.
3.2.4 The jobsite Foreman is responsible for site inspection and
authorization of hot work.
3.2.5 Before hot work is authorized, the area will be inspected.
Inspections shall be documented on the hot work permit.
3.2.6 First Aid equipment shall be made available at all times.
3.2.7 Employees responsible for the maintenance, use, or repair of
oxygen, or fuel gas supply equipment, must be trained and
evaluated by a competent person prior to the assignment of
duties
3.2.8 Prior to the assignment of duties, supervisors must ensure that
all employees have been properly trained and certified to
operate arc welding and cutting equipment.
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| 3 | 47 | 3 of 8 |
3.2.9 Employees who operate welding and cutting equipment shall
operate the equipment according to the manufacturer’s
instructions and / or recommendations.
3.2.10 Employees that maintain and / or repair welding and cutting
equipment shall be trained by the manufacturer and / or their
authorized representative.
3.3 When hot work must be conducted in areas or equipment containing
hazardous processes described above, follow the precautions outlined
below.
3.3.1 When possible, relocate hot work to a suitably arranged and
isolated fixed hot work station. Locate fixed hot work in areas
with secured and sealed one-hour fire-rated non-combustible
barriers over combustible floors, walls and ceilings. Maintain the
hot work station free of combustible material or an open space
not less than 35 feet. Provide manual fire extinguishers
throughout the hot work station area.
3.3.2 If materials cannot be relocated to a fixed hot work station and
hot work is unavoidable, implement the Non-Electrical Hot Work
Permit System. Ensure the following fire prevention precautions
are in place prior to starting the hot work.
a. Ensure sprinklers and other fixed fire protection equipment
is in service and operable.
b. Provide manual firefighting equipment appropriate for the
construction/occupancy hazards in the hot work area.
c. Inspect and maintain hot work equipment prior to use.
d. Separate hot work operations from combustibles by a
minimum of 35 feet. An alternative is to use proper fireresistive welding blankets and screens to isolate hot work
from adjacent combustibles and/or occupancies.
e. Sweep floor clean. Remove grease or oil. Cover with fireresistive tarps/covers.
f. Remove flammable liquids, dust and/or lint from hot work
area.
g. Cover all floor and wall openings with fire-resistive
tarps/covers.
h. Close all doors and fire doors to prevent sparks from
escaping.
i. Eliminate any present or potential explosive atmospheres
(dust or vapor). Continuously monitor the area for
accumulation of combustible gases before, during and
after hot work.
j. Secure, isolate and vent pressurized vessels, piping and
equipment as needed prior to initiating hot work. Clean
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 3 | 47 | 4 of 8 |
combustible and/or flammable materials whenever
present.
3.3.3 Avoid hot work of any kind in areas handling, processing or
storing flammable liquids or gases. Ideally, relocate any hot work
operation within a flammable liquid or gas occupancy to a nonhazardous location. When relocation is not possible, the following
additional precautions shall be implemented:
a. Drain all equipment or piping in the area of flammable and
combustible liquids.
b. Steam clean all equipment/piping to be worked on or
purge with an inert atmosphere to prevent creation of
flammable vapors.
c. Shut off pipe supplying the area with flammable
liquids/gases at the source. LOTO all valves to prevent
unexpected opening. If the pipe is to be worked on, blank
it off.
d. Use a portable 02 monitor to ensure the pipe/equipment
does not contain sufficient oxygen to support combustion.
e. Protect all permanent tanks or piping that cannot be
drained from physical contact and heat from hot work
equipment.
f. Keep mechanical exhaust ventilation in the room/building
in operation.
g. Use portable combustible gas monitor before and during
work. If any detectable readings are obtained work cannot
begin until the source is located and eliminated.
3.3.4 NEHW in confined space (for complete entry guidelines,
reference Confined Space Entry Program).
a. Ventilation is a pre-requisite for work in a confined space.
b. Local exhaust ventilation must be provided when welding,
cutting, or heating in a confined space.
c. When sufficient ventilation cannot be obtained without
blocking the means of access, workers in the confined
space must be provided with supplied air respirators.
d. Workers must be attached to a lifeline at all times while in
the confined space. Means must be provided to quickly
remove the worker in case of an emergency and another
employee capable of initiating rescue operations must be
outside at all time.
e. Continuous air monitoring shall be conducted while the
work is being performed on NEHW in a confined space.
f. An attendant shall be stationed outside the confined space
and shall maintain communication with the worker at all
times.
g. Cylinders containing fuel gas or oxygen must not be taken
into a confined space.
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| 3 | 47 | 5 of 8 |
## 3.3.5 Protecting workers from the hazards associated with NEHW.
a. Local ventilation or air supplied respirators must be
provided in enclosed space when welding, cutting, or
heating metals containing zinc, lead, cadmium, chromium,
mercury and beryllium (beryllium requires both local
ventilation and air supplied respirators).
b. Torch gas supply must be shut off outside an enclosed
space when not in use and left unattended for a
substantial period of time such as a lunch break.
c. Torches and hoses must be removed from enclosed
spaces overnight and at shift changes.
d. Open-end fuel gas and oxygen hoses must be immediately
removed from enclosed spaces when they are
disconnected from the torch or other gas-consuming
device.
## 3.4 Equipment:
## 3.4.1 Gas Welding and Cutting:
a. Valve protection caps must be in place and secured when
transporting gas cylinders.
b. Hoisted cylinders must be secured on a cradle, slingboard
or pallet.
c. Cylinders must be in vertical position when transported by
powered vehicles.
d. Valve protection caps must not be used for lifting
cylinders.
e. Cylinders not firmly secured on a specially designed
carrier must have regulators removed and caps put in
place before moving.
f. A cylinder truck, chain or other steadying device must be
used to keep cylinders from being knocked over while in
use.
g. Cylinder valves must be closed when empty or being
moved.
h. Compressed gas cylinders must be secured in an upright
position at all times.
i. Oxygen and fuel-gas cylinders in storage must be
separated from each other or combustible materials at
least 20 feet or a 5-foot high noncombustible wall with a
minimum fire resistance rating of one-half hour.
j. Cylinders should be stored in assigned places away from
elevators, stairs or gangways.
k. Cylinders in use must not be within reach of sparks, hot
slag or flame unless fire resistant shields are provided.
---
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l. Cylinders must be placed where they cannot become part
of an electrical circuit.
m. Electrodes must not be stuck against a cylinder.
n. Cylinders containing oxygen or fuel gas must not be taken
into confined spaces.
o. Cylinders, whether full or empty, must not be used as
rollers or supports.
p. Damaged or defective cylinders must not be used and
must be removed from service.
q. Before connecting the regulator, the cylinder valve must be
opened slightly, and then closed.
r. Cylinder valves must always be opened slowly to prevent
damage to the regulator.
s. The cylinder valve must always be closed and gas
released before removing the regulator.
t. Hoses must be inspected before each shift and removed
from service if defective.
u. Hoses, cables and other equipment must be kept clear of
passageways, ladders and stairs.
v. Torches must be lighted by friction lighters and not by
matches or hot work.
## 3.4.2 Arc Welding and Cutting:
a. Employers must instruct employees in the safe means of
arc welding and cutting.
b. Only manual electrode holders designed for arc welding
and cutting are allowed to be used.
c. Any current-carrying parts passing through the portion of
the holder and outer surfaces of the jaws must be fully
insulated.
d. All arc welding and cutting cables must be of the
completely insulated, flexible type.
e. Only Undamaged cable, free of repair, can be used within
10 feet from the electrode holder.
f. Connected or spliced lengths of cable must have
substantial insulation connectors of a capacity at least
equivalent to that of the cable in use.
g. Cables connected by metal lugs must be securely
fastened together for good electrical contact and exposed
metal parts must be completely insulated.
h. Damaged cables in need of repair must not be used.
i. A ground return cable must have safe current-carrying
capacity equal to or exceeding the maximum output
capacity of the arc welding and cutting unit.
j. A ground return cable serving more than one unit must
have safe current-carrying capacity of the total maximum
output capacity of all connected units.
---
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k. Pipelines containing gases or flammable liquids, or
conduits containing electrical circuits, must not be used as
a ground return.
l. Structures or pipelines used as ground return circuits must
have electrical contact at all joints.
m. The generation of an arc, sparks, or heat at any point must
cause rejection of the structure or pipeline as a ground
return circuit.
n. Structures or pipelines used as a ground return must have
all joints bonded and periodically inspected to ensure no
unsafe conditions such as a fire hazard or condition of
electrolysis.
o. The frames of arc welding and cutting machines must be
grounded through a third wire in the cable or a separate
wire grounded at the source of current.
p. Ground connections must be inspected to ensure they are
mechanically strong and electrically adequate for required
current.
q. Electrode holders left unattended must have electrodes
removed and holders must be placed to prevent contact
with employees or conduction objects.
r. Hot electrode holders must not be dipped in water.
s. The equipment power switch must be turned off whenever
leaving the machine, stopping work for any appreciable
length of time, or moving the machine.
t. Whenever practicable, arc welding and cutting operations
must be shielded by non-combustible or flameproof
screens, which protect other employees from direct rays.
## 3.5 Fire Watch:
3.5.1 Fire Watch is required whenever welding or cutting is performed
in locations where other than a minor fire might develop, or any
of the following conditions exist:
a. Appreciable combustible material, in building construction
or contents, closer than 35 feet to the point of operation.
b. Appreciable combustible materials are more than 35 feet
away but are easily ignited by sparks.
c. Wall or floor openings within a 35-foot radius which
expose combustible material in adjacent areas including
concealed spaces in walls or floors.
d. Combustible materials are adjacent to the opposite side of
metal partitions, walls, ceilings, or roofs and are likely to be
ignited by conduction or radiation.
---
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3.5.2 The assigned Fire Watch shall be trained in the use of fire
extinguishing equipment and be familiar with the facility for
sounding an alarm in the event of a fire.
3.5.3 Fire Watch shall be in place and monitor the area during, and
for 45 minutes after the hot work is completed, including coffee
or lunch breaks.
3.5.4 Fire Watch shall be equipped with suitable fire extinguishing
equipment.
3.5.5 Fire Watch is responsible for inspecting his/her fire
extinguishing equipment prior to any hot work.
3.5.6 Fire Watch shall watch for fires in all exposed areas and try to
extinguish them when obviously within the capacity of the
equipment or otherwise sound the alarm.
---
| Safety Manual
Trenching And Excavation Safety | |
| --- | --- |
| | Effective:06-99 |
| Policy Section No.:49 | Revision Date:02-11 |
| Revision No.:2 | Page No.:1 of 10 |
## Trenching and Excavation Safety Program
## 1.
## Scope and Application:
1.1 This program sets forth the practices required for trenches or excavations
with a depth of five feet or greater along any portion of its length that will
be entered by Therma employees and subcontractors. All excavations or
trenches 5 feet or greater in depth shall be appropriately benched,
shored, or sloped according to the procedures and requirements set forth
in this policy. Excavations or trenches 20 feet deep or greater must have
a protective system designed by a registered professional engineer.
## 2.
## Responsibilities:
2.1 Supervisors have the primary responsibility for the implementation of the
Trenching and Excavation Safety Policy in their work area. The
supervisor has ultimate responsibility for the safety of the employees and
general public affected by the excavation. This includes evaluation of the
work to be performed, determination of the means of protection that will
be used and adherence to the provisions of this policy as appropriate.
2.2 Foremen must ensure daily, or more often as required, that site
conditions are safe for employees to work in excavations.
2.3 The supervisor or a member of the work group must be a "competent
person" as defined by OSHA.
2.4 Employees have the primary responsibility for working in accordance with
the provisions of this policy.
2.5 No employees should enter an excavation meeting the scope of this
policy until authorized by the competent person.
2.6 Foremen have the primary responsibility for providing training, trench
protection systems, effective barricades and supporting the use of other
protective measures deemed prudent and necessary by the competent
person.
2.7 Safety Department has the primary responsibility for assisting Foremen in
implementation of this policy through coordinating training and
consultation. **This includes:**
---
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2.7.1 On site evaluation to monitor use of safe work practices and
procedures.
2.7.2 Assisting with atmospheric testing and equipment selection as
needed.
2.7.3 Providing or identifying appropriate training for Competent
Persons and staff.
2.7.4 Providing technical assistance as needed.
2.7.5 Reviewing and updating the program at least annually.
## 3.
## Definitions:
**3.1 Benching -** means a method of protecting employees from cave-ins by
excavating the sides of an excavation to form one or a series of
horizontal levels or steps, usually with vertical or near vertical surfaces
between levels.
**3.2 Cave-in -** means the separation of a mass of soil or rock material from
the side of an excavation, or the loss of soil from under a trench shield or
support system, and its sudden movement into the excavation, either by
falling or sliding, in sufficient quantity so that it could entrap, bury, or
otherwise injure and immobilize a person.
**3.3 Competent person -** means one who is capable to identify existing and
predictable hazards in the surroundings or working conditions that may
affect employees and the general public, and who has authority to take
prompt corrective measures to eliminate them. **The Competent**
**Person(s):**
3.3.1 Must be trained in and knowledgeable of excavation and trenching
standard, and other programs that may apply (Hazard
Communication, Confined Space, Respiratory Protection).
3.3.2 Must be capable of recognizing hazardous conditions and must
have authority to stop work and ensure that hazards are
corrected.
3.3.3 Performs and documents the 'Daily Excavation Inspection', and
knows when inspections should be performed.
3.3.4 Must assure that the location of underground installations or
utilities have been properly located.
3.3.5 Must identify and ensure the use of adequate protective systems,
work methods and personal protective equipment (PPE) on the
excavation site.
**3.4 Excavation -** means any man-made cut, cavity, trench, or depression in
an earth surface, formed by earth removal.
---
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**3.5 Registered professional engineer (RPE**) - means a person who is
registered as a professional engineer.
**3.6 Shield (shield system) -** means a structure that is able to withstand the
forces imposed on it by a cave-in and thereby protect employees with the
structure. Shields can be permanent structures or can be designed to
be portable and moved along as work progresses. Also known as trench
boxes or trench shields.
**3.7 Shoring (shoring system)** means a structure such as a metal hydraulic,
mechanical or timber shoring system that supports the sides of an
excavation and which is designed to prevent cave-ins.
**3.8 Sloping (sloping system) -** means a method of protecting employees
from cave-ins by excavating to form sides of an excavation that are
inclined away from the excavation so as to prevent cave-ins. The angle of
incline varies with differences in such factors as the soil type,
environmental exposure conditions, and application of surcharge loads.
**3.9 Soil Type A** - Most stable: clay, silty clay, and hardpan (resists
penetration). No soil is Type A if it is fissured, is subject to vibration of
any type, has previously been disturbed, or has seeping water. As most
soils in areas where work will be conducted at UF have been disturbed,
no UF soils will be considered Type A.
**3.10 Soil Type B** - Medium stability: silt, sandy loam, medium clay and
unstable dry rock; previously disturbed soils unless otherwise classified
as Type C.
**3.11 Soil Type C** - Least stable: gravel, loamy sand, soft clay, submerged soil
or dense, heavy unstable rock, and soil from which any water is seeping.
**3.12 Soil - Mixed Types** (Layered Geological Strata) - The soil must be
classified on the basis of the soil classification of the weakest soil layer.
Each layer may be classified individually if a more stable layer lies below
a less stable layer, i.e. where a Type C soil rests on top of stable rock.
**3.13 Trench (trench excavation) -** means a narrow excavation (in relation to
its length) made below the surface of the ground. In general, the depth is
greater than the width, but the width of a trench is not greater than 15
feet. If forms or other structures are installed or constructed in an
excavation as to reduce the dimension measured from the forms or
structure to the side of the excavation to 15 feet or less, the excavation is
also considered to be a trench.
---
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## 4.
## Procedures:
**4.1 Under Ground Utilities:** Underground utilities must be located and
marked before excavation begins. A competent person shall be identified
for all excavations with a depth of five feet or greater at any portion that
personnel may enter. The location of sewers, telephone, fuel, electric,
water lines, or any other underground installations that may be
encountered during excavation work must be determined and marked
prior to opening an excavation. The Project Manager shall make
arrangements as necessary with the appropriate utility agency for the
protection, removal, shutdown, or relocation of underground installations.
If it is not possible to establish the exact location of these installations,
the work may proceed with caution if detection equipment or other safe
and acceptable means are used to locate the utility. Excavations must not
endanger the underground installations or the employees engaged in the
work. Utilities left in place should be protected by barricades, shoring,
suspension or other means as necessary to protect employees.
**4.2 Protection of the Public:** Excavations must be isolated from public
access by a substantial physical barrier. Barricades, lighting and posting
shall be installed as appropriate prior to the start of excavation
operations. All temporary excavations of this type shall be backfilled as
soon as possible. Guardrails, fences, or barricades should be installed
around excavations adjacent to walkways, roads, paths or other traffic
areas. Use of barricade tape alone is not considered a sufficient method
of isolation when the excavation is unattended. Warning lights or other
illumination shall be used as necessary for the safety of the public at
night. Wells, holes, pits, and similar excavations must be effectively
barricaded or covered and posted. Walkways or bridges used by the
general public to cross excavations must be equipped with standard
guardrails.
**4.3 Surface encumbrances**. All equipment, materials, supplies, buildings,
roadways, trees, utility vaults, boulders, etc. that could present a hazard
to employees working in the excavation must be removed or supported
as necessary to protect employees.
**4.4 Soil Classification:** The competent person in charge of the excavation
shall be responsible for determining the soil type. All previously disturbed
soil is automatically considered Type B or C soil. Soil may be considered
Type C by default and no additional tests required. To classify soil as
type B the competent person shall use a visual test coupled with one or
more manual tests.
---
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**4.5 Visual test:** Evaluate the conditions around the site including the soil
adjacent to the site and the soil being excavated. Identify any signs of
vibration. Check for crack-line openings along the failure zone, look for
existing utilities that indicate that the soil has been previously disturbed,
and observe the open side of the excavation for indications of layered
geologic structuring. Look for signs of bulging, boiling, or sloughing, as
well as signs of water seepage from the sides or bottom of the
excavation.
The area adjacent to the excavation should be evaluated for foundations
or other intrusions into the failure zone, and the evaluator should check
the spoil distance from the edge of the excavation.
Any one of the following will cause soil to be classified as Type C.
4.5.1 Water seepage into excavation.
4.5.2 Vibration from road traffic or equipment.
4.5.3 Signs of bulging, boiling, or sloughing.
4.5.4 Crack lines along failure zone.
## 4.6 Manual tests:
**4.6.1 Thumb penetration test**: Attempt to press the thumb firmly into
the soil in question. If the thumb penetrates no further than the
length of the nail, it is probably Type B soil. If the thumb
penetrates the full length of the thumb, it is Type C. It should be
noted that the thumb penetration test is the least accurate testing
method.
**4.6.2 Dry strength test**: Take a sample of dry soil. If it crumbles freely
or with moderate pressure into individual grains it is considered
granular (Type C). Dry soil that falls into clumps that subsequently
break into smaller clumps (and the smaller clumps can only be
broken with difficulty) it is probably clay in combination with gravel,
sand, or silt (Type B).
**4.6.3 Plasticity or Wet Thread Test:** Take a moist sample of the soil.
Mold it into a ball and then attempt to roll it into a thin thread
approximately 1/8 inch in diameter by two inches in length. If the
soil sample does not break when held by one end, it may be
considered Type B. A pocket penetrometer, shearvane, or torvane
may also be used to determine the unconfined compression
strength of soils.
## 5.
## Protective Systems
5.1 In excavations greater than 5 feet in depth a method to protect
people entering the excavation from cave in must be employed.
---
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Acceptable protective methods include sloping, benching,
shielding and shoring.
## 5.2 Benching, Sloping, Shoring, and Shielding Requirements:
## 6.
## General:
6.1 Excavations under the base of the footing of a foundation or wall
require a support system designed by a registered professional
engineer. Sidewalks, pavement, utility vaults or other similar
structures shall not be undermined unless a support system or
another method of protection is provided to protect employees
from their possible collapse. Sloping or benching is often the
preferred methods of protection; however, shoring or shielding is
used when the location or depth makes sloping to the allowable
angle impractical.
## 7.
## Sloping:
**7.1** Maximum allowable slopes for excavations less than 20'
based on soil type and angle to the horizontal are as follows:
**7.1.1** Type B soil must have walls sloped to a maximum angle of
45-degrees (1:1 slope) from horizontal in all directions.
**7.1.2** Type C soil, must have walls sloped at a maximum angle
of 34-degrees (1:1.5 slope) from horizontal in all
directions.
## 8.
## Benching:
**8.1** In Type B soil, the vertical height of the benches must
not exceed 4 feet. Benches in increments of 2 feet or less is
preferred. The angle developed by the edge of the benches must
not exceed the maximum allowable slope for that soil type (Type
B soil 45-degrees).
***Benching is not permitted in Type C soil.***
## 9.
## Shielding:
**9.1** Trench boxes or trench shields are intended to protect
workers from cave-ins and similar incidents. The trench shield is
lowered into the excavation and workers may then enter the
protected area within the shield. Only trench shields designed or
certified by a registered professional engineer may be used. The
use is limited to those trenches for which the shield is certified
---
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(e.g. maximum depth and material). The manufacturer must
approve any modifications to the shields. The excavated area
between the outside of the trench box and the face of the trench
should be as small as possible. The space between the trench
box and the excavation side should be backfilled to prevent lateral
movement of the box**.** Trench boxes may be used in combination
with sloping and benching. The box must extend at least 18
inches above the surrounding area if there is sloping toward the
excavation. This can be accomplished by providing a benched
area adjacent to the box. Type B soil 1:1 Type C Soil 1:1.5
9.2 Shields may be placed two feet above the bottom of an
excavation, provided they are calculated to support the full depth
of the excavation and there is no caving under or behind the
shield. Workers must enter and leave the shielded area in a
protected manner, such as by a ladder or ramp. Workers may not
remain in the shielded area while it is being moved.
## 10. Shoring:
10.1 Hydraulic shoring is permitted as workers do not have to enter the
trench to install it. It is gauge-regulated and ensures even
distribution of pressure along the trench line and can be adapted
to various trench depths and widths. All shoring shall be installed
from the top down and removed from the bottom up. Hydraulic
shoring shall be checked at least once per shift for leaking hoses
and/or cylinders, broken connections, cracked nipples, bent
bases, and any other damaged or defective parts. The top
cylinder of hydraulic shoring shall be no more than 18 inches
below the top of the excavation. The bottom of the cylinder shall
be no higher than four feet from the bottom of the excavation.
(Two feet of trench wall may be exposed beneath the bottom of
the rail or plywood sheeting, if used.)
10.2 Three vertical shores, evenly spaced, must be used to form a
system. Wales are installed no more than two feet from the top,
no more than four feet from the bottom, and no more than four
feet apart, vertically.
## 11. Inspections:
**11.1** Frequent inspection of the excavation and surrounding area by
the Competent Person is critical to ensure the safety of the
workers involved in work within the trench. The Competent Person
must conduct inspections of the entire excavation site:
---
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11.1.1 Daily and before the start of each shift.
11.1.2 As dictated by the work being done in the trench.
11.1.3 After every rain storm.
11.1.4 When fissures, tension cracks, sloughing, undercutting,
water seepage, bulging at the bottom, or other similar
conditions occur.
11.1.5 When there is a change in the size, location, or placement
of the spoil pile.
11.1.6 When there is any indication of change or movement in
adjacent structures.
## 12. Temporary spoil:
**12.1** Shall be placed no closer than 2 feet from the surface edge of the
excavation. The distance is measured from the nearest base of
the spoil to the cut. This distance should not be measured from
the crown of the spoil deposit. This distance requirement ensures
that loose rock or soil from the temporary spoil will not fall on
employees in the trench. The spoil should be placed so that it
channels rainwater and other run-off water away from the
excavation. Spoil should be placed so that it cannot accidentally
run, slide, or fall back into the excavation.
## 13. Surface Crossing of Trenches:
**13.1** Surface crossing of trenches should not be made unless
absolutely necessary. However, if necessary, they are only
permitted under the following conditions:
i. **Vehicle crossings** must be designed by and installed under
the supervision of a registered professional engineer.
ii. **Walkways or bridges** must have a minimum clear width of 20
inches, be fitted with standard rails, and extend a minimum of
24 inches past the surface edge of the trench.
## 14. Ingress and Egress:
**14.1** Trenches 4 feet or more in depth shall be provided with ladders or
other fixed means of egress. Spacing must be such that a worker
will not have to travel more than 25 feet to the nearest means of
egress. Ladders must be secured and extend a minimum of 36
inches above the landing. Metal ladders are not permitted.
---
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## 15. Exposure to Vehicles:
**15.1** Employees exposed to vehicular traffic shall be provided with and
required to wear reflective vests or other suitable garments
marked with or made of reflectorized or high-visibility materials.
Trained flag persons, signs, signals, and barricades shall be used
when necessary.
## 16. Exposure to Falling Loads:
**16.1** Employees are not allowed in the excavation while heavy
equipment is digging. Employees must not work under loads
being lifted or moved by heavy equipment used for digging or
lifting. Employees are required to stand away from equipment that
is being loaded or unloaded to avoid being struck by falling
materials or spillage.
## 17. Hazardous Atmospheres and Confined Spaces - Testing for Atmospheric Contaminants
**17.1** If there is any possibility that the trench or excavation could
contain a hazardous atmosphere, atmospheric testing must be
conducted prior to entry. Conditions that might warrant
atmospheric testing would be if the excavation was made in a
landfill area or if the excavation is adjacent to sources of
contamination (e.g. sewage or fuel leaks). Testing shall be
conducted before employees enter the trench and should be done
continuous to ensure that the trench remains safe. Employees
required to wear respiratory protection must be trained, fit-tested,
and medically qualified.
**18. Trenches and excavations with hazardous concentrations of**
**airborne contaminants or oxygen deficient atmospheres qualify as**
**confined spaces. When this occurs, compliance with Therma’s**
**Confined Space Program is also required*****.***
**18.1** Employees shall not be permitted to work in hazardous and/or
toxic atmospheres. These include atmospheres with:
18.1.1 Less than 19.5% oxygen.
18.1.2 A combustible gas concentration greater than 20% of the
lower flammable limit.
18.1.3 Concentrations of hazardous substance that exceed those
specified in the threshold.
---
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**18.2** Limit Values for airborne contaminants established by the ACGIH.
## 19. Standing Water and Water Accumulation:
**19.1** Workers must not enter or work in excavations with standing
water or in which water is accumulating unless adequate
protection is provided. Protective methods for these
circumstances must include:
19.1.1 Use of special support or shield systems approved by a
registered professional engineer.
19.1.2 Water removal equipment used and monitored by a
competent person.
19.1.3 Safety harnesses and lifelines used in conformance with
29 CFR 1926.104.
**19.2** During rainstorms employees must exit the trench. The excavation
must be carefully inspected by a competent person after each rain
and before employees are permitted to re-enter the trench.
Protective measures such as diversion ditches and dikes should
be used to limit surface runoff water from entering the excavation.
---
**THERMA TRENCH INSPECTION AND ENTRY AUTHORIZATION FORM**
| THERMAL PENETRATION AND ENTRY AUTORIZATION GUIDELINE | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| LOCATION: | | | | | JOB #: | DATE: |
| TIME OF INSPECTION: | | | | | USAN#: | |
| WEATHER CONDITIONS: | | | | OSHA NOTIFICATION: □Yes □No | | TEMP.: |
| SUPERVISOR: | | | | | COMPETENT PERSON: | |
| DIMENSIONS: | DEPTH = | | | | Yes No HAZARDOUS CONDITIONS | |
| | TOP = | | W | L | □ □ Saturated soil / standing or seeping water | |
| | BOTTOM = | | W | L | □ □ Cracked or fissured wall(s) | |
| SOIL TYPE: | | | TESTED: | | □ □ Bulging wall(s) | |
| Type A Solid rock (most stable) | | | □ Yes □ No | | □ □ Floor heaving | |
| Type B | | | □ Thumb | | □ □ Utilities Supported | |
| Type C (loose sand or fill) | | | □ Penetrometer | | □ □ Super-imposed loads | |
| Previously Disturbed | | | | | □ □ Vibration Near Excavation | |
| Cohesive □ Non-cohesive | | | | | □ □ Ventilation Required | |
| PROTECTION METHODS:(Walls MUST be vertical—NO voids) | | | | | PLACEMENT OF SPOILS & EQUIPMENT | |
| SHORING | | | | | □ □ Spoils at least 2 feet from edge of trench | |
| Timber | | | | | □ □ Subject to surcharge from equipment | |
| Pneumatic | | | | | □ □ Backhoe at end of trench | |
| Hydraulic | | | | | □ □ Compressor, etc. at remote location | |
| Screw Jacks | | | | | LADDER LOCATION | |
| | | | | | □ □ Located in protected area | |
| | | | | | □ □ Within 25 feet of safe travel | |
| SHIELDING / SLOPING or BENCHING | | | | | □ □ Secured | |
| Trench Box | | | | | □ □ Extends 36 inches above the landing | |
| Sloping/Bench: B 1:1 (45°) C 1½:1 (34°) | | | | | □ □ Leads to safe landing | |
| Yes No ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS: | | | | | OTHER: | |
| □ Air Monitor used? | | | | | □ Shoring equipment inspected prior to use? | |
| □ Confined space permit issued? | | | | | □ Is trench SAFE to enter? | |
| DATE | INSPECTED BY: | | INITIALS | DATE | INSPECTED BY: | INITIALS |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| NOTE: All unsafe conditions must be corrected prior to trench entry. If any hazardous conditions are observed, the trench must be immediately evacuated and no one allowed to re-enter until corrective action has been taken. | | | | | ENTRY AUTHORIZED BY:(COMPETENT PERSON) | |
---
## SOILS ANALYSIS CHECKLIST
This checklist must be completed when soil analysis is made to determine the soil type(s) present in the excavation. A
separate analysis must be performed if the excavation (trench) is stretched over a distance where soil type changes.
| Site Location: | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Date: | Time: | Competent Person: |
| Location where sample was taken: | | |
| Type of protective system used: | | |
| VISUAL TEST | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Particle Type: | Fine grained(cohesive) | Granular(sand/sift or gravel) |
| Water Conditions: | Wet | Dry |
| | Seeping Water | Surface water present |
| | Submerged | |
| Previously disturbed soils: | Yes | No |
| Underground utilities: | Yes | No |
| If Yes, what type: | | |
| Layered soils?(Note:The less stable layer controls soil type.) | Yes | No |
| Layered soils dipping into excavation: | Yes | No |
| Excavation exposed to vibration: | Yes | No |
| If Yes, from what? | | |
| Crack-like openings or spalling observed: | Yes | No |
| Conditions that may create a hazardous atmosphere: | Yes | No |
| If Yes, identify condition and source: | | |
| Surface encumbrances: | Yes | No |
| | If Yes, what type? | |
| Work to be performed near public vehicular traffic: | Yes | No |
| Possible confined space exposure: | Yes | No |
---
| MANUAL TEST | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Plasticity: | Cohesive | Noncohesive | |
| Dry Strength: | Granular (crumbles easily) | Cohesive (broken with difficulty) | |
| Wet Shake: | Water comes to surface (granular material) | Surface remains dry (clay material) | |
| Note: The following unconfined compressive strength tests should be performed on undisturbed soils. Thumb Test used to estimate unconfined compressive strength of cohesive soil. | | | |
| Test performed: | Yes | No | |
| Type A-soil indented by thumb with very great effort. | | | |
| Type B-soil indented by thumb with some effort. | | | |
| Type C-soil easily penetrated several inches by thumb with little or no effort.(If soil is submerged, seeping water, subjected to surface water, runoff, exposed to wetting.) | | | |
| Penetrometer or Shearvane used to estimate unconfined compressive strength of cohesive soils. | | | |
| Test performed: | Yes | No | |
| Type A-soil unconfined compressive strength of 1.5 tsf or greater. | | | |
| Type B-soil with unconfined compressive strength greater than 0.5 tsf and less than 1.5 tsf. | | | |
| Type C-soil with unconfined compressive strength of 0.5 tsf or less.(If soil is submerged, seeping water, subjected to surface water, runoff, exposed to wetting.) | | | |
| Note:Type A-no soil is type A if soil is fissured,subject to vibration,previously disturbed,layered,dipping into excavation on a slope of4H:1V. | | | |
| SOIL CLASSIFICATION | | | |
| Stable Rock | TypeA | TypeB | TypeC |
| SELECTION OF PROTECTIVE SYSTEM(AppendixF) | | | |
| Protective System: | Sloping(AppendixB)Specify angle: | | |
| | Timber shoring(AppendixC) | | |
| | Aluminum hydraulic shoring(AppendixD) | | |
| | Trench shield-maximum depth in this soil | | |
| Note:Although OSHA will accept the above tests in most cases,some states will not.Check your state safety requirements for trenching regulations | | | |
**Note: Although OSHA will accept the above tests in most cases, some states will not. Check your state safety**
**requirements for trenching regulations.**
---
# SKID STEER LOADER DAILY
# INSPECTION CHECKLIST
## To be completed DAILY by the operator or authorized person BEFORE each use.
## For each “Inspection Item,” indicate one of the following: P=Pass F=Fail N/A=Not Applicable
| Before starting engine, check the following: | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| VISUAL INSPECTION | M | T | W | Th | F | S | Su | Comments Explain 'F' |
| Engine(check oil level&for leaks) | | | | | | | | |
| Fuel tank(drain off moisture&sediment) | | | | | | | | |
| Hydraulic tank(check oil level&for leaks) | | | | | | | | |
| Radiator(check coolant level&for leaks) | | | | | | | | |
| Air cleaner(check indicator,clean or change A/R) | | | | | | | | |
| Engine belts(check for adjustment/wear) | | | | | | | | |
| Fuel filter(service when gauge indicates low pressure) | | | | | | | | |
| Wheels&tire assemblies(condition/pressure) | | | | | | | | |
| Lubricate chassis(refer to lube chart,as required) | | | | | | | | |
| After starting engine,check the following: | | | | | | | | |
| START-UP ITEMS | M | T | W | Th | F | S | Su | Comments Explain 'F' |
| Engine(does it sound normal?) | | | | | | | | |
| Instruments(check for normal readings) | | | | | | | | |
| Controls(check for normal operation) | | | | | | | | |
| Exhaust system(check for leaks&excessive smoke) | | | | | | | | |
| Lights&horn | | | | | | | | |
| Back-up alarm | | | | | | | | |
**General Comments:**
---
# EXCAVATOR DAILY
# INSPECTION CHECKLIST
**To be completed DAILY by the operator or authorized person BEFORE each use.**
| Make: | | Model: | | | | Unit#: | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | Monday | Tuesday | Wednesday | Thursday | Friday | Saturday | Sunday | |
| Date: | | | | | | | | |
| Hour Meter Reading: | | | | | | | | |
| Operator/Inspector: | | | | | | | | |
**For each “Inspection Item,” indicate one of the following: P=Pass F=Fail N/A=Not Applicable**
| 1. Pre Start-up Walk-around | M | T | W | Th | F | S | Su | 2. Start-up | M | T | W | Th | F | S | Su |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Safe area/equipment secured | | | | | | | | Seatbelt inspected and | | | | | | | |
| Undercarriage | | | | | | | | Engine sounds normal | | | | | | | |
| Track shoes/Wheels & Tires | | | | | | | | Instrument panel | | | | | | | |
| Rollers | | | | | | | | Oil pressure | | | | | | | |
| Sprockets | | | | | | | | Coolant Temperature | | | | | | | |
| Idler wheels | | | | | | | | Hour meter | | | | | | | |
| Track links | | | | | | | | 3. Powered Systems | M | T | W | Th | F | S | Su |
| Turntable/Slewing assembly | | | | | | | | Lights | | | | | | | |
| Turret | | | | | | | | Horn | | | | | | | |
| Cab | | | | | | | | Wipers | | | | | | | |
| Glass | | | | | | | | Fan/Heater/Air conditioner | | | | | | | |
| Doors | | | | | | | | Radio/Accessories | | | | | | | |
| Emergency exit | | | | | | | | Hydraulic Controls | | | | | | | |
| Entry/exit steps | | | | | | | | Drive | | | | | | | |
| ROPS/FOPS/TOPS | | | | | | | | Steer | | | | | | | |
| Counterweight bolts | | | | | | | | Turret rotate | | | | | | | |
| Lights | | | | | | | | Boom | | | | | | | |
| Mirrors | | | | | | | | Dipper/Stick | | | | | | | |
| Engine/Engine compartment | | | | | | | | Work attachment | | | | | | | |
| Fluid levels | | | | | | | | Accessories | | | | | | | |
| Leaks | | | | | | | | 4. General | M | T | W | Th | F | S | Su |
| Belts/Hoses | | | | | | | | Housekeeping | | | | | | | |
| Radiators/Coolers | | | | | | | | Fire extinguisher | | | | | | | |
| Fire suppression system | | | | | | | | Manufacturer's manuals | | | | | | | |
| Digging Assembly | | | | | | | | Log Book | | | | | | | |
| Boom | | | | | | | | Decals/Warnings/Placards | | | | | | | |
| Dipper/Stick | | | | | | | | Certification/Capacity labels | | | | | | | |
| Work attachment | | | | | | | | Level indicator | | | | | | | |
| Articulated joints | | | | | | | | Report any problems to your supervisor. ALWAYS tag out unsafe equipment. | | | | | | | |
| Hydraulics | | | | | | | | Comments: Explain 'F' | | | | | | | |
| Fluid level | | | | | | | | Comments: Explain 'F' | | | | | | | |
| Leaks | | | | | | | | Comments: Explain 'F' | | | | | | | |
| Cylinders | | | | | | | | Comments: Explain 'F' | | | | | | | |
| Pins/Locks | | | | | | | | Comments: Explain 'F' | | | | | | | |
| Fittings | | | | | | | | Comments: Explain 'F' | | | | | | | |
| Hoses | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
---
| Safety Manual
Lockout / Tagout Program | |
| --- | --- |
| | Effective:06-99 |
| Policy Section No.:53 | Revision Date:11-16 |
| Revision No.:3 | Page No.:1 of 11 |
## Lockout / Tagout Program
## 1.
## Purpose and Scope
1.1 This is a statement of official THERMA policy to establish the process for
compliance with the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
regulation, "Control of Hazardous Energy", 29 CFR 1910.147. It is intended
to protect employees from the hazards caused by the inadvertent activation
of equipment or systems while work is performed on it/them. This policy
establishes the minimum requirements to protect employees from such
hazards.
## 2.
## Responsibility
2.1 It is the duty of all Foremen, Project Managers, and Supervisors to enforce
this policy.
2.2 It is the duty of all employees to follow these procedures.
2.3 Enforcement of this policy shall be part of the daily safety audit.
2.4 It is the responsibility of the safety department manager to perform an annual
review of the LOTO policy to ensure the procedures and requirement of the
program are being followed. This inspection shall be documented.
## 3.
## Policy
3.1 Servicing, maintenance or construction which takes place during normal
production operations is covered by this plan if:
a. An employee is required to remove or bypass a guard or safety device; or
b. An employee is required to place any part of his or her body into an area
of the machine, piece of equipment or system where work is actually
performed upon the material being processed (point of operation); or
c. Where an associated danger exists during a machine or system cycle
3.2 Minor tool changes and adjustments (e.g., clearing jammed paper from a
copier, printer or typewriter) and other minor servicing activities, which are
routine, repetitive, and take place during normal production operations, are
not covered by this
3.3 This plan also does not apply to work on cord and plug connected electrical
equipment for which exposure to the hazards of unexpected start-up is
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controlled by unplugging it from the energy source if the plug is under the
exclusive control of the employee performing the service.
## 4.
## Application
4.1 The Lockout/Tagout Plan shall be implemented for all facilities where
THERMA personnel work, and there is need to perform maintenance,
construction or provide routine service to machinery or equipment.
4.2 Servicing of all electrically, chemically, pneumatically, thermally and/or
hydraulically powered machinery and systems is included in this plan.
4.3 Contractors who perform work for THERMA shall also comply with the
procedures outlined in this plan.
## 5.
## Special Circumstances
5.1 Job sites that present unique circumstances will require Supervisors and
Foremen to develop safety plans specifically designed for that site.
5.2 THERMA’s safety department is available to assist in the development of
these plans.
## 6.
## Definitions
6.1 Affected personnel: Persons that may use the machine or system being
serviced or worked on during the course of their work day and may attempt
to activate machinery while service is being done. Affected persons also
include those persons whose job requires working in an area while such
servicing, maintenance or construction is being performed.
6.2 Authorized personnel: Persons that have received training in the use of
Lockout/Tagout equipment and are authorized to perform maintenance,
service or construction. Authorized personnel also include those persons
responsible for properly locking and tagging machinery that is to be serviced.
(Affected personnel may also be authorized personnel when that employee’s
duties include servicing, maintenance or construction on the machinery or
system.)
6.3 Blank: A disk inserted into the space between two pipe flanges to prevent the
passage of liquid or gases through a pipe.
6.4 Bleed: The release of stored hydraulic, electrical, pneumatic, or other form of
energy.
6.5 Energy Sources: Any source of electrical, pneumatic, hydraulic, thermal,
chemical, magnetic, gravitational or other type of energy.
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6.6 Lock: Keyed device used to secure equipment. For a lock to qualify as a
Lockout device, only one key shall be available to the lock, and that lock shall
stay in the possession of the affected person. Locks issued for use with this
plan shall not be used for other purposes. Additionally, locks shall be able to
withstand the environment in which they are being used, and a reasonable
amount of force shall be required to remove the lock without thekey, for
example, bolt cutters, etc.
6.7 Lockout: A system in which a lock, when properly attached to a power or
energy source, prevents the unintentional activation of equipment or
systems. The lock will physically hold the switch or handle in the "off" position
until it is removed by the authorized personnel. A Lockout may include a
device which allows specific types of switches and valves to have a lock
applied to the control system. The device may also allow multiple locks to be
applied, so that more than one affected person is able to place their one-key
lock to the device.
6.8 Lockout/ Tagout Procedures: A list of procedures, abbreviated as LOTO,
designed and implemented to protect employees from an accidental
discharge of energy. LOTO is used interchangeably with, "Control of
Hazardous Energy".
6.9 Tagout: A tagging procedure, intended to act only as a warning device, used
to prevent the unintentional activation of equipment. The tag will read "DO
NOT OPERATE". All tags and attachment means shall also be made to
withstand the environment in which they are being used, including any written
instructions or information on them. Tags shall contain, at a minimum, the
name of the person placing the tag, the name of the company they work for,
and a contact method, such as a phone or radio number
6.10 Supervisor/Multiple Lockout: In most Lockout/Tagout procedures, each
individual shall place their own personal lock on the energy isolating device.
The supervisor (Foreman) of the crew may lock out the machine, equipment,
or system using a Lock Box. Under this procedure the Supervisor takes
responsibility for locking all valves, switches and controls with a one-key onelock system, reviews the lockout with his/her crew, and places the key in a
box. The other members of the crew then place their one-key, one lock
system on the box, insuring that the locked out system can’t be started or
opened without all members of the crew removing their locks. The Supervisor
shall be the only person authorized to place or remove the lockouts after the
crew has removed their locks from the lock box, and the Supervisor shall
ensure that all personnel are safe prior to energizing of the machine,
equipment, or system. The Supervisor in charge of the lockout procedure
may not leave the immediate area where the crew is working during the
lockout.
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a. **NOTE:** When a Supervisor lockout procedure is used, a member of the
THERMA safety department must be notified prior to the start of the
procedure.
## 7.
## Training
7.1 All new employees are given an orientation that includes Lockout/Tagout
procedures. All employees required to service, maintain, or perform
construction on machinery or systems that have the potential for release of
hazardous energy shall be provided with additional training that includes
review of this policy and shall take the LOTO quiz. Personnel shall be retrained every three years in LOTO. In this additional training, employees shall
be informed of:
a. The location and availability of the LOTO Plan.
b. The procedures covered by the LOTO Plan.
c. Explanations of provisions.
d. Description of physical hazards common to inappropriate locking and
tagging of machinery.
e. Review of measures to protect employees, customers, and visitors from
the inadvertent release of hazardous energy.
f. Discussion of procedures to de-energize equipment and release or
secure all residual energies.
g. Evaluation technique to determine if energy hazards are present.
7.2 Retraining shall be provided for all authorized and affected employees every
three years or whenever:
a. There is a change in their job assignment.
b. There is a change in machines, equipment or processes that present new
hazards.
c. There is a change in the energy control procedure.
7.3 When Lockout/Tagout training takes place the records shall be sent to the
Director of Safety and Health at the corporate office. A copy of the training,
along with any applicable documents, such as a Pre-Task Plan, shall be kept
in the Supervisor’s records at the job site, or with the job file. The Safety
Department member conducting the training shall enter the date of training
the employees THERMA Training Record hand book in the appropriate
section.
## 8.
## Conditions
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| --- | --- | --- |
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8.1 Locking devices and tags shall be used when employees are performing
maintenance, service or construction on or to any machine or system where
unexpected or unintentional motion/release of energy could cause harm.
8.2 Locking devices shall also be used when guards or other safety devices must
be removed during service or when moving or energized parts put any part of
the employee's body at risk of injury.
8.3 Examples of conditions where locking and tagging should be used may
include, but are not limited to:
a. Clearing blocked or jammed mechanical equipment.
b. Maintenance or repair work on equipment with moving parts.
c. Confined Space entries.
d. Repairs or installation of electrical equipment.
e. Construction on pipe systems containing hazardous substances.
8.4 **Note:** If the equipment being serviced must be temporarily re-activated (for
example, to test the equipment as part of the installation) the following
sequence of actions shall be followed:
a. Clear the machine or equipment of tools and materials
c. Remove the LOTO device
b. Remove employees from the machine or equipment area
d. Energize and proceed with testing or positioning
e. De-energize all systems and reapply energy control measures
8.5 Specific instructions shall be developed using THERMA’S Pre Task Plan
(PTP) for the locking and tagging of machinery, equipment or systems under
the following conditions:
a. When the machine, equipment, or system being serviced has the
potential for stored or residual energy, or the re accumulation of stored
energy after shut down.
b. When the machine, equipment, or system has multiple energy sources.
c. When the isolation and locking of the machine, equipment, or system will
not completely deactivate it.
d. When the machine, equipment, or system cannot be locked out.
e. When a single lockout device will not achieve a lockout condition.
f. When the lockout device will not be under the exclusive control of the
authorized employee performing the service.
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8.6 If a lock cannot be applied to the equipment, and the supervisor can
demonstrate that the tagging procedure will provide a level of safety
equivalent to that obtained by the use of a lock, a tag may be used instead. A
tag used without a lock shall be supplemented by one additional safety
measure, such as:
a. The removal of an isolating circuit element.
b. Blocking of a control switch.
c. Opening of an extra disconnecting device.
d. The removal of a valve handle.
e. The use of a block-off plate or “blank” inserted between flanges on a pipe
system.
8.7 The tagout device shall be attached to the same location that the lockout
device would have been attached, and shall have the name of the person
that attached the tag, the estimated length of time the tagout will be in effect,
and a suitable communication procedure for contacting the person that
placed the tagout, such as a cell phone number.
8.8 In addition the THERMA Safety Department shall be contacted and informed
of the procedure, including an explanation of why a lock cannot be used to
render the machine, equipment or system safe.
## 9.
## General LO/TO Procedures
9.1 Lockout or tagout shall be performed only by authorized employee(s) who are
performing the servicing or maintenance.
9.2 The customer representative shall be notified prior to shut down and LOTO.
Notification shall contain the name and job titles of authorized employees, location of
equipment being serviced, and duration/date of service.
9.3 Basic energy control procedures:
a. "Preparation for shutdown." Before an authorized or affected employee turns off a
machine or equipment, the authorized employee shall determine where and
how equipment is being energized. Since some equipment is powered by
several sources e.g., electrical, mechanical, pneumatic, chemical,
thermal and hydraulic), all energizing sources shall be identified. For
complex equipment, refer to the manufacturer's control diagram detailing
the locations of all isolating points. These points may include breaker
panels, switches and valves. Furthermore, possible residual energy and
methods used to dissipate or restrain that energy shall be identified. In
addition to identifying energy sources, the employee must determine the
magnitude of the energy, the hazards of the energy to be controlled and
the methods or means to control the energy. If authorized employees are
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unable to determine each form of energy, they must consult their
supervisor and/or the Safety Department before work is started.
• For complex Lockout/Tagout procedures use the attached LOTO
checklist. Complete each section, entering “N/A”for those areas
and sections that are not applicable.
b. "Machine or equipment shutdown." The machine or equipment shall be
turned off or shut down using the procedures established for the machine
or equipment (depress the stop button, open the switch, close valve,
etc.). An orderly shutdown must be utilized to avoid any additional or
increased hazard(s) to employees as a result of the equipment stoppage.
c. "Machine or equipment isolation." All energy isolating devices that are
needed to control the energy to the machine or equipment shall be
physically located and operated in such a manner as to isolate the
machine or equipment from the energy source(s).
d. "Lockout or tagout device application." Attach a lock and tag, of
designated color, type and descriptive warning, on each disconnecting
means used to de-energize circuits and equipment on which work is to be
performed. The lock shall be attached to prevent persons from operating
the equipment. Tags must be securely attached to energy isolating
devices so that they cannot be inadvertently or accidentally detached
during use. Additionally, tags shall be attached to all points where
equipment or circuits can be energized. If multiple employees are
servicing the same equipment, each shall attach their own lock to a
multiple lock plate.
• If a Supervisor lockout/tagout procedure is used, the Supervisor
shall ensure that all machines, equipment, and systems are
locked/tagged out, that the Supervisor’s key is placed in a Lock
Box, and all personnel are out of danger before testing for stored
energy. **Note:** No attempt shall be made to remove another
employee's lock.
e. "Stored energy." Following the application of logout or tagout devices to
energy isolating devices, all potentially hazardous stored or residual
energy shall be relieved, disconnected, restrained, and otherwise
rendered safe. If there is a possibility of reaccumulation of stored energy
to a hazardous level, verification of isolation shall be continued until the
servicing or maintenance is completed, or until the possibility of such
accumulation no longer exists.
• If energy is incapable of being released, the authorized employee
shall reposition, block, utilize a blank or utilize some other
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protective measure to prevent the release of residual energy while
service is in progress.
f. "Verification of isolation." Prior to starting work on machines or equipment
that have been locked out or tagged out, the authorized employee shall
verify that isolation and deenergization of the machine or equipment have
been accomplished. This should be done by:
• Checking that no personnel are exposed.
• Verifying the isolation of equipment by operating the push button
or other normal operating controls.
• Secure all switches to prevent movement to the "on" or "start"
position.
• Checking pressure gauges to ensure de-pressurization of lines.
• Inspect electrical circuits to confirm zero voltage.
• Open bleeder valves to verify pressure is released, while
protecting against the release of hazardous materials.
## 10. Re-Energization Procedures
10.1 Authorized employees will follow these essential steps before lockout or
tagout devices are removed and energy is restored to the machine or
equipment:
a. Ensure that nonessential items have been removed and to ensure that
machine or equipment components are operationally intact.
b. Work area checked to ensure that all employees are safely positioned.
c. Remove each lockout or tagout device from the energy isolating
device(s). This shall be completed by the employee who applied the
device.
d. Notify personnel that the LO/TO devices have been removed.
10.2
If the authorized employee who applied the device is not available to remove
it, that device may be removed by another authorized employee, with
Manager approval, and the following:
a. Verification that the authorized employee who applied the device is not at
the facility:
b. Reasonable efforts were made to contact the authorized employee to
inform him/her that his/her lockout or tagout device has been removed;
and
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c. The authorized employee has this knowledge before he/she resumes
work at that facility.
## 11. Testing or Positioning of Machines, Equipment or Components
11.1 In situations where lockout or tagout devices must be temporarily removed to
test or position the machine, equipment or component, the following
sequence of actions shall be followed:
a. Clear the machine or equipment of tools and materials;
b. Remove employees from the machine or equipment;
c. Remove the lockout or tagout devices;
d. Energize and proceed with testing or positioning;
e. Deenergize all systems and reapply energy control measures to continue
the servicing and/or maintenance.
## 12. Group Lockout or Tagout
12.1 When servicing and/or maintenance is performed by a crew, craft,
department or other group, this is considered a group lockout or tagout and
shall include the following specific requirements:
a. Primary responsibility is vested in an authorized employee for a set
number of employees working under the protection of a group lockout or
tagout device;
b. The authorized employee shall review the exposure status of individual
group members; Assignment of overall responsibility to an authorized
employee designated to coordinate affected work forces and ensure
continuity of protection;
c. Each authorized employee shall affix a personal lockout or tagout device
to the group lockout device, group lockbox, or comparable mechanism
when he or she begins work, and shall remove those devices when he or
she stops working on the machine or equipment being serviced or
maintained.
## 13. Shift or Personnel Changes
13.1 Specific procedures shall be utilized during shift or personnel changes. This
ensures the continuity of protection, including provisions for the orderly
transfer of lockout or tagout device protection between off-going and
oncoming employees
## 14. Outside Personnel
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14.1 Whenever outside servicing personnel are to be engaged in activities
requiring LOTO, Therma and the outside employer shall inform each other of
their respective lockout or tagout procedures. Therma shall ensure that
his/her employees understand and comply with the restrictions and
prohibitions of the outside employer's energy control program.
## 15. Addendum For the Use of a Lock Box in Lockout Situations
15.1 The following procedure shall be followed when establishing a lock box
situation. This procedure will only be implemented by a Foreman, General
Foreman, Project Manager, or the designated Safety Coordinator for the job
site. Whenever a lock box is used the Therma Safety Department will be
notified prior to use.
a. The General Foreman and Foreman are responsible to have all check off
lists, hot work permits, pre-task plans or any other required paper work at
the same location as the lock box while the work is performed.
b. The General Foreman and Foreman for the work area shall identify the
energy sources that are to be locked out to isolate the system, and shall
place a lock on each energy source that has only one key, retained by
the person applying the lock. At no time shall any lock be used that has
more than one key.
c. All energy sources shall be entered on the check off list as each is locked
out, giving the number, location, etc.
d. The General Foreman, Foreman and crew shall verify that all sources of
hazardous energy have been locked out and tagged properly. The tag(s)
will indicate the company, person(s) who locked the system out, and
shall have a contact phone or radio number on the tag.
e. All systems that are locked and tagged shall be verified for absence of
hazardous energy. The General Foreman, Foreman, and crew shall be
present while verification takes place.
f. Any member of the team working on the system shall have the duty to
raise questions about the presence of hazardous energy, and shall not
work on the system until all are satisfied that it is safe.
g. The General Foreman and/or Foreman shall place the key(s) used to lock
the system(s) into a lock box that has multiple lock locations on it, or uses
a multiple lock hasp to secure it.
h. All Personnel that will work on the system(s) shall place their key(s) on
the lock box. The lock box must be locked by all members of the team in
such a way that any one lock left on the box will prevent it from opening.
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 3 | 53 | 11 of 11 |
i. When the worker has finished work on the system, or at the end of the
work shift, they will remove their lock from the lock box. Any person that
leaves a job site while their lock is on the lock box is in violation of
THERMA’S policy. If the system is to remain locked until the next work
shift, the General Foreman or Foreman shall have the facility personnel
put their lockout system(s) on and take possession of the procedures.
When work resumes, the process of lockout, tagout, verification, and
lockbox procedure shall be repeated for that shift.
j. If a person participating in the lock box procedure leaves the site and the
system must be re-activated, only the General Foreman, Foreman, or
Safety Coordinator shall notify the person that their lock has been
removed. Only then shall the General Foreman, Foreman or Safety
Coordinator remove that person’s lock. The person leaving the site will be
subject to disciplinary action, unless it is determined that circumstances
that required them to leave were justified.
k. The General Foreman, Foreman, or Safety Coordinator controlling the
lockbox shall verify that it is safe to remove the locks, and then shall allow
the crew to remove their locks. Only then will the system be re-activated.
15.2 These procedures or their equivalent shall be used in all Supervisor
controlled lock box situations.
---
# LOCKOUT/TAGOUT CHECKLIST
Prior to beginning work on machinery, equipment, or systems requiring Lockout/Tagout, check
each item. If there are items that are not applicable to the entry, mark them "N/A".
| Job Site: | | Date: | Time: |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Foreman: | Exp. Date: | | Exp. Time: |
**PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT**
| $\Box$ | Hard Hat |
| --- | --- |
| $\Box$ | Eye/Face Protection (type) |
| $\Box$ | Protective clothing (type) |
| $\Box$ | Gloves (type) |
| $\Box$ | Respirator (type) |
| $\Box$ | Fall protection / Other |
## SHUTDOWN & LOCKOUT
| $\Box$ | Electrical lockout/tagout completed |
| --- | --- |
| $\Box$ | Valves closed,lockout/tagout completed |
| $\Box$ | Lines blinded/blocked off |
| $\Box$ | Lines disconnected |
| $\Box$ | Line bleeders open |
| $\Box$ | All hydraulic/pneumatic pressure released |
| $\Box$ | All other energy released and/or guarded(magnetic,spring,gravity,reactivity) |
| $\Box$ | Hot work permit completed |
| $\Box$ | System/area check for flammables/vapors |
| $\Box$ | Fire extinguisher on site/in area |
| $\Box$ | Barricade/Exclusion Zone markers in place |
| $\Box$ | Machine/Equipment/System users /other personnel notified |
## REACTIVATION
| $\Box$ | Electrical/System reconnected |
| --- | --- |
| $\Box$ | Line blinds/block-offs removed |
| $\Box$ | Line breeders closed |
| $\Box$ | Guards reinstalled |
| $\Box$ | Tools/materials removed |
| $\Box$ | Machine/Equipment/System users / other personnel clear and safe |
| $\Box$ | Electrical lockout/tagout removed |
| $\Box$ | Valve(s) lockout/tagout removed |
---
| Print | Initial |
| --- | --- |
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## JOB COMPLETED
| Date: | Time: |
| --- | --- |
---
| Safety ManualConfined Space Program | |
| --- | --- |
| | Effective:06-99Revision Date:01-09Revision No.:1Page No.:1of34 |
# Confined Space Program
## 1.
## Purpose & Scope:
1.1 The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) General
Industry Standards for Confined Spaces 29 CFR 1910.146 requires a
written program for employers to follow when conducting work in confined
spaces. The following procedures are based on the requirements
established by OSHA
## 2.
## Responsibility:
## 2.1 Director of Health and Safety
2.1.1 The Direct of Health and Safety shall ensure adequate training
(with written records documenting the latest training) and
equipment are provided.
2.1.2 The Director of Health and Safety shall update this procedure and
the various attachments to ensure compliance with OSHA
standards and ensure that all copies of the attachments are
updated.
2.1.3 The Director of Health and Safety shall conduct and/or coordinate
all training as related to this procedure and maintain all
documented training records.
## 2.2 Site Safety Coordinators (those trained as Entry Supervisors) shall:
2.2.1 Maintain the written entry permit system to ensure that affected
employees comply with the relevant safety and health
requirements during the performance of their duties and that they
are provided with the proper equipment.
2.2.2 When confined space entry is anticipated, information regarding
the hazards in those spaces is to be gathered and shall be
forwarded to the Site Safety Coordinator.
2.2.3 The Site Safety Coordinator shall evaluate the space along with
the responsible foreman and project manager to determine how
the entry will be handled.
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 56 | 2 of 34 |
## 2.3 The Entry Supervisor is responsible for the following:
2.3.1 Know the hazard(s) and potential hazards that may be
encountered during entry. Information shall include:
a. The mode.
b. Signs or symptom.
c. Consequences of the exposure.
2.3.2 Determine the availability of a rescue team. Ensure that the
means to summon the rescue team is operable.
2.3.3 List the names of all the entrants and attendants for each entry on
the Entry Permit. If the Entry Supervisor will enter the confined
space he/she must be listed as an entrant.
2.3.4 Ensure that all entrants have been trained in Confined Space
Entry procedures including self rescue techniques to exit from the
confined space.
2.3.5 Ensure that all tests specified by the permit have been conducted
and recorded.
2.3.6 Ensure that the appropriate entries have been made on the
permit.
2.3.7 Ensure that the permit space is isolated to the extent possible. If
isolation of the permit space is not feasible because the space is
large or part of a continuous system, entry conditions shall be
continuously monitored in areas where authorized entrants are
working.
2.3.8 Ensure that all procedures and equipment specified by the permit
are in place before endorsing the permit and allowing entry to
begin.
2.3.9 Sign the Entry Permit. Permits are not valid unless signed by the
Entry Supervisor.
2.3.10 Terminate the entry and cancel the permit as required.
2.3.11 Remove unauthorized individuals who enter or attempt to enter
the permit space during entry operations.
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 56 | 3 of 34 |
2.3.12 Determine that entry operations remain consistent with the terms
of the entry permit and that acceptable entry conditions are
maintained.
2.3.13 Document on the Entry Permit or on a separate sheet, any
incidents or circumstances requiring review of the confined space
entry program. Sign the written documentation and if a separate
sheet is used be sure that the permit number is written on the
sheet and the sheet is attached to the Entry Permit. Such
incidents include but are not limited to the following:
a. Unauthorized entry or entry attempt.
b. The detection of a condition/hazard not authorized by the
permit.
c. The occurrence of an injury or near-miss during entry.
d. A change in use, configuration of the space reclassification
from a permit required confined space to a non-permit
required confined space.
e. Entrant concerns about the entry (procedure, tools, etc.)
f. Determines procedures for coordination of entry when
personnel from multiple employers will work
simultaneously.
2.3.14 When work is completed sign, remove, and file the canceled entry
permit and all attachments.
2.3.15 If the permit space must be evacuated for any unacceptable
condition, the entry supervisor shall:
a. Order the entrants to exit the confined space.
b. Note the unacceptable condition on the entry permit.
c. Cancel the entry permit.
d. Retain the canceled Entry Permit with all attachments for
annual review.
e. Correct the unacceptable condition if re-entry is planned.
Document the corrective action.
f. Verify the conditions in the confined space are acceptable
if re-entry is planned.
g. Issue a new Entry Permit before allowing re-entry.
2.4 The Attendant is responsible for the following:
2.4.1 Prior to worker entry into the confined space, the attendant shall
have determined the location of the nearest functional telephone,
and verified the working condition of the two-way radio or other
means of communications in case of an emergency.
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 56 | 4 of 34 |
## 2.4.2 Know the hazard(s) that may be encountered during entry. Information shall include:
a. The mode.
b. Signs or symptoms.
c. Consequences of the exposure.
2.4.3 Is aware of possible behavioral effects of hazard exposure in
authorized entrants.
2.4.4 Continuously maintains an accurate count of authorized
entrants in the permit space and accurately identifies who is
in the permit space. Records the names of any additional
entrants. Records all times of entry and exit of each entrant.
2.4.5 **Remains outside of the permit space during operations until**
**relieved by another attendant**.
2.4.6 Communicates with entrants continuously to monitor status and to
alert entrants of the need to evacuate the space.
2.4.7 Monitors activities inside and outside the space and orders
entrants to evacuate the space immediately under any of the
following conditions:
a. If the attendant detects a prohibited condition.
b. If the attendant detects the behavioral effects of hazard
exposure in an authorized entrant.
c. If the attendant detects a situation outside the space that
could endanger the authorized entrants.
d. If the attendant cannot effectively and safely perform his
duties.
e. An evacuation alarm is sounded.
2.4.8 Notify the Entry Supervisor immediately after taking the
emergency action required, of the emergency, unusual situations
or conditions.
2.4.9 Summon rescue and other emergency services as soon as the
attendant determines that authorized entrants may need
assistance to escape from permit space hazards.
2.4.10 Takes the following actions when unauthorized persons approach
or enter a permit space while authorized entry is under way:
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 56 | 5 of 34 |
a. Warn the unauthorized persons that they must stay away
from the permit space.
b. Advise the unauthorized persons that they must exit
immediately if they have entered the permit space.
c. Inform the authorized entrants and the Entry Supervisor if
unauthorized persons have entered the permit space.
2.4.11 Performs **non-entry** rescues.
2.4.12 Does Not Perform and May Not be assigned any duties that will
interfere with the attendant's primary duty to monitor and protect
the entrants.
2.4.13 Attendants may only monitor one confined space. Monitoring of
multiple confined spaces is not allowed.
## 2.5 Entrants are responsible for the following:
2.5.1 Know the hazard(s) that may be encountered during entry.
Information shall include:
a. The mode.
b. Signs and symptoms.
c. Consequences of the exposure.
2.5.2 Communicating with the attendant continuously to enable the
attendant to monitor entrant status and to enable the attendant to
alert entrants of the need to evacuate the space.
## 2.5.3 Alert the attendant whenever:
a. The entrant recognizes any warning sign or symptom of
exposure to a dangerous situation.
b. The entrant detects a prohibited condition.
2.5.4 Exit from the permit space as soon as possible when:
a. An order to evacuate is given by the attendant or the entry
supervisor.
b. The entrant recognizes any warning sign or symptom of
exposure to a dangerous situation.
c. The entrant detects a prohibited condition.
d. An evacuation alarm is activated.
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 56 | 6 of 34 |
2.5.5 After the entry is completed, ensure that the confined space is
clear and free of hazards. This includes but is not limited to the
following:
a. Removal of tools, equipment and debris from the confined
space at the completion of the job.
b. Confirm that all blinds are removed, all valves properly
opened or closed, lines are properly reconnected, all locks
and/or tags are removed and the space is completely
ready to be returned to service.
c. Clean the surrounding area.
## 3. DEFINITIONS
3.1 **ATTENDANT** - means an individual assigned to remain immediately
outside the entrance to the confined space, to monitor authorized
entrants, to perform all the attendant's duties assigned by this procedure
and who may render assistance as needed to entrants inside the space
without entering the space.
3.2 **BLIND, BLINDING or BLANKING** - means the absolute closure of a
pipe, line or duct, to prevent passage of any material by fastening a solid
plate or "cap" across the bore and which is capable of withstanding the
maximum potential upstream pressure and temperature.
3.3 **CALIBRATION or RECALIBRATION** - means a laboratory or bench-top
resetting of alarm points, spans and zeros, if applicable, according to
manufacturer specifications. Calibration or re-calibration shall be
conducted by a factory authorized service center, a factory trained
technician, or a trained university technician.
## 3.4
## CONFINED SPACE - means any space:
3.4.1 That is large enough and so configured that an associate can
bodily enter and perform assigned work.
3.4.2 Not intended for continuous employee occupancy.
3.4.3 Having a limited means for worker entry or exit due to the number,
size or location of openings.
3.4.4 That has doors and other portals through which a person could
walk are not considered limited means for entry and exit.
However, a space containing such a door or portal may still be
deemed a confined space if an entrant's ability to escape in an
emergency would be hindered.
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 56 | 7 of 34 |
**3.4.5 Note l: Confined spaces generally include, but are not limited**
**to: storage tanks, bins, boilers, ventilation or exhaust ducts,**
**sewers, manholes, underground utility vaults, tunnels and**
**pipelines. Open top spaces more than four feet in depth such**
**as: pits, tubs, and vaults may also be confined spaces.**
3.5 **CPR** - Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation.
3.6 **DOUBLE BLOCK AND BLEED** - means the closure of a line, duct or
pipe by locking and tagging a drain or vent to open to the atmosphere in
the line between two locked-closed valves.
3.7 **ENGULFMENT** - means the surrounding and effective capture of a
person by finely divided particulate matter or a liquid. There is potential
for engulfment when such particulate matter or liquid exists in a sufficient
quantity or at a sufficient pressure to surround a person before a normal
exit can be effected.
3.8 **ENTRANT** - any associate who enters a confined space. **A QUALIFIED**
**ENTRANT** is a person who:
3.8.1 Has a valid need to enter a confined space.
3.8.2 Has been trained as required by this procedure.
3.8.3 Has been briefed on the hazards of the confined space and is
properly protected from all such hazards by use of appropriate
engineering controls or personal protective equipment.
## 3.9
## ENTRY - means:
3.9.1 Any action resulting in any part of the associate's body breaking
the plane of an opening of the confined space.
3.9.2 Includes any ensuing work activities inside the confined space.
3.9.3 All periods of time that the confined space is occupied.
3.10 **ENTRY PERMIT** - means the written or printed document to allow and
control entry into a permit space for a stated purpose during a specified
time. The confined space entry permit must be properly completed prior
to any confined space entry and must be posted at the portal of the
confined space in use.
## 3.11
## ENTRY SUPERVISOR (QUALIFIED PERSON) - means:
3.11.1 A person who is trained in all aspects of this procedure and how
to recognize the hazards of the confined space, how to evaluate
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 56 | 8 of 34 |
those anticipated hazards, and shall be capable of specifying
necessary control measures to ensure worker safety.
3.11.2 The person responsible for determining if acceptable entry
conditions are present at a permit space where entry is planned,
for authorizing entry, overseeing entry operations and for
terminating entry.
3.11.3 The entry supervisor may or may not actually participate
throughout the entry, but shall be on the scene during the
issuance of any confined space entry permit and be readily
available for consultation.
3.12 **EMERGENCY** - means any occurrence, internal or external to the permit
space, of an event including the failure of hazard control or monitoring
equipment that could endanger entrants.
3.13 **FIELD CHECKED** - means the checking of the accuracy of an
instrument's response to a known concentration of a gas: a method of
checking an instrument for a proper response in the field. It is a check of
the instrument's functionality and is a pass/fail or go/no-go check. When
an adequate response is not obtained, the equipment shall be removed
from service and adjusted or repaired by a factory authorized service
center or a factory trained technician.
**3.14 GROUND FAULT CIRCUIT INTERRUPTER (GFCI)** - means a device
whose function is to interrupt the electric circuit to the load when a fault
current to ground exceeds a predetermined value that is less than that
required to operate the over-current protective device of the supply
circuit.
**3.15 HAZARDOUS ATMOSPHERE** - means an atmosphere presenting a
potential for death, disablement, injury, acute illness, or the inability to
escape unaided from a permit space, from one or more of the following
causes:
3.15.1 A flammable gas, vapor, or mist in excess of 10% of its Lower
Flammable Limit (LFL).
3.15.2 An oxygen- deficient atmosphere containing less than 19.5%
oxygen by volume or an oxygen enriched atmosphere containing
more than 23.0% oxygen by volume.
3.15.3 An atmospheric concentration of any substance listed in Subpart
Z of Part 1910 Standards above the listed numerical value of the
Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL). In the case of substances for
which no PEL has been established, the Director of Health and
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 56 | 9 of 34 |
Safety must be contacted to establish a safe atmospheric
concentration prior to entry.
3.15.4 An airborne combustible dust at a concentration that obscures
vision at a distance of 5 feet or less.
3.15.5 A concentration of an air contaminant that is considered
Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health (IDLH) by any published
source, including the manufacturer's Material Safety Data Sheet
(MSDS).
3.15.6 A condition Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health (IDLH) as
defined in this procedure.
**3.16 HOT WORK** - Work that produces arcs, sparks, flames, heat, or other
sources of ignition. This includes but is not limited to burning, welding,
grinding, riveting and space heating.
**3.17 INTRINSICALLY SAFE** - Equipment that is explosion proof and will not
produce sparks or other ignition sources.
**3.18 (IMMEDIATELY DANGEROUS TO LIFE AND HEALTH IDLH)** - means
any condition that poses an immediate or delayed threat to life, or which is
likely to result in acute or immediately severe health effects or that would
interfere with an individuals ability to escape unaided from a confined
space.
**NOTE: Only qualified personnel with proper protective equipment**
**may be permitted to enter IDHL confined space.**
**3.19 IMMEDIATE SEVERE HEALTH EFFECTS** - means that an acute clinical
sign of serious, exposure-related reaction is manifested within 72 hours of
exposure.
**3.20 INERTING** - displacement of the atmosphere by a nonreactive gas (such
as nitrogen) to such an extent that the resulting atmosphere is
noncombustible.
**NOTE: This procedure (INERTING) produces an IDHL oxygen**
**deficient atmosphere.**
**3.21 LFL -** Lower Flammable Limit - the minimum concentration of a flammable
gas or vapor in air (usually expressed in percent by volume at sea level),
that will ignite if an ignition source is present.
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 56 | 10 of 34 |
**3.22 LINE BREAKING** - the intentional opening of a pipe, line or duct that is/or
has been carrying flammable, corrosive or toxic material, an inert gas
and/or fluid at a volume, pressure, or temperature capable of causing
injury.
**3.23 LOCKOUT OR TAGOUT** - means placing locks or tags on the energy
isolating device(s). The key for any lock used for Lockout shall remain with
the person working within the confined space.
**3.24 OXYGEN DEFICIENT ATMOSPHERE** - an atmosphere containing less
than 19.5 percent oxygen by volume.
**3.25 OXYGEN ENRICHED ATMOSPHERE** - an atmosphere containing more
than 23.0 percent oxygen by volume. (VOSH Standard.)
**3.26 PEL** - Permissible Exposure Limit.
**3.27 Permit Required Confined Space or Permit Space** - those spaces
which meet the requirement of Confined space and which also pose
health or safety hazards such as:
3.27.1 A current or potentially hazardous atmosphere.
3.27.2 Potential worker entrapment (from inwardly converging walls or
downward sloping floor).
3.27.3 A potential for engulfment.
3.27.4 Contains any other serious safety or health hazard.
3.28 **PPE** - Personal Protective Equipment.
3.29 **PURGING** - the method by which gases, vapors or other airborne
contaminants are displaced.
3.30 **RESCUE TEAM** - means those employees whom the Director of Health
and Safety has designated and provided training to perform rescues from
confined spaces PRIOR to any confined space entries. A rescue team
from the local fire department will normally be the rescuers of choice
PROVIDING THAT THE TRAINING REQUIREMENTS OF THIS
PROCEDURE HAVE BEEN MET.
3.31 **RETRIEVAL LINE** - means a line or rope secured at one end to a
worker's safety belt, chest or body harness, or wristlets with the other end
secured to an anchor point or lifting device located outside the entry
---
| Revision No. | Policy Section No. | Page |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 56 | 11 of 34 |
portal. The anchor point shall not be a motor vehicle. Retrieval lines shall
be of sufficient strength to remove an entrant when necessary.
## 3.32 SCBA - Self Contained Breathing Apparatus
3.33 **ZERO MECHANICAL STATE** - means that the mechanical potential
energy of all portions of the machine or equipment is at its lowest
practical value, set so that the opening of the pipe(s), tube(s), hose(s), or
actuation of any valve, lever or button will not produce a movement which
could cause injury.
## 3.34
## CONFINED SPACE IDENTIFICATION AND CLASSIFICATION:
## 3.34.1 Entry Supervisors are responsible for:
a. Identifying and classifying all confined spaces into which
employees will enter. Entry is considered to have taken
place as soon as any part of the entrant’s body breaks
the plane of an opening into the space.
b. Identifying and providing written information as to the
contents of the space, atmospheric conditions and rescue
procedures. This information is to be forwarded to the Site
Safety Coordinator for inclusion into Attachment A.
3.34.2 A permit required confined space is:
a. A confined space that meets the stated definition.
b. Contains or could contain a hazardous atmosphere.
c. Has an internal configuration such that an entrant could be
trapped or asphyxiated by inwardly converging walls or
by a floor that slopes downward and tapers to a smaller
cross-section.
d. Contains any other recognized serious safety or health
hazard.
1. If a space is not considered "permit required" but
meets the criteria in this procedure, it must be
considered permit required for entry.
## 4.
## Reclassification:
4.1 Although ALL confined spaces are initially considered "permit required
confined spaces", certain spaces can be reclassified as "a non-permit
confined space" provided the following apply:
4.1.1 Site specific approval of a qualified professional. (i.e.: Site Safety
Coordinator, Entry Supervisor, etc.)
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4.1.2 All contaminants, vessels containing contaminants, and
contaminated material have been removed.
4.1.3 All actual or potential atmospheric hazards have been eliminated
and verified by testing.
4.1.4 Ventilation is not required to maintain control of atmospheric
hazards.
4.1.5 All recognized hazards have been eliminated.
4.2 The Entry Supervisor shall document in writing on a separate sheet, the
basis for reclassifying a permit required confined space to a non-permit
required confined space, sign and date the statement, ref. the Entry
Permit Number, and attach the sheet to the Entry Permit.
4.3 The space shall be reevaluated whenever the use or configuration of the
space changes in any way that might increase the hazard to entrants. If
necessary the space shall be reclassified to permit required confined
space.
4.4 All entrants shall exit the space immediately when hazards are noted.
4.5 The Entry Permit and all attachments shall be posted at the portal to the
confined space.
## 5
## Entry Procedure:
5.1 Entering permit spaces is potentially one of the most dangerous jobs in
the industry. Entry into a confined space shall be conducted only if
necessary to do assigned work. Whenever possible assigned work shall
be done from outside the space.
5.2 This Confined Space Entry Procedure shall be followed for entry into any
defined confined space.
5.3 This procedure is to be used only by trained entry supervisors, entrants
and attendants.
5.4 Hazards of entering confined spaces can be managed safely if the
following principles and procedures are followed:
5.4.1 Identify the confined space and develop a written work plan for
isolating, clearing and entering the space.
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| 5.4.2 Isolate the space from all hazardous energy sources, production streams and/or energized equipment and stored pressure. | | |
| 5.4.3 Empty, flush, purge, ventilate and clear the confined space (from the outside if possible). | | |
| 5.4.4 Identify known and potential hazards or contaminants that may be found in the space. | | |
| 5.4.5 Prohibit entry into the space until atmospheric testing is conducted and the applicable entry permit is completed, signed and posted at the portal to the space. | | |
| 5.4.6 After the space has been removed from service and prior to entry, initial testing of the atmosphere shall be conducted. | | |
| 5.4.7 When removing the space from service, the space shall be opened up as much as possible to allow for good ventilation. | | |
| 5.4.8 After the applicable entry procedures have been conducted, an entrant, attendant or other trained person shall inspect the space to verify that all actions and conditions necessary for safe entry have been performed. | | |
| 5.4.9 Any deficient areas shall be corrected before entry proceeds. | | |
| 5.4.10 Once the inspection is completed, the entry supervisor who performed the inspection shall sign the entry permit. | | |
| 5.4.11 Entry is prohibited until the permit has been completed satisfactorily and signed. | | |
| 5.4.12 Ventilate the space to remove hazardous gases, vapors, dusts and fumes and then test the atmosphere with the ventilation system turned off. | | |
| 5.4.13 Prepare the space, specifying the hazards that may be found, acceptable entry conditions, and required level of PPE to be used. | | |
| 5.4.14 Prepare the Hot Work Permit as applicable if hot work is to be conducted in a confined space. | | |
| 5.4.15 Review the work plans, hazards, safety requirements and PPE requirements with all entry personnel during the pre-entry meeting and with others working near the space before entering the space. | | |
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## 6
## General Requirements:
6.1 Each confined space being entered shall have a minimum of one
dedicated attendant and one other support person (who may have other
duties) within sight or call.
6.2 All Entry Supervisors must be thoroughly familiar with the confined space
entry procedures and shall be responsible for ensuring that all entries are
conducted according to this procedure.
6.3 The use of the space, internal configuration, size of the openings,
contents, constructions materials, internal mechanical devices, unique
characteristics and hazards are all factors that should be known by all
entrants before entering.
6.4 No confined space entry is permitted without a properly executed
Confined Space Entry Permit.
6.5 No confined space will be entered until it has been thoroughly tested for
hazardous conditions and all of those conditions have been properly
eliminated or overcome.
6.6 Unauthorized entry shall be prevented through measures such as
training, posting of signs and barriers.
6.7 All required PPE must be sanitary and in proper working condition prior to
use.
6.8 All members of the entry team must be properly trained, including the
entry supervisor, entrants, attendants and rescue personnel.
6.9 Contingencies/Emergencies specific to each entry must be anticipated
and planned for such as:
6.9.1 Worker asphyxiation, engulfment or injury.
6.9.2 Fire and explosion.
6.9.3 Fluid or gas leaks.
6.10 All support equipment such as breathing apparatus, fire extinguishers,
rescue ropes and harnesses, atmospheric monitors and required
electrical devices (Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters [GFCI], explosion
proof or intrinsically safe equipment, etc.) shall be utilized during entry
and readily available as needed.
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6.11 Rescue procedures and related equipment must be anticipated
beforehand and be readily available during entry.
6.12 Any deviation from this procedure must be approved in writing and
attached to the Entry Permit by the Supervisor responsible for Confined
Space Entry.
## 7
## Confined Space Isolation Procedure:
7.1 Before persons are permitted to enter a confined space the following
isolation procedures shall be conducted where applicable:
7.1.1 Depressurize the confined space if necessary.
7.1.2 The confined space must be isolated by Lockout/Tagout to
preclude the entry of hazardous materials. Prevent the
introduction into the confined space of hazardous materials from
interconnecting equipment such as piping, ducts, vents, drains or
other means. This will include not only inlet and outlet piping but
all potential sources (electrical, thermal, hydraulic, mechanical,
pneumatic, etc.).
7.2 Lockout/Tagout any hazardous energy sources within or attached to the
confined space to prevent accidental movement or energizing of such
sources. Where applicable, one or more of the following methods shall be
used:
7.2.1 Remove a valve, spool piece, or expansion joint in piping to, and
as close as possible to the confined space, and blank or blind a
pipe or duct at the nearest accessible point to the confined space.
7.2.2 Employ the "double block and bleed" technique (a method used to
isolate a confined space from line, duct or pipe by locking closed
and tagging in-line valves on a piping system, and opening a
valve between them that is vented to the atmosphere) at the
nearest accessible point to the space.
7.2.3 In cases where lines have contained hazardous liquids or gases,
inert gases, or gases or liquids at high temperature or pressure,
all lines entering the space (process, steam, pneumatic or
hydraulic lines, vents, drains, etc.) shall be physically
disconnected as close to the tank or vessel as possible and
practical.
7.2.4 Lines shall also be physically disconnected if they could introduce
non-hazardous substances into the space in quantities that could
engulf the entrants. If possible the open ends of disconnected
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lines must be blanked or capped to prevent any liquids or gases
from entering the space. All blind flanges must be of sufficient
thickness and tensile strength to withstand maximum pressures
and corrosion by chemicals to which they may be exposed.
7.2.5 Pressure in the lines must be bled down to atmospheric levels.
Where lines cannot be physically disconnected due to space
limitations, they may be blinded and tagged or a double block and
bleed arrangement may be used.
7.3 To avoid the buildup of static electricity, all lines and other equipment
used during the entry shall be electrically bonded and grounded to the
space.
7.4 All sources of ignition within the space, and those nearby which are close
enough to pose a hazardous, shall be turned off and locked out.
## 8
## Ventilation:
8.1 Continuous ventilation of the space shall be performed under the
following cases:
8.1.1 Initial air monitoring was not acceptable.
8.1.2 Natural ventilation is not adequate (example, space has only one
entrance).
8.1.3 Chemicals are to be introduced into the space for cleaning or
other purposes.
8.1.4 Welding or other “hot work” is to be conducted inside the space.
8.2 Only intrinsically safe air movers shall be used to ventilate confined
spaces. Such air movers must be electrically bonded and grounded to
prevent any buildup of static charge during operation.
8.3 Oxygen or power air-driven ventilators shall not be used to ventilate
space.
8.4 Air movers used for ventilation shall be operated in the supply mode. The
ventilation rate shall be high enough to achieve 20 air changes per hour.
8.5 Blowers shall be placed within 5 feet of the entry to the space to prevent
re-entry of contaminated air.
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8.6 Whenever possible, air movers shall be used with ducting to increase the
efficiency of ventilation in the space and to prevent re-entry of
contaminated air. For maximum efficiency, the end of the ducting must be
placed within 2 feet from the bottom of the space.
8.7 If the ventilation stops, all entrants shall evacuate the space immediately.
8.8 The space must be thoroughly ventilated using atmospheric air only
(never compressed air or oxygen). The equipment providing the
ventilation outside the confined space must be situated to ensure that it
does not introduce exhaust fumes or other toxic gases into the space.
8.9 Continuous ventilation shall be used while welding in a confined space or
working in tank/vessel(s) that contain sludge, scale or other flammable
materials
## 9
## Potential Hazards Of Confined Space Entry:
9.1 Asphyxiation may occur because:
9.1.1 Certain chemicals can absorb or replace oxygen in the space
(inert gases).
9.1.3 Metal oxidation (rusting) inside a closed vessel may deplete
oxygen from the atmosphere.
9.1.2 Welding processes can deplete oxygen in the confined space and
elevate the carbon monoxide levels.
9.1.4 Improper or inadequate ventilation can allow toxic or asphyxiation
gases to accumulate within the space.
9.2 Gases or dusts present a fire and/or explosion hazard and:
9.2.1 May come from residues in the confined space.
9.2.2 May enter from upstream or downstream components.
9.2.3 May be introduced by compressed welding gases (acetylene,
oxygen, etc.).
9.2.4 May be introduced by liquid or gaseous releases from outside the
confined space.
9.3 Toxic substances or atmospheres:
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9.3.1 May be introduced from inside or outside the space.
9.3.2 May cause damage through inhalation, ingestion or direct skin
contact.
9.3.3 Exposure effects may vary from mild to fatal.
9.3.4 May be generated from procedures or materials used during the
entry.
9.4 Electric shock can occur if electrical energy to the space is not properly
disconnected and locked out or tagged out, or if equipment used in the
space is improperly grounded or insulated.
9.5 Physical injuries can occur because of:
9.5.1 Slippery conditions within the space.
9.5.2 Falling objects.
9.5.3 Contact with hot metal or corrosive chemicals.
9.5.4 Failure to disconnect and lock out all energy supplies to moving
equipment inside the confined space.
9.5.5 Poor lighting.
9.5.6 Cave-in when working in a trench or excavation.
9.6 **Note** existing or potential hazards such as:
9.6.1 Oxygen deficiency or enrichment.
9.6.2 Flammability.
9.6.3 Toxicity.
9.6.4 Mechanical hazards.
9.6.5 Heat hazards.
9.6.6 Engulfment.
## 10 Confined Space Atmospheric Monitoring Procedures:
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10.1 A written record of the pre-entry atmospheric monitoring results shall be
documented and kept at the work site for the duration of the entry. This
record is part of the entry permit and is to be kept on file for 1 year.
10.2 The entry supervisor shall certify in writing, based upon the results of the
pre-entry atmospheric monitoring, that all hazards have been eliminated.
10.3 All affected persons must be able to review the test results.
10.4 The most hazardous conditions will govern when work is being performed
in two adjoining, connecting spaces.
10.5 After the space has been removed from service and prior to entry, a
trained entrant or attendant shall conduct initial testing of the atmosphere
inside the space. The testing shall be performed in the following
sequence:
10.5.1 Oxygen.
10.5.2 Flammable atmosphere (%LFL), and
10.5.3 Toxic gases or vapors. Record the readings on the entry permit.
10.6 Atmospheric testing shall be conducted using only properly calibrated air
monitoring equipment. Properly calibrated equipment is equipment that
has been calibrated using the manufacturer's recommended
specifications within the past 90 days. The most recent calibration date
shall be marked on the equipment and in the log book for testing and
maintenance of such equipment.
10.7 After appropriate ventilation, a check of the atmosphere inside the
confined space shall be conducted prior to entry, as determined by the
potential hazard and immediately prior to any hot work. If IDLH conditions
are suspected, an air supplied respirator must be used while conducting
initial testing. Record the readings.
10.8 Ventilating equipment shall be turned off at least fifteen minutes prior to
performing any atmospheric monitoring to ensure that the values shown
are representative of the raw atmosphere within the space.
10.9 Tests shall be conducted with a properly calibrated detector(s) in the
following order:
10.9.1 Oxygen.
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10.9.2 Flammable vapors (%LEL).
10.9.3 Suspected airborne contaminants.
10.10 The person conducting the atmospheric monitoring shall initial and list on
the permit the date/time the testing was conducted and the results of the
test.
10.11 Atmospheric monitoring shall be conducted at a minimum of 3 locations
within the space (i.e., bottom, middle, and top of space) for a minimum of
1 minute in each location. Record the readings on the entry permit.
10.12 If entry is to be through a manhole, initial air monitoring shall be
conducted through the manhole cover without removing the cover
whenever possible. This is to prevent sparking in case of a flammable
atmosphere in the space.
10.13 If entry is to be through the side of a space, testing immediately inside
the space shall be conducted prior to entry. After entry, atmospheric
monitoring of the space 5 feet in front of the entrant shall be conducted
using a 3 foot probe.
10.14 All atmospheric monitoring results shall be legibly recorded on the entry
permit documenting the range of results obtained from the different
sampling locations within the space.
10.15 Entry into a confined space is prohibited when one or more of the
following conditions are present:
10.15.1Atmospheric oxygen concentration below 19.5 or
above 23.0 percent.
10.15.2Flammable atmosphere in excess of 10 percent of its LEL.
10.15.3Airborne combustible dust at a concentration that obscures
vision at a distance of 5 feet or less, or combustible dust
concentration is more than LEL.
10.15.4Any air contaminant at a concentration in excess of its
allowable concentration.
10.15.5If the oxygen concentration is not within the range of 19.5 to 23.0
percent, the reason for the abnormal reading shall be
investigated. Such a reading may indicate the presence of
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another toxin, such as carbon monoxide, that displaces
oxygen. This toxin shall also be monitored for.
10.15.6If any or more of the above conditions exist, the space
be ventilated for a minimum of 10 minutes prior to re-
shall
testing.
a. With the ventilation still on, retest the space.
b. If conditions are still not acceptable, contact a
qualified professional.
10.16 All atmospheric monitoring shall be performed by a trained qualified
person, such as an entry supervisor, Health & Safety professional, etc.,
and all readings are to be recorded on the Confined Space Entry Permit.
10.17 Continuous atmospheric monitoring may be needed based upon the
potential for changing atmospheric conditions. Readings are to be
recorded every fifteen minutes.
## 11 Confined Space Entry Permit:
11.1 The entry permit serves several essential functions:
11.1.1 It restricts entry so that only authorized personnel may enter a
confined space.
11.1.2 It ensures that communication takes place and hazards are
controlled.
11.1.3 It minimizes safety precautions to be taken.
11.1.4 Serves as an official written record of existing conditions,
requirements and safeguards.
11.1.5 Serves as a tool for reviewing this procedure.
## 11.2
Entry into a confined space shall be documented in writing using an
ENTRY PERMIT.
11.2.1 The permit is a written authorization and approval that specify the
job to be done and certify that all hazards have been evaluated
and protected against.
11.2.2 It also serves as a record of all entrants.
11.2.3 All required signatures must be present and the permit must be
filled out completely.
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11.3 Entry permits are only valid for a specified time period (e.g., one task or
one shift).
11.4 Prior to entry, a copy of the entry permit shall be made available to all
entrants by posting it at the portal. All entrants shall examine it to
determine if entry conditions have been met.
11.5 The original permit and any subsequent permits shall be retained for a
minimum of one year.
11.6 All permit required confined space entries shall have the following
minimum equipment at the entry site prior to initiating the entry:
11.6.1 Communication equipment.
11.6.3 Appropriate PPE.
11.6.2 Full body harness.
11.6.4 For top entry: rescue line & tripod retrieval winch.
11.6.5 For bottom entry: rescue line, wristlets.
11.7 A separate Hot Work Permit shall be obtained for any welding, burning,
drilling or other hot work that will take place within the space and attached
to the entry permit.
11.8 The Entry Permit shall outline the elements of a rescue plan for the
rescue of entrants in case of an emergency. It will outline at least the
following elements:
11.8.1 Designated rescuers.
11.8.2 Equipment.
11.8.3 Methods of summoning the rescue team.
11.9 Prior to any confined space entry, a pre-entry safety meeting shall be
held that involves all participants and covers at least the following points:
11.9.1 Review all existing or potential hazards that may exist in the
space.
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11.9.2 Review the required levels of PPE. The entry supervisor shall
ensure that each participant has the proper PPE and knows how
to use it.
11.9.3 Discuss the work to be performed, who will do it and how it will be
done safely.
11.9.4 Review the rescue plan that will be activated in case of
emergency.
11.9.5 Anyone not attending the pre-entry safety meeting will not be
allowed to enter the permit space until they have been briefed on
all the information presented at that meeting.
## 11.10 Preparation of the Entry Permit:
11.10.1 Entry into a permit-required confined space shall not be
made unless an entry supervisor has assured that the
following procedures have first been completed:
11.10.2Obtain a blank Entry Permit and fill it out. The permit will
indicate:
a. The specific confined space to be entered.
b. What work is to be performed.
c. The length of time estimated to complete the work.
Permits are only valid for 12 hours. A permit may
be extended for another 12 hours provided that
acceptable conditions are re-certified and the test
results entered on the permit.
d. What date and time the work will be started.
e. What personnel, names and titles, will perform the
work.
f. Name and title of authorizing authority.
g. Name and title of Entry Supervisor.
h. Name and title of person acting as the “Attendant”.
i. All pumps or lines which may convey flammable,
injurious, or incapacitating substances into the
confined space shall be disconnected, blinded,
(double blocked or bled), or effectively isolated by
other means to prevent the development of
dangerous levels of air contamination or oxygen
deficiency within the space. The closing of valves
alone, or the closing of valves and locking or
tagging of them, is not considered effective
protection. The disconnection or blind shall be so
located or done in such a manner that inadvertent
reconnection of the line or removal of the blind are
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effectively prevented.
**j. NOTE: This does not require the blocking of all**
**laterals to sewers or storm drains unless**
**experience or knowledge of industrial use**
**indicates materials resulting in dangerous air**
**contamination may be dumped into an**
**occupied sewer.**
k**.** The atmospheric testing equipment must be “field
checked” prior to testing the atmosphere in the
confined space.
l. Atmospheric testing must be conducted for oxygen
levels between 19.5% and 23.0% by volume and
the percentage found is to be entered on the
permit. The last calibration date of the oxygen
detector must be entered on the permit.
m**.** Atmospheric testing must be conducted for
flammable gas, vapors or mists in excess of 10%
of its LEL and results noted on the permit. The last
calibration date of the combustible gas indicator
must be entered on the permit.
n. The confined space must be flushed or emptied of
all dangerous substances and then tested for
known toxic substances for the Permissible
Exposure Limit (PEL) per Attachment A.
1. Enter the value of the PEL on the permit.
2. If a hazardous atmosphere is present
ventilation and respirators must be
provided.
O. Electrical and mechanical hazards must be
removed or prevented from causing a hazardous
situation.
1. Employees entering a permit-required
confined space with a hazardous
atmosphere must be provided with an
appropriate retrieval device, retrieval line
and an appropriate respirator. The
associate must have received and have
documented training on the use of a
respirator. If a hazardous atmosphere is
present atmosphere testing shall be
conducted every hour that the confined
space is occupied and results noted on the
permit.
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p. If there is a problem, necessary action shall be
taken to ensure the safety of those involved. The
attendant is to contact the applicable rescue team
and inform them of the conditions when they arrive
on the scene.
**q. NOTE: Under NO circumstances is the**
**attendant to enter the confined space.**
r. When the work has been completed the Entry
Supervisor shall sign the permit as being
completed and all conditions in the confined space
have been returned to normal, the space is closed
and properly marked.
## 12 Confined Space Illumination:
12.1 All confined spaces shall be properly illuminated.
12.2 When temporary lighting is used in confined spaces containing
combustible or flammable dusts, residues or contaminates, the following
requirements shall be met:
12.2.1 All temporary lighting and powered equipment shall be protected
by the use of a Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI) or be the
low voltage type (12 volts).
12.2.2 All lighting shall be Factory Mutual (FM) or Underwriters
Laboratories (UL) approved. Equipment used in hazardous areas
shall match the classification of the area (i.e., Class 1 or 2,
Division 1 or 2, etc.).
12.2.3 Extension cords used for temporary lighting shall be equipped
with connectors or switches approved for hazardous locations.
## 13 Protective Equipment:
13.1 Appropriate protective equipment (selection based on exposure) shall be
worn during entry. This may include but is not limited to the following:
13.1.1 Protective clothing.
13.1.2 Hard hat.
13.1.3 Gloves.
13.1.4 Suitable work boots.
13.1.5 Safety glasses with side shields, or face shields.
13.1.6 Respiratory protection.
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13.2 No one will use respiratory protection unless they have been properly
trained and qualified in its use according to 1910.134.
13.3 A rescue line shall be worn by all entrants unless it would increase the
overall risk of entry.
**13.3.1** The rescue line shall be attached to a mechanical device or fixed
point outside the space. **Under NO circumstances is the line to**
**be fastened to a vehicle.**
13.3.2 A mechanical device must be available to retrieve personnel from
vertical type spaces more than 5’ deep.
13.3.3 A full body harness shall be worn for all top entry confined
spaces.
13.4 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is necessary for entry into a
confined space if the space contains a corrosive hazard or if chemicals
brought into the space requires such clothing.
13.4.1 The proper type of PPE must be assigned for use in confined
spaces based on the types and amounts of hazardous
substances present in the confined space.
13.4.2 The Entry Supervisor is to contact the Site Safety Coordinator if
there is any question about what is the proper PPE for a particular
entry.
13.4.3 Additional information may be obtained from the applicable
MSDS.
13.5 Where required, PPE shall be used in accordance with 1910.134, and
shall be NIOSH approved.
13.5.1 Respiratory protection is required in situations where hazardous
dusts are present and when atmospheric monitoring results
dictate.
13.5.2 The Site Safety Coordinator shall determine the proper type of
respiratory equipment required.
13.5.3 Employees must be trained in the proper selection and use of
PPE.
13.6 Retrieval equipment is required for all permit required confined spaces
such as entries that:
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13.6.1 Present an engulfment hazard from the presence of a material
inside the space during entry.
13.6.2 Involve hot work or the presence of chemicals inside the space.
13.6.3 Require the use of air supplying respirators.
13.7 Retrieval equipment shall include:
13.7.1 A retrieval line that shall be attached to a mechanical device or
fixed point outside the permit space in such a manner that rescue
can begin as soon as the rescuer becomes aware that rescue is
necessary. A mechanical device shall be available to retrieve
associates from vertical type permit spaces more than 5’ feet
deep.
13.7.2 A chest or full body harness, with a retrieval line attached at the
center of the entrants back near shoulder level, or above the
entrants head. Wristlets may be used in place of the chest or full
body harness if the Entry Supervisor can demonstrate that the
use of a chest or full body harness is infeasible or creates a
greater hazard and that the use of wristlets is the safest and most
effective alternative.
13.7.3 Fall protection for spaces greater than 6’ feet in depth and
requiring entry through the top.
13.8 As a minimum, safety glasses and safety shoes or boots shall be worn
while in a confined space.
## 14 Miscellaneous Tools and Equipment:
14.1 Many types of tools and equipment may be utilized to conduct a confined
space entry. The tools and equipment shall meet the following minimum
criteria:
14.1.1 Electrical tools using nominal 120 volt alternating current
shall be grounded and connected only to a GFCI circuit.
(Low voltage systems (12 volts) are preferred.)
14.1.1 Within spaces where a flammable atmosphere may exist, all
electrical equipment shall be explosion proof or intrinsically safe.
14.1.2 All electrical lighting systems shall be connected to a GFCI circuit
or provided by a 12 volt electrical system.
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14.1.3 Where ladder or scaffolding use is required, all equipment shall
be non-slip/skid and shall be secured (tied off) as necessary to
ensure against falling.
14.1.4 Arc welding equipment shall be properly grounded, taken into
space only when needed and removed as soon as possible. A
Hot Work Permit is required.
14.1.5 Compressed gas cylinders (except breathing air and portable fire
extinguishers) **ARE NOT** to be taken into any confined space.
Oxyacetylene hoses and arc welding equipment may be taken
into the space but must be checked for leaks and/or cracks prior
to use. If leaks or cracks are found the hose or cable shall be
replaced immediately.
## 15 Medical Considerations:
15.1 Individuals who are claustrophobic should be made aware of the conditions
involved in a confined space and should notify their supervisor if they feel
unable to function in such an environment. The Supervisor should excuse
such individuals.
## 16 Other Precautions:
16.1 The number of confined space entrants should always be kept to a
minimum, especially during “hot work” (welding or burning).
16.2 Entry will not be permitted until entrants have a minimum visual
distance of 5 feet within the confined space.
## 17 Additional Procedures:
17.1 Rescue Service Personnel:
17.1.1 Rescue teams shall be from the local fire department.
17.1.2 All rescuers entering the space shall be trained and
equipped to perform rescues. They shall also be trained as
entrants.
17.1.3 A rescue entry is to be considered as IDHL until proven
otherwise.
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## 17.1.4 Rescuers shall use a separate air supply from those being rescued.
## 17.1.5 Rescue teams shall:
a. Be provided with (at no cost) and trained to use properly,
all necessary equipment to make rescue from a confined
space.
b. Practice making confined space rescues at least once
every twelve months, extracting dummies, mannequins or
personnel from confined space that closely approximate
those for whom rescue may be required.
c. Have each member of the rescue service trained in
basic first-aid and CPR. At least one of the
rescuers holding current certification in CPR and
basic first-aid shall be available.
d. Reserve teams shall be on site during any IDLH entry.
e. Rescue teams shall be given an opportunity to examine
the entry site, practice rescue, and decline as appropriate.
## 17.2 Emergency Preparation and Procedures:
17.2.1 Appropriate fire protection and/or water supply should be
readily available and operable if needed.
17.1.2 For emergencies:
a. At least one reserve air line cart and two air lines
must be readily available.
b. A rescue harness and line(s) must be available.
c. If necessary, a SCBA may be used in lieu of an
airline respirator when used in conjunction with a
five-minute escape bottle.
17.1.3 Attendants will not enter a confined space to make a rescue
unless ALL the following conditions are met:
a. They are relieved by another attendant.
b. They are also trained as entrants.
c. They are equipped with the proper PPE clothing
and equipment.
## 18 Training:
18.1 Managers and Supervisors shall inform their employees of the hazards of
working in confined spaces and permit-required confined spaces by
providing specific training to employees before they may be authorized to
enter a confined space.
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18.2 For those working in confined spaces, training shall be conducted in the
following manner. At the time of hire and annually for all current
employees. Training shall be documented. All training records shall be
maintained for a period of not less than 3 years.
18.3 New employees shall receive an introduction to confined space entry
procedures from the Site Safety Coordinator. It will include a briefing on
and a copy of, the confined space entry procedure Supervisors must
ensure that untrained employees **DO NOT** participate in confined space
entries.
18.4 All entry supervisors, entrants and attendants shall attend an annual
training course to keep aware of changing requirements and to maintain
skills. Supervisors shall document through the Site Safety Coordinator
that the required training has been received and that the employee is
proficient in the duties required of him/her. Documentation shall contain
each trained associate's name, the signature of the trainer and the date
of training.
18.5 Training shall include but is not limited to the following:
18.5.1 All entry supervisors, entrants and attendants of a confined space
shall have completed training on the related Facilities
Management Policies and Procedures that meet applicable VOSH
regulations, including 1910.146 (Permit Required Confined
Space), 1910.134 Respiratory Protection), 1910.1200 (Hazard
Communication) and 1910.147 (Hazardous Energy Control
[Lockout/Tagout]).
18.5.2 Use of atmospheric testing devices, for those employees required
to perform atmospheric tests, including field checks as specified
by the manufacturer, normal use and specific limitations of the
equipment.
18.5.3 Use of special equipment and tools, including rescue equipment.
18.5.4 Emergency and rescue methods and procedures.
18.5.5 Duties of the "entry supervisor" during permit-required confined
space operations.
18.5.6 Duties of the "attendant" during permit required confined spaces.
18.5.7 Duties of the "entrant" during permit required confined spaces.
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18.5.8 The entry permit system.
18.5.9 A "hands on" practice session.
18.6 Training shall be given to affected employees at the following times:
18.6.1 Before the employee is first assigned duties relating to confined
space.
18.6.2 Before there is a change in his/her assigned duties related to
confined space.
18.6.3 Whenever there is a change in permit space operations that
presents a hazard about which the associate has not been
trained.
18.6.4 Whenever the supervisor has reason to believe that the
employee’s knowledge or use of procedures are inadequate or
there have been deviations from those procedures.
18.6.5 A written test will be required to be completed by all trainees. The
test shall be written by the trainer and is to be sufficient in nature
to determine that the trainee has learned the necessary safety
requirements of a confined space entry.
18.6.6 Failure to pass the written test with a score of at least 70% correct
shall result in re-training.
18.7 Rescue Teams shall be trained to use the equipment they may need to
perform rescue functions.
18.7.1 Rescue teams, including those from emergency community
service organizations, shall practice annually removing victims
from representative confined spaces of the same configurations
and accessibility from which an actual rescue could be required.
18.7.2 The attendant and/or at least one member of each rescue team
shall hold a current certification in basic first aid and CPR (Cardio-
Pulmonary Resuscitation).
18.8 Training records shall be kept on file by the Safety Manager and shall
include the following information:
18.8.1 Date of the training program.
18.8.2 The instructor(s) name and title.
L:\2009 NEW EH & S JAN. 2009\SECTION 3\17 CONFINED SPACE PROGRAM.DOC
DATE: 5/19/2017 10:41 AM
LAST MODIFIED BY: MHOLLAR
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18.8.3 Names of employees and titles.
18.8.4 Outline of topics covered.
18.8.5 Copies of tests and test scores.
## 19 Contractors and Sub-Contractors:
19.1 Sub Contractors shall be informed by the Project Manager of the hazards
of the confined space prior to the beginning of work. The Project
Manager shall provide the sub contractor with an evaluation of the
confined space(s) involved, Confined Space Entry procedure, MSDS’s for
any chemicals in the area of the job and the Lockout/Tagout Procedure.
The Project Manager shall also audit the sub contractor to verify proper
work practices.
19.2 (Reference CFR 1910.146 (C)(8): When an employer (host employer)
arranges to have employees of another employer (contractor) perform
work that involves permit space entry, the host employer shall:(i) Inform
the contractor that the workplace contains permit spaces and that permit
space entry is allowed only through compliance with an permit space
program meeting the requirements of this section; (ii) Appraise the
contractor of the elements, including the hazards identified and the host
employer's experience with the space, that make the space in question a
permit space; (iii) Apprise the contractor of any precautions or procedures
that the host employer has implemented for the protection of employees
in or near permit spaces where contractor personnel will be working.(iv)
Coordinate entry operations with the contractor, when both host employer
personnel and contractor personnel will be working in or near permit
spaces, as required by paragraph (d)(11) of this section; and(v) Debrief
the contractor at the conclusion of the entry operations regarding the
permit space program followed and regarding any hazards confronted or
created in permit spaces during entry operations.
19.3 Sub Contractors who will enter confined spaces must be pre-qualified to
perform such work by providing the following documentation to the
Project Manager:
19.3.1 Their general safety policies and procedures.
19.3.2 Their Confined Space Entry Procedure (It must meet the
requirements of CAL/OSHA 1910.146.)
19.3.3 Their Entry Permit Program and Permit.
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19.3.4 Training certification for all involved personnel. At least one
contractor employee on the job site must be certified as an Entry
Supervisor.
19.3.5 Their Hot Work procedures and permit if the job involves hot
work.
19.3.6 Names of past customers where they have done work involving
confined spaces.
19.3.7 List of confined space safety equipment they will provide for use
on the job.
19.3.8 Emergency procedures they will use on the job.
19.3.9 A statement indicating that they have never been cited by state
or federal safety compliance agencies for any confined space
safety infraction. If they have been cited previously, a copy of the
citation and a statement from them describing the corrective
action they have instituted shall be provided.
19.3.10 Reference 1910.146 (C) (9): In addition to complying with the
permit space requirements that apply to all employers, each
contractor who is retained to perform permit space entry
operations shall: Obtain any available information regarding
permit space hazards and entry operations from the host
employer; Coordinate entry operations with the host employer,
when both host employer personnel and contractor personnel will
be working in or near permit spaces, as required by paragraph
(d)(11) of this section; and Inform the host employer of the permit
space program that the contractor will follow and of any hazards
confronted or created in permit spaces, either through a
debriefing or during the entry operation.
19.4 Contractor personnel shall conduct atmospheric monitoring using their
own calibrated equipment and must issue an entry permit using their own
form. Documentation of proper calibration shall be available at the work
site.
19.5 Contractors shall be responsible for the assignment of appropriate PPE
for their personnel.
19.6 Contractors shall have their own appropriate rescue equipment, rescue
team and procedures available at the work site.
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**20**
**21**
19.7 Upon completion of the contractor's confined space work, a copy of the
contractor's Entry Permit shall be forwarded to the Project Manager to be
filed and retained for annual review.
19.9 The Contractor shall provide a signed statement to the Project Manager
that they have received and understand the items mentioned above that
must be provided to the contractor.
19.8 The Contractor shall provide a signed statement indicating that they
assume primary responsibility for compliance with local, state, and
federal regulations concerning employee safety and health and
environmental issues.
19.10 The Project Manager will meet with the Contractor to review safety issues
that were involved on the job after completion of work by the Contractor
## Discipline:
20.1 Failure to follow the requirements of this procedure by any employee may
result in disciplinary action according to Therma’s discipline policy up to
and including termination.
## Review:
21.1 This procedure will be reviewed:
21.1.1 Whenever any deficiencies are found, this procedure shall
be revised to correct those deficiencies before any
subsequent entries are authorized.
21.1.2 This procedure shall be reviewed and revised as necessary at
least every 12 months using the canceled/completed permits from
entries performed during that period.
---
| Safety ManualMobile Crane Safety Policy | |
| --- | --- |
| | Effective:06-99Revision Date:01-11Revision No.:3Page No.:1of4 |
## Mobile Crane Safety Policy
## 1. Purpose and Scope:
1.1 The purpose of this policy is to ensure the protection of Therma
employees, the general public and public/private property during mobile
crane operations.
1.2 Therma shall insure that all crane operations are conducted in
accordance with 29 CFR 1926.550.
1.3 This policy applies to all mobile crane operation under the direction of
Therma.
1.4 For rigging policy and procedures, reference Therma’s Rigging and
Material Handling Procedure.
## 2. Responsibility:
2.1 It is the responsibility of all supervisors to ensure crane operations are
conducted in accordance with this policy.
2.2 It is the responsibility of the supervisors to ensure subcontractors follow
the provisions of this policy.
2.3 It is the responsibility of the supervisor to notify the safety department
prior to commencing crane operations.
2.4 It is the responsibility of all employees involved in mobile crane
operations to follow the requirements of this policy.
2.5 It is the responsibility of the safety department to provide guidance and
assistance to the supervisors during mobile crane operations.
## 3. Policy:
3.1 Certified crane operators who meet the qualifications described in ANSI
B30.5 5-3.1.2 and/or certified under the National Commission for
Certified Crane Operators (NCCCO) guidelines shall only operate cranes.
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| | 2 | 57 | 2 of 4 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 3.2 | Crane operator must provide evidence of qualification prior to commencing crane operations. | | |
| 3.3 | Crane shall have a current annual inspection and certified as safe by an independent 3rd party. | | |
| 3.4 | Evidence of annual inspection shall be provided prior to commencing crane operations. | | |
| 3.5 | Evidence of crane company insurance shall be provided prior to commencing crane operations. | | |
| 3.6 | Crane operations manuals and load charts specific to each crane shall be onsite and accessible. | | |
| 3.7 | A competent person shall inspect cranes prior to each use to ensure they are in safe operating condition. Evidence of inspection shall be onsite and accessible. | | |
| 3.8 | The crane and swing radius of the boom shall be barricaded with red danger barricade tape. | | |
| 3.9 | Entry into the crane operating zone shall be restricted to the crane operator and riggers. | | |
| 3.10 | Accessible areas within the swing radius of the rear of the rotating crane superstructure shall be barricaded in such a manner as to prevent an employee from being struck or crushed by the crane. | | |
| 3.11 | All personnel involved in that day's crane operation shall conduct a pre-lift safety meeting. | | |
| 3.12 | Crane Safety Checklist shall be completed and maintained on site by the supervisor prior to commencing crane operations. | | |
| 3.13 | Cranes shall only perform vertical lifts. Attempting to pull objects in any direction other than vertical may result in crane failure. | | |
| 3.14 | The crane operator shall maintain minimum clearances from overhead power lines. | | |
| 2 | 57 | 3 of 4 |
| Voltage(KV) | Required Clearance |
| --- | --- |
| 0-50KV | 10feet |
| 50-100KV | 15feet |
| 200-350KV | 20feet |
| 350-500KV | 25feet |
| 500-750KV | 35feet |
| 750-1,000KV | 45feet |
3.15 All personnel in the vicinity of the crane shall make eye contact
with the operator prior to passing through or near the crane
operations so as to make the operator aware of their presence.
3.16 Only one person shall signal the crane operator. The designated /
qualified person shall be familiar with the crane’s operation and shall be
able to communicate with the crane operator with appropriate hand
signals.
3.17 Any member of the crane lift team has the authority to stop the crane
operator when there is a hazardous condition.
3.18 No personnel shall be permitted on or under suspended loads at any
time.
3.19 Crane operator shall sound an alarm or horn blast when the load is
about to be lifted.
3.20 Always evaluate weather conditions prior to and during crane operations.
Lifting operations shall be re-evaluated whenever wind speeds exceed 25
mph, or if other environmental conditions could hinder those operations.
3.21 Any rigging equipment not in use shall be properly stowed as not to
create a hazard for personnel working in the crane operating area.
3.22 Rigging of equipment must be performed by a designated / qualified
person.
## 4.
## Crane Lift Plans:
4.1 Crane Lift Plans shall be prepared prior to any crane lift operations. The
plan will be maintained on the job site during crane operations. At a
minimum, the plan shall consist of the following documents:
• Crane Safety Check List.
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• Copy of the crane operator certification card
• Evidence of Qualified Rigger and Signal Person
rd
• Copy of the 3 party annual inspection.
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3^{\mathrm{r d}}
$$
• Copy of evidence of insurance.
• Diagram detailing crane position and swing radius.
## 5.
## Pre-lift Safety Meeting:
5.1 The supervisor shall conduct a pre-lift safety meeting prior to
commencing crane operations.
5.2 All employees, including crane company personnel, involved in the crane
operation shall attend the pre-lift safety meeting.
5.3 The time, date and all personnel attending the meeting shall be
documented on the Crane Safety Checklist.
5.4 At a minimum, the following items shall be determined and discussed
with all employees involved in crane operations:
• General work scope of the lift operation.
• Method to control unauthorized personnel from entering the
work zone.
• Communication and signaling.
• Rigging responsibilities and inspection.
• Evacuation plan.
• Roles, responsibility and location of each team member.
• Tag line usage.
• Hazards: pinch points, crush zones, etc.
• Personal Protective Equipment.
• Weather conditions. Overhead obstructions (power lines,
trees, etc).
---
**3**
## Rigging – Material Handling
## 1
## Purpose and Scope:
1.1 Therma shall insure that all rigging and material handling equipment are
properly safe and used in accordance with the manufacturer’s guidelines
and compliant with OSHA standard 1926.251 and 1910.184.
1.2 The use of any rigging / material handling equipment not in compliant
with any portion of this policy is prohibited.
1.3 Rigging materials and equipment for overhead crane lift operations shall
be performed by a designated / qualified rigger.
## 2
## Responsibility:
2.1 It is the responsibility of all supervisors to ensure employees involved in
rigging / material handling are trained and are in compliant with the
requirements of this policy.
2.2 It is the responsibility of all employees involved in rigging / material
handling to follow the requirements of this policy.
## Policy:
## 3.1 Inspections:
3.1.1 Initial inspections, before any new equipment is placed into
service shall be inspected by a designated / qualified person
3.1.2 Rigging equipment shall be inspected by a qualified person
prior to each use on each shift and as necessary during its
use to ensure it is safe.
3.1.3 Defective or damaged rigging equipment, including slings and
hooks, shall be removed from service immediately.
3.1.4 Rigging equipment shall be marked with the rated load.
Without such marking, the equipment shall be removed from
service.
## 3.2 Use-General:
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3.2.1 Slings shall not be shortened with knots, bolts, or other
makeshift devices.
3.2.2 Slings, chains or similar devices shall not be shock loaded or
loaded in excess of their rated capacities.
3.2.3 Slings shall be set to avoid slippage.
3.2.4 Slings used in a basket hitch shall have the loads balanced to
prevent slippage.
3.2.5 Slings shall be padded or protected from the sharp edges of
their loads.
3.2.6 Rigging equipment not in use shall be removed from the
immediate work area so as not to present a hazard to
employees.
3.2.7 Tag lines shall be used when lifting loads unless such use
creates an unsafe condition.
3.2.8 Suspended loads shall be kept clear of all obstructions.
3.2.9 Under no conditions shall an employee be allowed under a
suspended load.
3.2.10 Hooks on ball assemblies, lower load blocks, or other
attachments shall be of a type that can be closed and locked,
eliminating the “hook throat opening”.
3.2.11 Hands or fingers shall not be placed between the sling and its
load while the sling is being tightened around the load.
3.2.12 A sling shall not be pulled from under a load when the load is
resting on the sling and damage to the sling may result.
## 4.
## Synthetic Slings:
4.1 Synthetic Slings must be taken out of service if any of the
following effects are noted.
4.1.1 Missing or illegible sling identification.
4.1.2 Acid / caustic burns.
4.1.3 Evidence of melting / charring.
4.1.4 Cuts / tears that expose core yarns.
4.1.5 Stretch or elongation exceeding the amount recommended by
manufacturers.
4.1.6 Knots in any part.
## 5.
## Chain Sling:
5.1 Chain slings must be removed from service if any of the following
defects are noted.
5.1.1 Links / Rings / Hooks – nicks, cracks, gouges, excessive wear,
bent links, stretched links, heat damage, rust or corrosion.
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5.1.2 Uneven lengths when sling legs are hanging free.
5.1.3 Individual link must hinge freely with adjoining link.
5.14 Deformed master links or coupling links.
5.2 Chain slings must be made from grade 80 and 100 alloy chain and
tested in accordance with NACM specs 1990.
5.3 Annealing or normalizing shall be done only in accordance with the chain
manufacturer's specifications
5.4 Only chains recommended for slinging or hoisting by the manufacturer,
shall be used for hoisting purposes. Proof coil steel chains shall not be
used.
5.5 Wrought iron chains in constant use shall be annealed or normalized at
intervals not exceeding 6 months when recommended by the
manufacturer.
## 6. Hooks and Shackles:
6.1 Hooks and shackles shall only be used in accordance with the
manufacturer's recommendation
6.2 Hooks that do not have an identified manufacturer recommendation
shall be tested at twice the intended safe working load to determine their
quality before being put to use.
6.3 Remove from service if there is any evidence of stretching or cracks.
6.4 Do not attempt to straighten deformed hooks, shackles, or other
attachments.
6.5 Deformed hooks or rings shall be replaced or repaired and reshaped
under proper metallurgical control and proof tested.
6.6 The use of “homemade” hooks, shackles or other makeshift fasteners is
prohibited.
6.7 Shackle pins must fit freely, without binding, and seat properly.
## 7. Eyebolts:
7.1 Eyebolts used for hoisting must be fabricated from forged carbon or
alloy steel.
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7.5
7.2 Carbon steel eyebolts must have the manufacturer’s name or
identification trademark forged in raised characters on the surface of the
eyebolt.
7.3 Alloy steel eyebolts must have the symbol “A” (denoting alloy steel) and
the manufacturer’s name or identification mark forged in raised
characters on the surface of the eyebolt.
7.4 Carefully inspect each eyebolt before use.
7.4.1 Visually inspect the hole to ensure that there has been no
deformation.
7.4.2 Check the condition of the threads in the hole to ensure that
the eyebolt will secure and the shoulder can be brought down
snug.
7.4.3 Ensure that the shank of the eyebolt is not undercut and is
smoothly radiused into the plane of the shoulder or the contour
of the ring for non-shouldered eyebolts.
Destroy and discard eyebolts that are cracked, bent, or have damaged
threads.
---
| Safety ManualQualified Rigger for Hoisting Activities | |
| --- | --- |
| | Effective:02-11Revision Date:Revision No.:Page No.:1 of 10 |
## Qualified Rigger for Hoisting Activities
## 1.0 Rigging
## 1.1. General
A qualified rigger is needed during assembly/disassembly of cranes (29 CFR 1926.1404),
when employees are engaged in hooking, unhooking, or guiding the load, or in the initial
connection of a load to a component or structure and are within the fall zone (29CFR
1926.1425). A qualified rigger is defined as a qualified person who, by possession of a
recognized degree, certificate or professional standing, or who by extensive knowledge,
training and experience, successfully demonstrates the ability to solve/resolve problems
relating to rigging.
## 1.2. Rigging Person Qualification
All qualified riggers shall be evaluated by a designated person and must demonstrate their
qualifications in the following areas:
• The ability to identify the load’s travel path
• The ability to identify load characteristics (i.e.; determine load weight; center of gravity)
• The ability to identify correct load attachment points
• The ability to recognize special load handling requirements (i.e.; unbalanced loads
• The ability to recognize and avoid unsafe rigging practices (i.e.; pinch points; need for
softeners; shock loading; side loading; unsafe body positioning; electrical hazards)
• The ability to communicate hazards to others
• The ability to perform rigging equipment inspections and identify non-conforming
equipment
• The ability to identify and select appropriate slings (i.e.; chain; wire rope; synthetic
rope, synthetic web; and; synthetic round)
• The ability to identify and select appropriate rigging hardware (i.e.; shackles;
adjustable hardware, such as spreader bars; links, rings and swivels; rigging blocks;
hooks; hoists; dollies, skates, and rollers; trolleys; beam clamps; eyebolts; swivel hoist
rings; jacks)
• The ability to protect rigging equipment and load from damage by the proper use of
softeners
• Demonstrate the ability to select and tie knots/hitches required for various rigging tasks
• The ability to reference Rigger’s Capacity Card
## 3.0 Basic Crane Terminology
**Auxiliary Hoist**: The supplemental hoisting unit, which is usually of lower load rating and
higher speed than the main hoist.
**Axis of Rotation**: The vertical axis around which the crane's superstructure rotates.
**Boom**: In cranes and derricks usage, an inclined spar, strut, or other long member
supporting the hoisting tackle. Also, defined as a structural member attached to the
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revolving superstructure used for guiding and acting as a support for the load.
**Boom Angle Indicator**: An accessory device that measures the angle of the boom base
section centerline to horizontal.
**Boom Stops**: A devise used to limit the angle of the boom at its highest position.
**Brake**: A device used for retarding or stopping motion by friction or power means.
**Block**: Sheaves or grooved pulleys in a frame provided with hook, eye, and strap.
**Crane**: A machine consisting of a rotating superstructure for lifting and lowering a load
and moving it horizontally on either rubber tires or crawler treads.
**Counterweight**: Weights used for balancing loads and the weight of the crane in
providing stability for lifting.
**Deck**: The revolving superstructure or turntable bed.
**Drum**: The spool or cylindrical member around which cables are wound for raising and
lowering loads.
**Gantry**: A structural frame work (also known as an A Frame) mounted on the revolving
superstructure of the crane to which the boom supporting cables are reeved.
**Headache Ball**: A heavy weight attached above the hook on a single line or whip line to
provide sufficient weight to lower the hook when unloaded.
**Holding Brake**: A brake that automatically sets to prevent motion when power is off
**Jib**: An extension attached to the boom point to provide added boom length for lifting
specified loads.
**Load**: The weight of the object being lifted or lowered, including load block, ropes, slings,
shackles, and any other ancillary attachment.
**Load Block**: The assembly of the hook or shackles, swivel, sheaves, pins, and frame
suspended from the boom point.
**Main Hoist**: Hoist system or boom used for raising and lowering loads up to maximum
rated capacity.
**Mechanical Load Brake**: An automatic type of friction brake used for controlling loads in
the lowering direction. This device requires torque from the motor to lower a load but does
not impose additional loads on the motor when lifting a load.
**Outriggers**: Support members attached to the crane's carrier frame which are used to
the crane and may be blocked up to increase stability.
**Pawl**: Also known as "dog". It is a gear locking device for positively holding the gears
against movement.
**Pendants**: Stationary cables used to support the boom.
**Radius**: The horizontal distance from the axis of rotation of the crane's superstructure to
the center of the suspended load.
**Reeving**: The path that a rope takes in adapting itself to all sheaves and drums of a piece
of equipment.
**Running Sheave**: Sheaves that rotate as the hook is raised or lowered.
**Superstructure**: The rotating frame, gantry and boom or other operating equipment.
**Test Load**: Any load or force, expressed in pounds, used for testing or certifying the
limitations within acceptable tolerances of the anticipated load.
**Two-Block**: The condition in which the lower load lock or hook assembly comes in
contact with the upper load block or boom point sheave assembly.
**Quadrant of Operation**: The area of operation that the lift is being made in. Usually,
divided into four quadrants, i.e. front, rear and side(s) - left side and right side.
**Basic Crane Types**
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Telescoping Carrier Crane
Telescoping Crawler Crane
Telescoping Rough Terrain Crane
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Lattice Boom Crawler Mounted
Industrial Boom Crane
Tower Crane
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Overhead Crane
Jib Crane
## 4.0 Crane Safe Operating Practices & Procedures
Hoisting Procedures: Before and during hoisting operations, the person directing the
lift must ensure:
• The crane is level and where necessary, blocked
• The load is secured and balanced in the sling or lifting device
• Both the lift and swing path are clear of obstructions and people
• All persons are clear of the swing radius
Avoiding Distractions:
• The operator should never be distracted while he is operating the crane. His
safety and the safety of other workers depend on his constant attention on
the job at hand.
• The operator must obey on signal given by the appointed signalperson with
the exception of the STOP signal, which must be obeyed regardless who
gives it. Hand signals must be in accordance with those specified in ASME
B30.5
Leverage and Stability
• As the upper structure rotates, the crane’s center of gravity moves closer to
its tipping axis. The movement of the crane’s center of gravity increases the
load’s leverage on the crane and results in the crane’s capacity being
lowered. This is why a rough terrain crane can become unstable, even to the
point of overturning, when a load is lifted over the front and swung over the
side. Be sure to consult the capacity chart before swinging to a less stable
area.
• A mobile crane is stable when its leverage is greater than the load’s leverage.
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• Most carrier mounted cranes have their greatest capacity over the rear.
When the upper structure is rotated over the side, the capacity will be lower
because the distance from the crane’s center of gravity to the tipping axis is
shortened. Most crane manufacturers do not allow loads to be lifted over the
front unless the front stabilizer is extended and set.
## Two-Blocking
• Two-blocking occurs when the hook block or headache ball makes contact
with the sheaves at the main boom head, extension or jib tip. This can break
the hoist rope and cause the headache ball to fall.
• Two-blocking occurs most commonly on telescoping boom cranes as a result
of over hoisting or telescoping the boom without letting out the hoist line
• An anti-two-block device can stop an impending two-block condition and, if
necessary, prevent further hoisting, boom extension and lowering of the
boom.
## Dangers of Tipping
• As a crane starts to tip, the load radius increases. As the center of gravity of
the load moves away from the tipping axis, the center of gravity of the crane
moves towards the tipping axis. This accelerates the rate of tipping and may
leave the operator powerless to remedy the situation other than by dropping
the load.
• Tipping on telescoping boom cranes may be even more rapid because of the
greater weight of the boom.
• In the structural area of the load chart, crane capacities are based on the
strength of its components. This means a crane may fail structurally before it
tips…..so **never** use signs of tipping as an indication of a crane’s ability to lift.
When a crane starts to tip it is already overloaded and may incur structural
damage.
## Increase in Load Radius
• Reaching beyond the vertical extends the load radius and can pull the boom
forward.
• A rapid swing with a load can cause the load radius to increase. The degree
of swing-out may increase as the crane swings. This can also cause shock
loading and twist the boom.
• Swinging a load from over the rear to over the side, or from over the front to
over the side, can increase carrier deflection and extend load radius. This is
especially noticeable when working on rubber.
## Shock Loading
• Rapid hoist acceleration produces hook loads higher than the actual load
weight.
• Sudden release of the load can cause the crane to tip backwards or even
collapse.
• Pick and carry operations can subject the carrier and boom to shock loads.
• Extracting loads by jerking can overload the crane and cause shock loading.
• Shock loading can also be caused by the sudden snatching of a load or the
sudden release of a frozen, caught or stuck load. Either condition can cause
overloading or structural failure.
## Side Loading
• Since booms are only designed to take minimal side loading, the load line
should remain reasonably vertical when moving loads. Side loading can occur
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when the crane is out of level, or, during a rapid swing, or of the swing brake
is applied suddenly.
• Dragging or pulling a load sideways is never permitted.
## High Winds
• The force created by wind can have a devastating effect on the crane. Most
crane manufactures require the load chart be reduced when operating in
windy conditions. In most case crane operations should be stopped when the
wind exceeds 30 mph.
• High winds can cause the operating radius to increase by swing the load
forward.
• The effect of wind on the crane increased four times if the wind speed
doubles.
• High winds can cause side loading.
## Working near power lines
• Use extreme caution when working near power lines during windy conditions.
Even slight winds can move power lines a significant distance, especially if
there is a long span between power line supports.
• Whether hoisting, booming, swinging, or traveling, the crane must be
operated slowly and with extreme caution.
• Maintain your distance from power lines. No part of the crane or load must
ever enter the “prohibited zone”. This zone must be expanded as the kV
increases (see table below). Certain environmental conditions, such as fog,
smoke or precipitation, may also require this distance to be increased.
• Consider erecting guard structures or barricades around power lines as a
constant reminder to all personnel. Set the crane up as far as practically
possible from
prohibited zone.
| Required Clearance For Operations Near High Voltage Power Lines: | |
| --- | --- |
| to 50kV | 10ft. |
| over50 to200kV | 15ft. |
| over200 to350kV | 20ft. |
| over350 to500kV | 25ft. |
| over500 to700kV | 35ft. |
| over700 to1000kV | 45ft. |
the
## 6.0 Dedicated Spotter
• From the cab, it is difficult for the operator to judge distances accurately.
Therefore, any time the crane is working within a boom’s length of the
prohibited zone, a dedicated spotter shall be appointed.
• To be considered a dedicated spotter, the requirements of 29 CFR
1926.1428 Signal Person qualifications must be met and this person’s sole
responsibility is to watch the separation between power line and the
equipment, load line and load (including rigging and lifting accessories), and
ensure through communication with the operator that the applicable
minimum approach distance is not breached.
## 7.0 Situational Awareness
The qualified rigger must be familiar with the following site specific considerations.
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• Being involved with reviewing lift requirements with site supervisor, crane
operator and crew. This will include the pre-lift safety meeting.
• The pre-lift safety meeting should include ensuring the area for the crane is
adequately prepared. The preparation includes but not limited to the following:
1) Access roads for the crane and associated equipment
2) Sufficient room to assemble and disassemble crane
3) An operating area that is suitable for the crane with respect to
levelness, surface conditions, support capability, proximity to power
lines, excavations, slopes, underground utilities, subsurface
construction and obstructions to crane operation
4) Traffic control necessary to restrict unauthorized access to the crane
working area
• Ensuring that conditions which may adversely affect crane operations are
addressed. Such conditions include but are not limited to the following:
1) Poor soil conditions
2) Wind velocity or gusting winds
3) Heavy rain
4) Fog
5) Extreme cold
6) Artificial lighting
• Know how to identify and avoid hazards and obstacles
• Understand the established emergency procedure
## 8.0 Main Cause of Crane Accidents
More than half of all mobile crane accidents (54.1%) were directly related to machine
set-up.
Support Failure: 31.5%
• Ground giving way and subsiding beneath outrigger blocking
• Soft Footing with crawler crane
• Outrigger blocks fall off
• Crane slips off blocks
Failure To Use Outriggers: 22.6%
• Operator neglects when setting up
• Lifting boom without outriggers
• Changing boom and counterweights without outriggers
Operator Error: 33.1%
• Inexperience, i.e., violent control movements
• Boom out beyond safe working radius
• Overload
• Overturn while traveling
• Out of level
• Boom collapse backward
Machinery and Structural Failure: 11.2%
• Boom hoist failure
• Brake failure
• Booms
• Outriggers
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High Wind: 1.6%
• Wind force sufficient to topple boom or crane
## 9.0 Cause of Mobile Crane Fatalities
• Electrocution: 44%
• Rigging Mishap or Failure: 15%
• Load Handling (struck by or crushed): 14%
• Operator Error: 7%
• Overload: 7%
• Dismantling Boom: 5%
• Wire Rope Failure: 3%
• Struck by Crane: 3%
• Miscellaneous: 3%
## 10.0 Rigging Safety Rules
• Know the weight of the load
• Know the center of gravity of the load
• Make the load attachment directly above the center of gravity of the load
• Select the hitch that will hold and control the load
• Know the rated capacity of slings and hardware
• Select the best sling suited for the load
• Inspect all rigging before the lift
• Protect the sling from sharp surfaces
• Conduct sling loading calculation and understand the decreased sling capacity
cause by sling angle
• Allow for D/d ratio on all wire rope slings
• Calculate reductions when using choker hitch
• Keep personnel clear from lift area
• Lift load a few inches then check rigging before lift
• Know the limitations of all components used for the lift
• Lift slowly and stop slowly
• Never replace a shackle pin with a bolt
## 11.0 Rigging Equipment
• Rigging equipment must be inspected by a Competent Person before each use
and as necessary during its use to ensure it is safe
• Tag and remove defective equipment from service
• Custom design grabs, hooks, clamps, or other lifting accessories, for such units
as modular panels, prefabricated structures and similar materials must be
marked to indicate safe working load capacities and be proof tested to 125% of
their rated load
## Alloy Steel Chain & Welded Alloy Steel Chain Slings
• Must have permanently affixed durable identification tags stating; size, grade,
rated capacity; and; sling manufacturer
• Job or shop hooks and links, or, makeshift fasteners, formed from bolts, rods,
ect., or other such attachments shall not be used
• There are four grades of chain (Grade 28, 43,70 & 80). ONLY Grade 80 alloy
steel chain shall be used for overhead lifting
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• Alloy steel chains must be inspected frequently by the user
• Inspection must be link by link including all attachments
• Competent Person inspections must be performed at least once a year or more
frequent based on; frequency of use; severity of service conditions; nature of lifts
being made; and; experience gained on the service life used in similar
circumstances
• Competent Person inspections must be documented and available
Wire Rope Slings
• Protruding ends of strands in splices on slings and bridals shall be covered or
blunted
• Wire rope shall not be secured by knots
• Except for eye splices in the ends of wires and for endless rope slings, each
wire rope used in hoisting or lowering, or in pulling loads, shall consist of one
continuous piece without knot or splice
• Wire rope slings shall not be shortened with knots, bolts or other makeshift
devices
• Legs shall not be kinked
• Basket hitch shall have the loads balanced to prevent slippage
• Wire rope slings shall be padded or protected from sharp edges
• Hands and fingers shall never be placed between the sling and its load while
the sling is being tightened around the load
• A sling shall never be pulled from under a load when the load is resting on the
sling
• When U-bolt wire rope clips are used to form eyes, the U-bolt shall be applied
so that the “U” section is in contact with the dead end of the rope – “Never
saddle a dead horse”!
Synthetic Webbing (nylon, polyester, and polypropylene)
• The employer shall have each synthetic web sling marked or coded to show;
name or trademark of manufacture; rated capacity for the type of hitch; and; type
of material
• Webbing shall be removed from service immediately if there is evidence of; acid
or caustic burns; melting or charring of any part of the sling surface; snags,
punctures, tears or cuts; broken or worn stitches; distortion of fittings.
## Shackles, Hooks and Eyebolts
• Inspect prior to use and immediately remove from service if there is any evidence
of stretching or cracks
• Never attempt to straighten deformed shackles, hooks, or, eyebolts
• The use of “homemade’ hooks, shackles, or, other makeshift fasteners is
prohibited
• Shackle pins must fit freely, without binding, and seat properly
• Eyebolts used for hoisting must be fabricated from forged carbon steel or alloy
steel
• Carbon steel eyebolts must have the manufacturers name or identification
trademark forged in raised characters on the surface of the eyebolt
• Alloy steel eyebolts must have the symbol “A” (denoting alloy steel) and the
manufacturers name or identification trademark forged in raised characters on
the surface of the eyebolt
---
| Safety Manual
SILICA EXPOSURE CONTROL PLAN | |
| --- | --- |
| | Effective:06-16 |
| Policy Section No.:64 | Revision Date:11/16 |
| Revision No.:1 | Page No.:1 of5 |
## SILICA EXPOSURE CONTROL PLAN
## 1.
## Purpose:
1.1 To protect our workers and ensure they do not come into contact
with silica in excess of the Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) of 50
3
ug/m and that whenever they are feasible, engineering and work
practice controls will be established and implemented to reduce
and maintain exposures at or below the PEL.
## 2.
## Scope:
2.1 This applies to all work activities within Therma including but not
limited to the service department, pipe fitting, plumbing, and sheet
metal.
## 3.
## Definitions:
3.1 Silica – Silica is a natural mineral that comes in several forms,
some more hazardous than others. Typically it’s the crystalline
forms that are of greatest concern. Silica can be present in large
quantities in certain types of rocks and sand. Exposure to
respirable (airborne) crystalline silica dust during construction
activities can cause serious respiratory disease.
3.2 Employee Exposure – The exposure to respirable crystalline silica
that would occur if the employee were not using respiratory
protective equipment
3.3 Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) – The maximum permitted 8-
hour time-weighted average concentration of an airborne
contaminant. The PEL of silica is 50 mg/m3.
3.4 Dust Containment Device – A device attached to a power tool
such as a pouch, bag, plastic container, or similar attachment
which is intended to capture dust generated by the power tool. This
device is not intended to be a dust reduction system as defined
under this section.
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3.5 Dust Reduction System – Technology that utilizes the application
of water or local exhaust ventilation to reduce airborne dust
generated by the use of powered tools or equipment. Local exhaust
ventilation may include vacuum systems, dust collection systems,
and dust exhaust systems.
## 4.
## Training
4.1 In the event a Therma employee could come into contact with
silica; they shall receive silica awareness training.
4.2 If respirators or other personal protective equipment are required,
the employees shall receive the appropriate respirator training in
accordance of the company policies.
4.3 Equipment and training will be provided at no cost to employees.
4.4 When operations include using powered tools or equipment to cut,
grind, core, or drill concrete or masonry materials, Therma shall
provide training on the following topics to all employees prior to
their assignment to jobs or work areas where Therma will be
conducting these operations:
• The potential health hazards of overexposure to airborne dust
generated from concrete and masonry materials, including
silicosis, lung cancer, chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD)
and decreased lung function.
• Methods used to control employee exposures to airborne dust
from concrete and masonry materials, including wet cutting,
local exhaust ventilation systems, and isolation of the process
from the operator or other employees by means of distance,
enclosure, or other method, as applicable.
• Proper use and maintenance of dust reduction systems,
including the safe handling and disposal of waste materials
collected in connection with their use.
• The importance of good personal hygiene and housekeeping
practices when working in proximity to dust from concrete and
masonry materials including:
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o Not smoking tobacco products; appropriate methods of
cleaning up before eating, and appropriate methods of
cleaning clothes.
o Avoiding, to the extent practical, activities that would
contribute significantly to an employee's exposure to
airborne dusts.
• When training is needed contact the safety department directly.
• Training shall be conducted by a safety representative,
superintendent, or their designee.
• Once training is completed originals are to remain in the job site
safety training files until job completion and an electronic/
scanned copy shall be sent to the Therma Safety Dept. to be
kept on file within one week.
## 5.
## Engineering Controls
5.1 Alternative Exposure Control Methods are necessary when
effective engineering controls required by “Table 1” of OSHA’s
Respirable Crystalline Silica Standard are not achievable. When
acceptable, engineering controls are feasible Therma will always
defer to, and comply with “Table 1” of OSHA’s Respirable
Crystalline Silica Standard.
## 6.
## Safe Work Practices
6.1 Procedures shall be implemented to ensure that dust reduction
systems maintain their effectiveness for dust reduction throughout
the work shift.
6.2 Dust reduction systems shall be installed, operated, and
maintained in accordance with manufacturer recommendations to
the extent they exist.
6.3 When engineering controls, such as the wet method, HEPA filtered
dust collection systems, and local exhaust ventilation are by
themselves inadequate for worker protection from overexposure,
but feasible to use, they will be implemented in conjunction with
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respirator use to help control respirable crystalline silica
concentrations.
6.4 Only sharp masonry drill bits and saw blades will be used when
drilling or cutting into concrete.
6.5 Affected workers are not permitted to eat, drink, smoke, or apply
cosmetics in affected work areas.
6.6 Affected workers are required to wash their hands and faces before
eating, drinking, smoking, or applying cosmetics.
6.7 Contact Therma's Safety Department in advance of working in an
area with potential silica exposure to arrange air monitoring to
ensure the silica exposure is below OSHA’s Permissible Exposure
Limit (PEL) 50 mg/m³
## 7.
## Affected Area Access Restrictions
7.1 Therma restricts access by all others to areas where Therma
workers are drilling, cutting, or boring through concrete and restricts
access to its own affected workers who must perform work in areas
where other trades are pulverizing silica containing building
materials.
7.2 When necessary, to minimize exposure Therma will ensure:
• The affected work area will be barricaded, and marked yellow
and black caution tape.
• The barricaded area will be large enough to prevent other
trades in the area from overexposure to respirable crystalline
silica, provided that they do not breach the barricade.
• Signs stating, “Caution – Silica” will be posted around the
perimeter of the barricaded areas so that other trades will know
why they should not to breach the barricade.
## 8.
## Clean Up
8.1 Minimize dust generation when working with or around silicacontaining materials.
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8.2 Never use compressed air to clean off equipment, surfaces or your
clothes. Where feasible, use water or a HEPA vacuum. Consider
using disposable (such as Tyvek coveralls) or reusable clothing
that stays at the work site.
8.3 Handle and dispose of waste materials without generating airborne
dust
• Use a HEPA vacuum, squeegee instead of broom, or sweeping
compound, in that order.
## 9.
## Respiratory Protection:
9.1 Reference Therma's policy section No. 27 Respiratory Protection